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51.
Selvaraj Mohana Roopan Shashikant Malagoud Patil Jeyakannu Palaniraja 《Research on Chemical Intermediates》2016,42(4):2749-2790
Of the biologically important benzene fused heterocycles, the most important are those containing a ring-junction nitrogen. The majority of ring junction systems do not occur naturally, but they have been important from a theoretical viewpoint, for preparation of potentially active analogues. The imidazo[1,2-a] pyridines are an important class of nitrogen ring junction heterocyclic compounds. They have huge applications in medicinal chemistry and drug molecule production. Thus, the initial discussion focuses on synthetic strategies of imidazo[1,2-a] pyridines, and later we disclose the reactivity of the imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines. This review is intended to summarize and discuss the most recent developments of synthesis and reactivity of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines, mainly the contributions after 2007. 相似文献
52.
Selvaraj Jayaraman Nalini Devarajan Ponnulakshmi Rajagopal Shyamaladevi Babu Senthil Kumar Ganesan Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan Chella Perumal Palanisamy Bo Cui Vijayalakshmi Periyasamy Kirubhanand Chandrasekar 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(7)
β-sitosterol (SIT), the most abundant bioactive component of vegetable oil and other plants, is a highly potent antidiabetic drug. Our previous studies show that SIT controls hyperglycemia and insulin resistance by activating insulin receptor and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT-4) in the adipocytes of obesity induced type 2 diabetic rats. The current research was undertaken to investigate if SIT could also exert its antidiabetic effects by circumventing adipocyte induced inflammation, a key driving factor for insulin resistance in obese individuals. Effective dose of SIT (20 mg/kg b.wt) was administered orally for 30 days to high fat diet and sucrose induced type-2 diabetic rats. Metformin, the conventionally used antidiabetic drug was used as a positive control. Interestingly, SIT treatment restores the elevated serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines including leptin, resistin, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) to normalcy and increases anti-inflammatory adipocytokines including adiponectin in type 2 diabetic rats. Furthermore, SIT decreases sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and enhances Peroxisome Proliferator–activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) gene expression in adipocytes of diabetic rats. The gene and protein expression of c-Jun-N-terminal kinase-1 (JNK1), inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta (IKKβ) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) were also significantly attenuated in SIT treated groups. More importantly, SIT acts very effectively as metformin to circumvent inflammation and insulin resistance in diabetic rats. Our results clearly show that SIT inhibits obesity induced insulin resistance by ameliorating the inflammatory events in the adipose tissue through the downregulation of IKKβ/NF-κB and c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway. 相似文献
53.
Snehlata Yadav Balasubramanian Narasimhan Siong M. Lim Kalavathy Ramasamy Mani Vasudevan Syed Adnan Ali Shah Manikandan Selvaraj 《Chemistry Central journal》2017,11(1):137
Background
A series of 2-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-ylthio)-N-(substituted 4-oxothiazolidin-3-yl) acetamides was synthesized and characterized by physicochemical and spectral means. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger by tube dilution method. The in vitro cytotoxicity study of the compounds was carried out against human colorectal (HCT116) cell line. The most promising anticancer derivatives (5l, 5k, 5i and 5p) were further docked to study their binding efficacy to the active site of the cyclin-dependent kinase-8.Results
All the compounds possessed significant antimicrobial activity with MIC in the range of 0.007 and 0.061 µM/ml. The cytotoxicity study revealed that almost all the derivatives were potent in inhibiting the growth of HCT116 cell line in comparison to the standard drug 5-fluorouracil. Compounds 5l and 5k (IC50 = 0.00005 and 0.00012 µM/ml, respectively) were highly cytotoxic towards HCT116 cell line in comparison to 5-fluorouracil (IC50 = 0.00615 µM/ml) taken as standard drug.Conclusion
The molecular docking studies of potent anticancer compounds 5l, 5k, 5i and 5p showed their putative binding mode and significant interactions with cyclin-dependent kinase-8 as prospective agents for treating colon cancer.54.
Rengaraj S Venkataraj S Tai CW Kim Y Repo E Sillanpää M 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2011,27(9):5534-5541
Novel template-free hierarchical-like In(2)S(3) hollow microspheres were synthesized using thiosemicarbazide (NH(2)NHCSNH(2)) as both a sulfur source and a capping ligand in a ethanol/water system. In this study, we demonstrate that several process parameters, such as the reaction time and precursor ratio, strongly influence the morphology of the final product. The In(NO(3))(3)/thiosemicarbazide ratios were found to effectively play crucial roles in the morphologies of the hierarchical-like In(2)S(3) hollow microsphere nanostructure. With the ratios increasing from two to four, the In(2)S(3) crystals exhibited almost spherical morphologies. The synthesized products have been characterized by a variety of methods, including X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and ultraviolet-visible diffused reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS). XRD analysis confirmed the tetragonal structure of the In(2)S(3) hollow microspheres. The products show complex hierarchical structures assembled from nanoscale building blocks. The morphology evolution can be realized on both outside (surface) and inside (hollow cavity) the microsphere. The surface area analysis showed that the porous In(2)S(3) possesses a specific surface area of 108 m(2)/g and uniform distribution of pore sizes corresponding to the size of pores resulting from the self-assembled structures with flakes. The optical properties of In(2)S(3) were also investigated by UV-vis DRS, which indicated that our In(2)S(3) microsphere samples possess a band gap of ~1.96 eV. Furthermore, the photocatalytic activity studies revealed that the synthesized In(2)S(3) hollow microspheres exhibit an excellent photocatalytic performance in rapidly degrading aqueous methylene blue dye solution under visible light irradiation. These results suggest that In(2)S(3) hollow microspheres will be an interesting candidate for photocatalytic detoxification studies under visible light radiation. 相似文献
55.
In order to explore the possibilities of simulating metallochromism by modern molecular modeling, we apply a sequential hybrid quantum-classical approach to a prototype metallochromic system-the Al(3+) ion and pyrimidinedione (PY) dye complex. The complex shows several structural features with relevance for the metallochromism: the PY dye exhibits conformers with dynamical transitions between twisted structures, which are inhibited by the addition of the metal ion leading to planarization and a conformational arrest: the Al(3+) ion behaves like a structure-modifier for both intra and intermolecular degrees of freedom and with respect to the intermolecular solvation shell structure. The sequential approach that we have employed uses DFT/MM molecular dynamics for structure modeling and TDDFT/PCM for property modeling. The computed metallochromic shift between PY and the Al(PY)(3+) complex in DMSO solvent is obtained in excellent agreement with experiment. The results infer optimism for future use of such modeling techniques to design metallochromic indicators. 相似文献
56.
Nguyen Dinh Phuong Yu Seok Jeong Thangaswamy Selvaraj Sung Kyum Kim Yong Ho Kim Kyung Hwa Jung Jungho Kim Han Dae Yun Sui-Lam Wong Jung-Kul Lee Hoon Kim 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2012,168(2):375-382
XynX of Clostridium thermocellum is a large, multimodular xylanase of 116?kDa. An Escherichia coli transformant carrying the entire xynX produced three active truncated xylanase species of 105, 85, and 64?kDa intracellularly. The Bacillus subtilis WB700 transformant with the xynX, a strain deficient in seven proteases including Vpr, secreted two active truncated xylanase species of 65 and 44?kDa. The B. subtilis WB800 transformant with xynX, a strain deficient in eight proteases including Vpr and WprA, secreted more active enzymes, 8.46?U?ml?1, mostly in the form of 105 and 85?kDa, than the WB700 transformant, 6.93?U?ml?1. This indicates that the additional deletion of wprA enabled the WB800 to secrete XynX in its intact form. B. subtilis WB800 produced more total enzyme activity than E. coli (1,692?±?274 U vs. 141.9?±?27.1 U), and, more importantly, secreted almost all the enzyme activity. The results suggest the potential use of B. subtilis WB800 as a host system for the production of large multimodular proteins. 相似文献
57.
Ayyasami Kathiresan Krishnan Srinivasan Selvaraj Brinda Munirathinam Nethaji Subbaiah Govindarajan 《Transition Metal Chemistry》2012,37(4):393-397
Divalent metal complexes of general formula [M(2-nb)2(mc)2].2(2-nbH), where M = Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) or Zn(II), 2-nbH = 2-nitrobenzoic acid and mc = methyl carbazate (NH2NHCOOCH3), have been prepared and characterized by physicochemical and spectroscopic methods. Single-crystal X-ray study of the Cu(II)
complex revealed that the molecule is centrosymmetric, with two N,O-chelating mc ligands in equatorial positions and a pair
of monodentate 2-nb anions in the axial positions. The lattice 2-nbH molecules help to establish the packing of monomers through
hydrogen-bonding interactions. Thermal stability and reactivity of the complexes were studied by TG–DTA. Emission studies
show that these complexes are fluorescent. 相似文献
58.
Selvaraj Vetrivel Dipak Rana Meenakshi Sundaram Sri Abirami Saraswathi Kumar Divya Noel Jacob Kaleekkal Alagumalai Nagendran 《先进技术聚合物》2019,30(8):1943-1950
Hydrous manganese dioxide (HMO) nanoparticles incorporated cellulose acetate (CA) composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes are prepared with the aim of improving the water permeation and BSA contaminant removal. The HMO nanoparticles are synthesized from manganese ion and characterized by FT‐IR, XRD, and FESEM. The effect of variation of HMO on CA membranes is probed using FT‐IR, EDAX, contact angle, SEM, and AFM analysis to demonstrate their chemical functionality, hydrophilicity, and morphology. CA/HMO membranes are showing the enhancement in pure water flux (PWF), water uptake, porosity, hydrophilicity, fouling resistance, BSA rejection, and flux recovery ratio (FRR). CA‐1 membrane displayed higher PWF (143.6 Lm2h?1), BSA rejection (95.9%), irreversible fouling (93.3%), and FRR (93.3%). Overall results confirmed that the CA/HMO nanocomposite UF membranes overcome the bottlenecks and shows potential for water treatment applications. 相似文献
59.
Selvaraj Mathi Jaya 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2017,90(6):122
A non-equilibrium Green’s function formulation to study the spin transfer torque (STT) in non-collinear magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) exhibiting quasiparticle bands is developed. The formulation can be used to study the magnetoresistance and spin current too. The formulation is used to study the STT in model tunnel junctions exhibiting multiple layers and quasiparticle bands. The many body interaction that gives rise to quasiparticle bands is assumed to be a s ? f exchange interaction at the electrode regions of the MTJ. The quasiparticle bands are obtained using a many body procedure and the single particle band structure is obtained using the tight binding model. The bias dependence of the STT as well as the influence of band occupancy and s ? f exchange coupling strength on the STT are studied. We find from our studies that the band occupancy plays a significant role in deciding the STT and the s ? f interaction strength too influences the STT significantly. Anomalous behavior in both the parallel and perpendicular components of the STT is obtained from our studies. Our results obtained for certain values of the band occupation are found to show the trend observed from the experimental measurements of STT. 相似文献
60.
Raja Mohamed Beema Shafreen Selvaraj Alagu Lakshmi Shunmugiah Karutha Pandian Young-Mo Kim Joseph Deutsch Elena Katrich Shela Gorinstein 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(21)
Previous reports have shown that consumption of wine has several health benefits; however, there are different types of wine. In the present study, red wines were investigated for their compositions of active ingredients. The interaction of each component in terms of its binding mode with different serum proteins was unraveled, and the components were implicated as drug candidates in clinical settings. Overall, the study indicates that red wines have a composition of flavonoids, non-flavonoids, and phenolic acids that can interact with the key regions of proteins to enhance their biological activity. Among them, rutin, resveratrol, and tannic acid have shown good binding affinity and possess beneficial properties that can enhance their role in clinical applications. 相似文献