热敏电阻温度计的设计与制作

本文介绍了设计性实验“热敏电阻的设计与制作”的实施情况。说明了只要选题合适、要求恰当,设计性实验不仅可行,而且对物理实验训练的总结提高十分有效。     

一维链状配位聚合物[Ca(L)2·(CH3OH)2]n的合成、结构及热稳定性

The coordination polymer [Ca(L)₂·(CH₃OH)₂]_n (HL=N-phenylanthranilic acid) (1) was synthesized by the reaction of calcium perchlorate with N-phenylanthranilic acid in the CH₃OH/H₂O. It was characterized by elemental analysis, IR, thermal analysis and X-ray single crystal structure analysis. The crystal of the title complex [Ca(L)₂·(CH₃OH)₂]_n belongs to triclinic, space group P1 with a=0.751 5(3) nm, b=1.079 6(4) nm, c=1.629 5(6) nm, α=83.547(5)°, β=89.001(6)°, γ=72.257(5)°, V=1.251 0(8) nm³, Z=2, D_c=1.403 Mg·m^-3, F(000)=556, and final R₁=0.066 8, wR₂=0.140 4. The complex comprises a seven-coordinated calcium(Ⅱ) center, with a O₇ distorted pengonal bipyramidal coordination environment. Adjacent Ca(Ⅱ) ions are bridged by N-phenylanthranilicate groups, resulting in a 1D chain structure. The adjacent Ca…Ca distances are 0.382 8 nm and 0.384 6 nm. Furthermore, the molecules are connected by hydrogen bonds to form two dimensional layered structure. CCDC: 652445.     

2D氢键网状Mg(Ⅱ)配合物的合成和晶体结构

The title complex [Mg(H₂O)₆]·(L)·(H₂O) [L=2-formyl-benzenesulfonate-hydrazine] was synthesized by the reaction of magnesium chloride hexahydrate with 2-formyl-benzenesulfonic acid sodium-hydrazine in the CH₃CH₂OH/H₂O. It was characterized by elemental analysis, IR and X-ray single crystal structure analysis. The crystal of the title complex [Mg(H₂O)₆]·(C₁₄H₁₂N₂O₇S₂)·(H₂O) belongs to triclinic, space group P1 with a=0.781 09(12) nm, b=0.781 27(13) nm, c=0.995 68(19) nm, α=102.054(2)°, β=92.331 0(10)°, γ=105.500(2)°, V=0.569 59(17) nm³, Z=1, D_c=1.559 Mg·m^-3, μ=0.334 mm^-1, F(000)=280, and final R₁=0.033 9, wR₂=0.091 6. The complex comprises a six-coordinated magnesium(Ⅱ) center, with a O₆ distorted octahedron coordination environment. The molecules are connected by hydrogen bonds to form two dimensional network structures. CCDC: 716601.     

水杨醛缩对氨基苯磺酸Ca(Ⅱ)配合物的合成和晶体结构

The title complex Ca(L)₂(H₂O)₅ [HL=salicylaldehyde-4-aminobenzene sulfonic acid] was synthesized by the reaction of calcium perchlorate with salicylaldehyde-4-aminobenzene sulfonic acid in the CH₃CH₂OH/H₂O. It was characterized by elemental analysis， IR and X-ray diffraction single crystal structure analysis. The crystal of the title complex [Ca(H₂O)₅(C₁₃H₁₀NO₄S)₂] belongs to orthorhombic， space group Pca2₁ with a=1.162 47(18) nm， b=0.725 91(10) nm， c=3.516 3(3) nm， V=2.967 3(7) nm³， Z=4， D_c=1.528 Mg·m^-3， μ=4.22 mm^-1， F(000)=1 424， and final R₁=0.044 2， wR₂=0.098 3. The complex comprises a seven-coordinated calcium(Ⅱ) center， with a O₇ distorted pengonal bipyramidal coordination environment. The molecules are connected by hydrogen bonds to form two dimensional layered structure. CCDC: 658852.     

3-乙氧基水杨醛缩N，N-双(3-胺基丙烷)-甲基氨Zn(Ⅱ)配合物的合成、晶体结构及荧光性质

The reaction of 3-ethoxysalicylaldehyde-N,N-bis(3-aminopropyl)methylamine with Zn(Ⅱ) acetate in CH₃CH₂OH followed by recrystallization in CH₃CH₂OH gave rise to colourless block crystals of 3-ethoxysali-cylaldehyde-N,N-bis(3-aminopropyl)methylamine Zn(Ⅱ). The compound has been characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectrum, molar conductivity and X-ray diffraction structure determination single crystal. It crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P2₁/c with a=1.028 91(13) nm, b=1.400 35(12) nm, c=1.733 69(19) nm, V=2.476 6(5) nm³, Z=4, M_r=504.91, D_c=1.354 g·cm^-3, T=298(2) K, F(000)=1 064, μ(Mo Kα)=0.102 7 cm-1, R=0.068 4 and wR=0.185 3 for 2 940 observed reflections with I>2σ(I). The fluorescence properties of ligand and the complex also have been investigated. The results show that the fluorescence intensity of the Zn(Ⅱ) complex is very stronger than the ligand. In the crystal, the molecules form 1D chain structure by π-π stacking. CCDC: 675010.     

16-n-16型双子表面活性剂稳定纳米金的制备及其催化性能

双子表面活性剂由于其特殊的两亲结构可以作为纳米金颗粒(AuNPs)的表面稳定剂,但双子表面活性剂结构中的连接基团对AuNPs的粒径大小及稳定性有显著影响。本文制备了16-n-16(n=2,3,4和6)型双子表面活性剂稳定的金纳米溶胶,考察了体系pH对AuNPs稳定性的影响,并测试了其对4-硝基苯酚加氢还原体系的催化效果。结果表明,16-4-16和16-3-16对AuNPs的稳定性效果较好,所制备的AuNPs中,16-3-16-AuNPs在不同pH的环境中稳定性最好,而16-4-16-AuNPs在4-硝基苯酚加氢还原反应中的催化活性最佳。     

双子表面活性剂修饰金纳米流体的制备及稳定性

以双子表面活性剂丁烷-1,4(N-十四烷基-N,N-二甲基)溴化铵为表面修饰剂,石油醚/正丁醇为溶剂,抗坏血酸为还原剂,在不同温度条件下一步法分别得到油基-金纳米流体和水基-金纳米流体.对纳米流体中悬浮纳米金属颗粒的形貌、粒径、光谱性质等进行了表征.结果表明,p H=7~8的冰水浴条件下制得的纳米金颗粒具有亲油性,粒径均一且分散稳定性较好.采用紫外光谱法分别考察了极性有机溶剂和热作用对油基-金纳米流体稳定性的影响.结果表明,极性有机溶剂添加量超过30%(体积分数)时,对纳米流体稳定性的影响显著;随着热处理温度的升高,纳米流体中分散的纳米金颗粒的稳定时间逐渐缩短.     

3-乙氧基水杨醛缩N,N-双(3-胺基丙烷)-甲基氨Zn(Ⅱ)配合物的合成、晶体结构及荧光性质

The reaction of 3-ethoxysalicylaldehyde-N,N-bis (3-aminopropyl)methylamine with Zn (Ⅱ) acetate in CH3CH2OH followed by recrystallization in CH3CH2OH gave rise to colourless block crystals of 3-ethoxysalicylaldehyde-N,N-bis(3-aminopropyl)methylamine Zn(Ⅱ). The compound has been characterized by elemental analysis,IR spectrum, molar conductivity and X-ray diffraction structure determination single crystal. It crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/c with a=1.028 91(13) nm, b=1.400 35(12) nm, c=1.733 69(19) nm, V=2.476 6(5) nm3, Z=4, Mr=504.91, Dc= 1.354 g. cm-3, T=298(2) K, F(000)= 1 064,μ(Mo Kα)=0.102 7 cm-1, R =0.068 4 and wR =0.185 3for 2 940 observed reflections with I＞2σ(Ⅰ). The fluorescence properties of ligand and the complex also have been investigated. The results show that the fluorescence intensity of the Zn(Ⅱ) complex is very stronger than the ligand. In the crystal, the molecules form 1D chain structure by π-π stacking. CCDC: 675010.