长期规律耕作土壤腐殖质的高分辨核磁共振研究

利用高分辨核磁共振波谱技术对来自长期规律耕作土壤中的腐殖质进行研究，根据所测核磁共振谱粗略探讨了土壤腐殖质的化学基团组成，及不同耕作模式对土壤腐殖质化学基团构成的影响，及部分土壤腐殖质化学基团之间的偶联关系。     

大肠杆菌代谢物组成的核磁共振分析

为了认识重要模式生物大肠杆菌的内源性代谢物组成,本研究综合使用一维和二维高分辨核磁共振波谱技术,系统测定了大肠杆菌的代谢物种类和含量.结果表明:核磁共振方法可检测到分别来自多个代谢途径的氨基酸、有机羧酸、糖类、核苷及其衍生物等40多种高丰度代谢物.葡萄糖是稳定期大肠杆菌中含量最丰富的物质;谷氨酸、甜菜碱、腐胺和核糖-5...     

白酒中氢键缔合作用的模型研究

一、引言陈酿过的白酒一个突出的特点是口感柔和,回味绵长,这是与白酒中氢键的缔合作用直接有关系的。本文用高分辨 H~1核磁共振技术研究了在白酒浓度范围乙醇-水混合体系的核磁共振波谱特性,观察了在贮存过程中氢键缔合状态的变化,研究氢键缔合作用的平衡条件,探讨白酒的最佳陈酿期。     

高分辨魔角核磁共振技术(HR/MAS)在固相合成中的应用

九十年代初发展的高分辨魔角核磁共振技术直接用于跟踪固相合成反应,提供固载化化合物的结构信息.该技术采用魔角旋转消除非均相溶液中磁化率不同而造成的谱线加宽[1].     

固体高分辨核磁共振法在高分子研究中的应用

近年发展起来的固体高分辨核磁共振(NMR)方法在化学中的应用越来越广。其中一个很重要方面是用于研究难熔高聚物。所谓固体高分辨NMR方法包括:高功率质子去耦、魔角转动样品、交叉极化及多脉冲     

~(13)C NMR方法研究固体高分子中的结构、取向和分子运动及其相关性

高分辨液体核磁共振谱(NMR)的线宽一般<1Hz,它提供了关于天然和合成高分子结构,构象,组成和序列结构等的详尽的知识,因此,对于化学家来说NMR已经成了不可缺少的的结构分析手段。多维高分辨谱技术的发展,人们甚至已经可以获得复杂的蛋白质分子在溶液中的空间立体构象,并为揭示生物大分子的结构和功能的关系起到了重     

核磁共振波谱的自旋去偶技术及其在化学结构研究上的应用

核磁共振波谱在研究化学结构中占有重要的地位。在高分辨的核磁共振波谱中,磁性核之间的自旋-自旋偶合作用往往会使谱线复杂化。一方面,可以利用自旋-自旋偶合作用来确定一些化合物的结构;另一方面,由于谱线的复杂化,使得分析复杂化合物的核磁共振谱发生困难。借助于自旋去偶技术可以解决核磁共振中很多疑难问题,使核磁共振的研究工作更深入一步。因此,它是核磁共振波谱学发展中的一门重要的研究技术。必须区别两种不同的自旋-自旋偶合情况,即同一类核之间的自旋-自旋偶合(例如质子之间的偶合)和不同类核之间的偶合(例如质子同     

^13C—NMR研究环氧乙烷—环氧丙烷无规共聚物的序列结构

利用高分辨核磁共振谱仪研究了环氧乙烷－环氧丙烷均聚物和无规共聚物的核磁共振主链碳谱。在对其链结构进行有效归属的基础上，讨论了不同配比聚合物的僚共振主链碳谱特点及其可能的单元链节排列顺序。     

5-[β-(2-羟苯基)丙炔酰胺基]-5-去氧腺苷的合成

为寻找新型的抗结核化合物,合成了核苷类化合物5-[β-(2-羟苯基)丙炔酰胺基]-5-去氧腺苷。以邻碘苯酚为原料,经过Sonogashira、缩合等一系列反应合成了该新化合物,并优化了合成反应的条件。其结构经过红外、核磁共振和高分辨质谱测试技术确证。     

α-氨基膦酸酯衍生物的合成及其表征

合成了一系列N端含有均三唑并噻二唑的α-氨基膦酸酯衍生物, 其结构经过红外、核磁共振氢谱、磷谱、质谱和高分辨质谱等确证.     

高硅FAU沸石与甲胺吸附物的相互作用

合成高硅沸石中所用的模板剂胺类分子与沸石骨架 Si—O基团间的相互作用机理尚不清楚 .迄今为止 ,沸石与吸附胺之间的相互作用的研究还只限于测定沸石酸性质 [1,2 ]、表面羟基活性位或了解模板分子在沸石骨架中的位置和状态 [3,4 ] .甲胺、乙胺在骨架完美的高硅 FAU(Y型 )沸石上的亲和性指数 AT 值 ,即被吸附有机物脱附峰温与该有机物的沸点之差分别高达 1 60与 1 5 0℃[5] .而在高硅 MFI(Silicalite-1 )沸石上为 1 60与 1 2 7℃ [6 ] .与大多数有机物不同 ,被吸附的胺类脱附时的吸热效应十分明显 .上述现象表明胺与高硅沸石骨架 O2 -…     

Combining High-Pressure Perturbation with NMR Spectroscopy for a Structural and Dynamical Characterization of Protein Folding Pathways

High-hydrostatic pressure is an alternative perturbation method that can be used to destabilize globular proteins. Generally perfectly reversible, pressure exerts local effects on regions or domains of a protein containing internal voids, contrary to heat or chemical denaturant that destabilize protein structures uniformly. When combined with NMR spectroscopy, high pressure (HP) allows one to monitor at a residue-level resolution the structural transitions occurring upon unfolding and to determine the kinetic properties of the process. The use of HP-NMR has long been hampered by technical difficulties. Owing to the recent development of commercially available high-pressure sample cells, HP-NMR experiments can now be routinely performed. This review summarizes recent advances of HP-NMR techniques for the characterization at a quasi-atomic resolution of the protein folding energy landscape.     

Purification and analysis of partially alkylated cyclodextrins by liquid and gas chromatography

Complex mixtures of partially alkylated cyclodextrins can be analyzed by both HPLC and high temperature capillary GC. Because of the limited efficiency of LC, suitable analytical and preparative separations can be achieved only with systems of carefully optimized selectivity. Using LC it has been possible to isolate and purify single cyclodextrin species from very complex mixtures of components which contain unreacted hydroxyl groups in addition to the alkoxy groups. Analysis of the reaction mixtures and of fractions taken from LC separations can be performed with advantage by high resolution capillary GC at high temperatures between 300 and 400 °C. The thermal stability of partially alkylated cyclodextrins in high temperature GC is considerably increased by trimethylsilylation of the free hydroxyl groups. Fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry and proton NMR were used to identify species isolated from the preparative LC separations.     

Structure Identification of Aporphine Alkaloids by On‐Line Coupling of HPLC‐NMR with Loop Storage

The potential of coupling HPLC separation methodology to on‐line high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been demonstrated with a mixture of nine aporphine alkaloids. A loop storage procedure after separation has facilitated the identification of closely eluted peaks (α = k₂/k₁ = 1.01 and Δv = 0.37 min = 367 μL). These were collected off‐line and identified by a 1D ¹H NMR spectrum. For this purpose an automated procedure has been implemented which includes the use of shaped pulses, multiple solvents suppression and ¹³C satellite suppression of acetonitrile.     

Regio- and stereoselective hydrosilylation of immobilized terminal alkynes

Regio- and stereoselective hydrosilylation of terminal alkynes on solid support using diisopropyl hydrosilanes yielding β-(E)-vinyl silanes with excellent selectivity is reported. The hydrosilylation is catalyzed by Pt(DVDS)/P(ⁱBuNCH₂CH₂)₃N (DVDS = 1,3-divinyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-disiloxane), in which the bulky proazaphosphatrane ligand plays a key role for the selectivity. The immobilized products are characterized with gel phase¹³C NMR and ¹H high resolution magic angle spinning NMR.     

Approaches to dioxin analysis by HRGC-HRMS and hybrid HRGC-MS-MS

A hybrid mass spectrometer with an EBQQ configuration was used to investigate two approaches to trace dioxin analysis: high resolution gas chromatography – high resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC-HRMS) and high resolution gas chromatography – mass spectrometry – mass spectrometry (HRGC-MS-MS). It is shown that selected ion monitoring (SIM) HRGC-HRMS exhibits better selectivity for dioxins separated on a cyanopropyl column than is otherwise obtained under medium resolution mass spectrometry (3,000 resolution), while optimization of conditions for HRGC-MS-MS allowed the observation of 350 femtograms of the highly toxic 2,3,7,8-TCDF at a S/N ratio of 5:1. Both methods were applied to environmental samples with good results.     

用C-1 3核磁共振谱测定高聚物中微量异种结构单元的探讨

通过高低工作频率的高分辩率核磁共振谱仪（型号分别为GX-400和FX-90Q）对含有不同微量异种结构单元的聚乙烯样品作了^13C谱测量和比较分析;结果表明^13C谱在较高磁场频率（100.4MHz)条件下可检测灵敏度达到0.5个支化点/10000个碳原子（0.5/10000C);而较低磁场频率（22.5MHz)只达到1个支化点/1000个碳原子（1/1000C）以上;综合分析所得结果,指出在用电磁体系列（谱仪频率一般为90MHz或100MHz)核磁共振谱仪检测高分子量物质时,应注意有遗漏1/1000C以下浓度结构的可能性;分析了^13C谱可检测灵敏度与磁场强度等因素的关系,得到了可检测灵敏度S/N与磁场强度（H0）间比较适合的关系式。     

新型P,N-配体的合成及其在钯催化碳-氮键偶联反应中的应用

以三苯基膦为母体骨架,设计合成了在苯环上连有环状仲胺取代基的五种新型P,N-配体(L1～L5),利用核磁共振谱(1H,13C,31p)、红外光谱、高分辨质谱和X射线单晶衍射等对配体进行了表征,并将它们应用于Pd催化的C-N键偶联反应中.结果表明,三(2-吗啉基苯基)膦(L5)与三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(Pd2(dba)3...     

Microcellobospotia grisea中具有强抗肿瘤活性多糖重复单元中心片断的合成

通过应用三氟乙酸酯法和Koenigs-Knorr方法，对Microcellobospotia grisea中具有强抗肿瘤活性多糖重复单元中心二糖片断进行了合成研究，并经元素分析，IR，^1H，^1^3C-NMR，^1H～^1H COSY及FAB-MS确证了合成得到的二糖片断10～13的结构。     

Partial‐Homogeneity‐Based Two‐Dimensional High‐Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy under Inhomogeneous Magnetic Fields

High‐resolution multidimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy serves as an irreplaceable and versatile tool in various chemical investigations. In this study, a method based on the concept of partial homogeneity is developed to offer two‐dimensional (2D) high‐resolution NMR spectra under inhomogeneous fields. Oscillating gradients are exerted to encode the high‐resolution information, and a field‐inhomogeneity correction algorithm based on pattern recognition is designed to recover high‐resolution spectra. Under fields where inhomogeneity primarily distributes along a single orientation, the proposed method will improve performances of 2D NMR spectroscopy without increasing the experimental duration or significant loss in sensitivity, and thus may open important perspectives for studies of inhomogeneous chemical systems.