气相色谱法测定硅烷法生产多晶硅的尾气中硅烷的含量

<正>近年来,由于国内外大型多晶硅生产企业的不断扩张,使得多晶硅由过去的暴利阶段进入了品质和成本的竞争阶段。硅烷法生产多晶硅具有分解温度低、能耗低、成本低、无污染等优点,被越来越多的多晶硅生产企业关注和应用。不论是国外大型多晶硅生产厂家的成熟发展,还是目前国内硅烷法生产多晶硅的逐步发展的趋势,这些都表明硅烷法是未来多晶硅产业技术提升与发展的主要方向。     

面向未来的氧化铝生产技术及基础研究

分析了我国氧化铝工业的生产技术和基础理论研究现状,探讨了面向未来的氧化铝生产技术及基础理论研究,指出氧化铝生产技术的发展方向一方面在于加快推广已有的强化、优化氧化铝生产过程的技术和节能降耗、降低成本的重大成果,另一方面,在于加快研究开发氧化铝生产新工艺新技术;氧化铝生产过程的基础理论研究的重点是为进一步简化生产流程、提高效率、降低生产能耗、优化指标提供理论支持和技术支撑.     

氢能体系概要

一、引言无论是日常生活还是从事生产活动,人们时刻不能离开能源。随着生产的发展、社会的进步,人们所消费的能源也愈益增多。可以说     

有机合成化学工业主要原料及用途简介

有机合成工业的主要原料为煤、天然气、石油加工废气、电石及农业副产品等,这些原料在我国均拥有丰富的原料资源,而且水力发电发展后,又可以有非常廉价的电力,对于发展有机合成化学工业,更有十分有利的条件。有机合成工业是由上述的最基本原料生产一系列的化学产品(中间产品),从这一系列的化学产品中可按各种生产系统生产塑料、合成纤维、合成橡胶、溶剂、洗涤剂、油漆等重要产品。     

《分析化学丛书》将陆续出版

分析化学是表征与测量的科学,分析监测是生产和科学研究的“眼睛”。分析化学涉及国民经济及人民生活的各个方面,现已成为当代应用面最广,从业人员最多,发展最快的学科之一。现代科学技术的发展,生产、科学研究的需要,对     

谈谈氯化汞生产中的辩证法

自然界是辩证发展的,人类对自然界的斗争——生产活动也是辩证发展的。我们厂氯化汞的生产过程就充满着辩证法。氯化汞是一种剧毒的白色粉末,致死量为0.2—0.4克。以前,我厂把它作为化学试剂,每年进行少量生产。但是,随着我国塑料工业蓬勃兴起,作为塑料工业的催化剂,对氯化汞的需求急剧增加。通过无产阶级文化大革命,同志们批判了“专家治厂”、“技术第一”的修正主义路线,坚持抓革命、促生产的正确方针,以毛主席的哲学思想为武器,充分发挥人的主观能动性,大搞技术革新、技术革命,实现了连续生产和半自动化操作,使我厂氯化汞产量不断提高,为发展塑料工业做出了应有的贡献。     

现代快速自动化分析实验室进展

随着科学技术的快速发展,人们对实验室的认识也由浅到深。实验室逐步由小型化转化为大型化,由手动操作转变为智能化,甚至是全自动化操作。实现了实验室的全自动智能化管理,并可作为生产过程控制的重要组成部分和主要环节,以满足现代化大生产对生产过程控制、样品分析的快速、高可靠性要求,最大限度地提高生产效率。实验室由初期手工操作的各种简单的样品制备、物理性能测试、基本的化学分析,慢慢发展为简     

优化产品性能是当前合成橡胶科技发展中的热点

本世纪80年代以来,合成橡胶生产增长速度减慢,唯有乙丙橡胶、热塑性弹性体和羧基胶乳的生产增长较快。合成橡胶科技发展的重点是不断改善原有产品的使用性能,应用和发展70年代以来拥有的各种改性新技术。开发一系列众多的高性能新产品。本文叙述了合成橡胶一些传统品种改进内在质量的主要技术途径,概括阐明了迅速发展中的热塑性弹性体和各种化学、物理改性技术的特征,展望了90年代合成橡胶科技发展的方向。     

电解银催化剂及其在甲醛和乙醛生产上的应用

我国甲醛生产原来采用浮石银催化剂,乙醛生产原来采用银丝网和浮石银的混合催化剂。由于这些催化剂活性较差,制备或活化过程又产生对人体有害的气体,因此已不能适应生产发展的需要。近年来,我们根据生产上的要求,经过反复试验,研制成功了电解银催化剂,并先后将这种新催化剂应用于甲醛生产和乙醛生产,使我国的甲、乙醛生产达到高效低耗的新水平。本文报导电解银催化剂的特点及其应用于甲醛生产和乙醛生产所取得的主要成果。     

“第五届全国高速分析学术交流(研讨)会”论文征集

随着我国经济生产的快速发展,为更好地开展高速分析新技术、新理论、新方法研究,不断推动高速分析技术及其自动化仪器的进步、提高高速分析技术服务于经济生产发展的能力和水平,中国分析仪器学会高速分析专业委员会、无锡市英之诚高速分析仪器有限责任公司拟定于2015年第二季度联合组织召开"第五届全国高速分析学术交流(研讨)     

硅表面活性剂增强的双网络耐高温多孔有机硅弹性体

采用聚醚改性三硅氧烷表面活性剂、 丙烯酸酯改性硅油和水3种组分制备了稳定的油包水(W/O)乳液, 经酸碱催化水解、 紫外引发聚合和干燥除水过程得到了双网络多孔有机硅弹性体. 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析结果表明, 所制备的有机硅弹性体具有丰富的孔径结构分布. 压缩强度测试结果表明, 弹性体具备良好的耐压缩性能, 45%压缩应变下循环50次, 仍具备良好的回弹性能. 有机硅弹性体具有优异的耐高温性能, 分解温度为370 ℃, 高于绝大多数多孔有机硅弹性体材料的分解温度. 丙烯酸酯改性硅油的制备工艺成熟、 廉价易得, 显著降低了多孔有机硅弹性体的生产成本, 为规模性开发有机硅材料提供了新的思路和应用前景.     

四丁基氢氧化鏻(TBPH)的制备及其催化性质

有机硅氧烷聚合成硅油和硅橡胶所用的瞬时催化剂在完成聚合后,适当升高温度即可分解,失去催化活性,否则催化剂的存在会在升温时引起高聚物的分解,目前均以四甲基氢氧化铵为瞬时催化剂,其受热(约130℃)后可分解生成甲醇和三甲胺：     

Visual research filler network structure in polymer composites and its structure-activity relationship by fluorescent labeling and LSCM

For organic-inorganic composite materials, the spatial dispersion of inorganic fillers in the organic matrix is of great significance for designing and manufacturing high-performance composite materials. To improve the understanding of the micro-physical mechanism of the filler-reinforced polymer matrix, we studied the relationship between filler network structure and macro-mechanical properties of silicone rubber by using fluorescent labeling technology and three-dimensional (3D) visualization imaging. The experimental results showed that a good filler network structure in the polymer matrix can more effectively dissipate external mechanical energy, which generate a visible mechanical strengthening effect. Additionally, this visualization method truly reflects the macrodispersion of the filler and the evolution of the filler network structure under dynamic stress due to its non-invasive and intuitive characteristics, which provides new theoretical guidance for the design of high-performance composites.     

PREPARATION AND STUDY ON SILICONE ACRYLATE MICRO-EMULSION OF MULTIPOLYMER

A silicone acr3,1ate micro-emulsion of multipolymer was prepared by seed emulsion polymeri.Tation. The effects of polymerization process, emulsifier rate and amount, initiator rate and amounl, polymerization temperalure, functional monomers, titration time on performances of emulsion have been discussed in detail.     

Thermal Oxidative Degradation and Ageing Performance of Silicone Rubber Filled with Attapulgite

The natural attapulgite (NAPT) was disaggregated by high-pressure homogenization technology combined with extrusion process to prepare the attapulgite with disaggregated rod crystal bundles (DAPT) and large specific surface area of 133.7 m²/g. NAPT and DAPT were incorporated into the silicone rubber to obtain the composite NAPT-SR and DAPT-SR by mechanical blending method, respectively. After thermal oxidative ageing at 300 ℃ for 0.5 h, temperature for the 5% weight loss increased greatly from 385 ℃ of the neat silicone rubber to 396℃ - 399 ℃ with addition of NAPT and DAPT. NAPT and DAPT enhanced the interaction between the filler nanoparticles and rubber matrix thus inhibited the nanoparticle agglomeration. The conservation rate of the side methyl group in NAPT-SR and DAPT-SR was greatly improved after ageing. Therefore, the thermal oxidative degradation and ageing performance of the silicone rubber composites was significantly reinforced. Moreover, DAPT could greatly restrain the growth of nanoparticles after ageing. Therefore, DAPT-SR showed the better retention of tensile strength (40.6%), elongation at break (34.9%) and tear strength (30.1%) compared with the corresponding mechanical properties of the neat silicone rubber (10.6%, 7.4%, and 5.0%) after ageing.     

PREPARATION AND STUDY ON SILICONE ACRYLATE MICRO-EMULSION OF MULTIPOLYMER

1. INTRODUCTION The silicone acrylate emulsion with excellent weather resistance, contamination resistance and water resistance is applied widely. The majority of silicone acrylate emulsion is ordinary emulsion, larger particle size. If the particle size of emulsion is larger, the compactability and smoothness of its film formation becomes more defective. The micro-emulsion is a kind of emulsion with 10~100nm particle size, transparent or semitransparent disperse system with favorabl…     

Formation of reverse vesicles in silicone surfactant systems

This study deals with the formation of reverse vesicles based on the phase behavior of silicone surfactants. The surfactants, polyoxyethylene–polydimethylsiloxane and polyoxyethylene–polyoxypropylene–polydimethylsiloxane copolymer, were found to form lamellar liquid crystal phases in three different types of silicone oil upon the addition of a certain amount of water. A conventional method in which reverse vesicles are prepared by physically dispersing this lamellar liquid crystal phase in oil was employed in addition to a technique based on a temperature-induced phase transition. The particle sizes and stabilities of the resulting reverse vesicles were evaluated.     

氨基硅油的合成

本文用丙烯胺与含氢硅油加成法合成了氨中和当量为６００—１４００的氨基改性硅油。在研究了反应温度，滴胺时间，催化剂用量，投料比及持续保温反应时间等五个条件的改变对产品的影响基础上，得出最佳反应条件。     

Silicone-modified starch/protein microparticles: protecting biopolymers with a hydrophobic coating

Silicone-coated starch/protein (human serum albumin, HSA) microparticles were prepared by precipitation of a starch/HSA/DMSO/water (water-in-oil) emulsion into acetone containing a silicone: the silicone polymer was either unfunctionalized (SiMe₃ terminated, PDMS) or functionalized at its termini with Si(OEt)₃ groups (TES-PDMS). The microparticles of approximate diameter 2–7 μm were highly hydrophobic with advancing contact angles 115°. Over several minutes, however, the contact angle decreased to ca. 40–70°. Soxhlet extraction with water led to degradation of the microparticles, irrespective of the nature of their silicone coating, as evidenced by release of the protein from them. Intraperitoneal (IP) or gastric administration of the two different particles to mice, however, showed a clear difference between the two silicones. The microparticles coated with either PDMS or TES-PDMS led to very different immune responses. Oral administration of the microparticles prepared with functionalized silicone elicited a significant production of antibodies, whereas the particles prepared with the unfunctionalized silicone (PDMS) were only weakly active. By contrast, the IP results demonstrated that particles coated with PDMS elicited an immune response that was established much more rapidly than with the particles modified with TES-PDMS. It is proposed that the TES-PDMS forms a physically adhering film or covalent bond to the protein molecules, which serves to protect the microparticle from biological degradation in the gut and/or facilitates the microparticle/protein interaction with the immune system.     

膜反应器中萘普生甲酯的动态拆分

在碱催化连续原位消旋条件下,利用CRL脂肪酶（Candida rugosa lipase）催化的萘普生甲酯立体选择性水解反应。动态拆分制备（S）－普生。使用硫水硅橡胶膜隔离生物催化拆分反应和碱催化消旋反应,解决了常规动态拆分反应中生物催化剂难以承受原位化学消旋苛刻反应条件的难题。为了利于从水－有机溶剂乳化体系中分离产物和克服产物抑制,将亲水半透膜引入搅拌罐反应器,在该膜反应器中进行动态拆分反应。当转化率超过60％时,产物（S）－萘普生的对映体过量值（eep)仍在96％以上,在反应过程中还发现CRL脂肪酶同工酶的转化。