铌酸液相催化酯化

首次以丙酸与乙醇的酯化反应为探针反应,探索了铌酸液相催化合成丙酸乙酯的适宜条件.在优化条件下,酯收率达91.5%.     

十二烷基磺酸铁催化合成丙酸正丁酯

以十二烷基磺酸铁催化合成了丙酸正丁酯。实验结果表明最佳反应条件为：丙酸100mmol，n(丙酸)：n(正丁醇)=1．0：1．2，十二烷基磺酸铁0．8g(约1．0mmol)，带水剂环己烷6mL，回流分水60min，酯化率94．6％。催化剂重复使用5次仍保持较高活性。     

活性炭固载磷钨酸催化合成丙酸丙酯

用活性碳固载磷钨酸催化剂合成了丙酸丙酯，考察了磷钨酸固载量、催化剂用量、醇酸摩尔比、反应温度、反应时间、带水剂用量对酯化反应的影响。在优化条件(催化固载量30．0％、催化剂用量2．5g/0．2mol丙酸、醇酸摩尔比1．2：1、反应温度110--116℃、反应时问2．51h、带水剂环己烷用量10mL下反应，丙酸丙酯收率为95．8％，催化剂可重复使用。     

用环境友好催化剂俣成丙酸苄酯的研究

应用环境友好催化剂H－β沸石催化苯甲醇与丙酸的酯化反应,合成了丙酯苄酯。研究结果表明,H－β沸石 具有较高的催化活性。考察了苯甲醇／丙酸摩尔比、催化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间和带水剂环己烷用量对酯产率的影响。在典型反应条件（苯甲醇／丙酸摩尔比＝1.15:1、10.5gH－β沸石/摩尔丙酸、反应温度160℃ 、反应时间3.5h和20mL环己烷／摩尔丙酸）下,所得丙酸苄酯的产率为77％,该催化剂易于回收且可重复使用,具有良好的活性稳定性,并研究了用某些金属阳离子改性的β沸石的催化活性。     

铑催化乙酸乙酯羰基化合成丙酸的研究

以乙酸乙酯为原料,在金属铑催化下与一氧化碳进行羰基化反应,生成丙酸。研究了碘化物添加剂和反应条件对丙酸产率的影响。由于避免了乙醇在酸性条件下的酯化和分子间脱水等副反应,丙酸产率显著提高。乙酸乙酯羰基化具有与甲醇羰基化相似的动力学行为。碘化物添加剂的加入能有效提高反应速率和丙酸选择性。通过优化反应条件,丙酸产率大于95%。     

β—三氯锡基丙酸酯配合物和乙醇的酯交换反应研究

β—三氯锡基丙酸酯配合物和乙醇的酯交换反应研究田来进，田君廉，傅芳信（山东曲阜师大化学系曲阜２７３１６５）（东北师大化学系１３００２４）关键词：β－三氯锡基丙酸酯，配合物，酯交换反应β－三氯锡基丙酸酯是一类新型的聚氯乙烯热稳定剂中间体，其配合物可望具...     

聚苯乙烯二乙醇胺树脂催化合成丙酸苄酯的研究

应用聚苯乙烯二乙醇胺树脂（PSDEA）催化苄氯与丙酸的酯化反应，合成了丙 酸苄酯。研究结果表明，聚苯乙烯二乙醇胺树脂具有较高的催化活性。考察了丙酸 ／苄氯摩尔比、催化剂用量和反应时间对酯产率的影响，在典型反应条件（丙酸： 苄氯摩尔比＝1．25：1，16．7gPSDEA／摩尔苄氯，80℃浴温，反应4．0h）下，所 得丙酸苄酯的产率为95．5％，该催化剂易于回收且可重复使用、具有良好的活性 稳定性。     

硫酸高铈催化合成丙酸苄酯

以结晶硫酸高铈为催化剂对丙酸苄酯的合成进行了研究，考察了反应时间、催化剂用量、醇酸摩尔比和带水剂等因素对反应的影响，结果表明，在最佳反应条件下，酯化率在85％以上。     

Ni-Zn/C催化剂上乙醇气相羰基化

对镍催化剂上常压下乙醇气相羰基化合丙酸及丙酸乙酯进行了研究，结果发现，Ｎｉ－Ｚｎ／Ｃ催化剂比Ｎｉ／Ｃ具有更高的活性与选择性，实验对催化剂中Ｎｉ及Ｚｎ含量进行了优化，Ｎｉ含量５％，Ｚｎ含量３．５％时最佳，考察了反应温度对产物分布的影响，结果表明２５０℃为最佳反应温度，采用程序升温脱附技术（ＴＰＤ）对促进剂碘乙烷在活性炭，Ｎｉ／Ｃ，Ｚｎ／Ｃ及Ｎｉ－Ｚｎ／Ｃ上的行为进行了考察。实验结果表明，乙醇的甲烷化     

阴离子型聚氨酯水乳液的合成I.2,2-二羟甲基丙酸与2,6-甲苯二异氰酸酯反应动力学研究

采用二正丁胺法及ＦＴＩＲ法研究了合成阴离子型聚氨酯水乳液的核心反应，２，２－二羟甲基丙酸与２，６－甲苯二异氰酸酯的反应动力学，获得了相关的反应活化能工提出了反应动力学模型。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).