A stereodivergent cascade imine → azomethine ylide → 1,3-dipolar cycloadditive approach to α-chiral pyrrolidines

Stereodivergent [3+2] cycloadditions of chiral α-amino azomethine ylides leading to highly functionalized pyrrolidines are reported. The marriage of substrate conformational preferences and either an inter- or intramolecular cycloaddition manifold leads to either the l (syn) or u (anti) relationship between the pyrrolidine and α-stereocenters. The latter result may be applicable to a new approach to the bioxalomycin family of antibiotics.     

Monitoring of Mycophenolic Acid in the Plasma of Transplant Patients by Capillary Electrophoresis

Plasma samples from 60 transplant patients on mycophenolate mofetil therapy were analysed using validated capillary electrophoresis (CE) method to determine mycophenolic acid (MPA) and its main metabolite mycophenolic acid glucuronide. Enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT) values were available for the same samples. The differences between the results from the two methods was clarified by using Bland–Altman analysis and further statistical analysis. More than 90% of the results showed a positive bias, with EMIT giving higher levels than CE.     

Radioiodination and preliminary biological tests of aniline-mustard and its glucuronide conjugate as a potential anticancer prodrug

Aniline-mustard and its glucuronide conjugate were radioiodinated with ¹³¹I. The preliminary dynamic tests were carried out on rabbits. The scintigrams showed clearly that the glucuronide conjugate of aniline-mustard was very quickly cleared from the metabolism, accumulating in the bladder in about 15 minutes. The clearance time of radioiodinated aniline-mustard-glucuronide was considerably longer (about 45 min.). The results obtained from the biodistributional studies have represented interesting differences between the metabolic details of radioiodinated compounds, and indicated that the glucuronide conjugate of aniline-mustard may be a promising radioiodinated prodrug, if verification of its selective accumulation in some kinds of tumor cells can be obtained.     

On stable least squares solution to the system of linear inequalities

The system of inequalities is transformed to the least squares problem on the positive ortant. This problem is solved using orthogonal transformations which are memorized as products. Author’s previous paper presented a method where at each step all the coefficients of the system were transformed. This paper describes a method applicable also to large matrices. Like in revised simplex method, in this method an auxiliary matrix is used for the computations. The algorithm is suitable for unstable and degenerate problems primarily.      

Tauberian theorems for Abel limitability method

This paper addresses conditions for the Abel method of limitability to imply convergence and subsequential convergence.      

Swelling behaviors of poly(dodecyl methacrylate-co-methyl eugenol) and poly(dodecyl methacrylate-co-methyl chavicol) gels in essential oil components

Poly(dodecylmethacrylate-co-methyleugenol) P(DDMA-co-Meu) and poly(dodecylmethacrylate-co-methylchavicol) P(DDMA-co-Mch) gels were synthesized in ethanol using free radical cross-linking polymerization method at 60 °C for 24 h in the presence of azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) as initiator and cross-linker, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the gels. These gels were used to investigate swelling behaviors in linalool and methyl eugenol, in essential oil mixture of phenyl propanoid and terpenoid, and also in various solvents. While the equilibrium swelling values (ESV) of both gels were higher in linalool than in methyl eugenol, the result was vice versa in the case of essential oil mixture. ESVs of both gels were also obtained in various solvents with different functional groups and the highest ESV of both gels were obtained in toluene, and the lowest ESV of P(DDMA-co-Meu) and P(DDMA-co-Mch) was in methanol and in ethylene glycol, respectively. While P(DDMA-co-Meu) is sensitive to carbon number change in alcohol, P(DDMA-co-Mch) is less sensitive. In the case of esters, increase of carbon number in functional group causes a more significant change in ESV than an increase of carbon number in aliphatic chain. Experimental results were correlated by the first-order and second-order models. The second-order model was more suitable than the other. While P(DDMA-co-Meu) gel swelled in linalool exhibits a Fickian diffusion character, the diffusion mechanism of the gel in methyl eugenol is a non-Fickian one. In the case of P(DDMA-co-Mch), the result is vice versa.     

Rigidity and curvature estimates for graphical self-shrinkers

Self-shrinkers are hypersurfaces that shrink homothetically under mean curvature flow; these solitons model the singularities of the flow. It is presently known that an entire self-shrinking graph must be a hyperplane. In this paper we show that the hyperplane is rigid in an even stronger sense, namely: for \(2\le n \le 6\), any smooth, complete self-shrinker \(\Sigma ^n\subset \mathbf {R}^{n+1}\) that is graphical inside a large, but compact, set must be a hyperplane. In fact, this rigidity holds within a larger class of almost stable self-shrinkers. A key component of this paper is the procurement of linear curvature estimates for almost stable shrinkers, and it is this step that is responsible for the restriction on n. Our methods also yield uniform curvature bounds for translating solitons of the mean curvature flow.