共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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聚烯烃纳米复合材料为聚烯烃材料带来广阔的性能提升空间,其研究开发工作引起了人们的广泛关注。聚烯烃共价键接枝纳米材料在制备高性能聚烯烃纳米复合材料方面有重要应用。接枝聚烯烃提高了纳米材料与聚烯烃基体之间的相容性,提供良好的界面作用力,从而有效促进纳米材料在聚烯烃基体中均匀分散、极大提高了聚烯烃纳米复合材料的相关性能。三种途径可以用来制备聚烯烃共价键接枝纳米材料:Graft-onto、Graft-from、Graft-through。Graft-onto方法是端基或侧基功能化聚烯烃与纳米材料表面活性基团或碳结构进行接枝反应的过程。由于功能化聚烯烃具有高度反应活性且方便得到,Graft-onto方法占据了制备聚烯烃共价键接枝纳米材料的主流。Graft-from和Graft-through方法中聚烯烃接枝过程即为烯烃聚合过程,实施较为困难,因而文献报道相对较少。本文对聚烯烃共价键接枝纳米材料的制备及其相应的聚烯烃纳米复合材料的最新研究进展进行了综述,着重讨论了聚烯烃接枝对聚烯烃纳米复合材料性能的影响。所涉及纳米材料包括二氧化硅(零维)、碳纳米管(一维)和石墨烯(二维)。 相似文献
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合成了具有不同支链长度和分布的丙烯腈接枝改性聚醚聚氨酯。对其流变行为的研究表明,体系表现出剪切应力变稀的非牛顿性流体特征。丙烯腈支链的和长度、分布状况以及测试温度等都对体系的变性产生影响。流体粘流活化能结果说明,支链亦影响了聚氨酯粘度对温度的依赖性。同时,聚氨酯的聚合反应条件也会改变体系的流变行为。 相似文献
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预氧化聚烯烃膜的表面光接枝聚合 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
将经表面热氧化的聚丙烯和聚乙烯膜在不加敏化剂的情况下,通过紫外光照射与光稳定剂甲基丙烯酸(2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶)酯进行接枝聚合,以改善膜的光稳定性。研究了各种因素,包括热氧化时间,光照射时间、单体浓度及溶剂等对表面预氧化膜的光接枝含量的影响。实验结果表明,常用的有机溶剂除酮类外均不能使膜接枝;接枝以后膜的光稳定性有很大的提高。 相似文献
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Jürgen Nagel René Brunotte Bernd Hupfer Karina Grundke Dieter Lehmann Günter Mennig 《大分子反应工程》2007,1(4):480-487
The surfaces of polyolefin parts are usually modified by separate processing steps. In this paper, we investigate how an in situ surface modification of polyolefins could be realized during molding, based on radical reactions, by which a macromolecule with functional groups is grafted to the polyolefin surface. The temperature of the melt is used to initialize the reactions. The different steps of the radical reaction chain were analyzed using model reactions. A modifier composition consisting of dibenzoylperoxide, potassium persulfate and poly(vinyl alcohol) revealed to be suitable. This composition was used for injection molding experiments. The bondability of the injection molded parts was largely enhanced.
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卟啉在纯铁表面上的化学与电化学修饰 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过在卟啉的丙酮-水溶液中循环阳极电位扫描,在工业纯铁表面形成一层修饰层.此修饰层呈淡黄色,结晶细密.与基体结合牢固,耐腐蚀性能良好.质谱分析及反射红外分析说明有铁卟啉螯合物生成.若将工业纯铁直接浸入卟啉的丙酮-水溶液中,其表面同样也可形成一层修饰膜, 此膜较之电化学修饰层疏松而厚.卟啉在纯铁表面的电化学修饰层与化学修饰膜的形成机制有着本质的不同. 相似文献
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A Comparative Simulation: Difference between Chemical Grafting and Physical Doping of Cellulose by Using Polysilsesquioxane 下载免费PDF全文
In order to study the effect of different modification methods on polysilsesquioxane (POSS) modified cellulose, a molecular dynamics method was used to establish a pure cellulose model and a series of modified models modified by polysilsesquioxane in different ways. And their thermodynamic properties were calculated. The results showed that the performance of cellulose models was better than that of unmodified model, and the modified effect was the best when two cellulose chains were grafted onto polysilsesquioxane by chemical bond (M2 model). Compared with pure cellulose model, the cohesive energy density and solubility parameters of M2 model are increased by 9%, and the values of tensile modulus, bulk modulus, shear modulus and Cauchy pressure increased by 38.6%, 29.5%, 41.1% and 29.5%, respectively. In addition, the free volume fraction and mean square displacement of each model were calculated and analyzed in this work. Compared with the pure cellulose model, the molecular chain entanglement of cellulose was increased due to the existence of the chemical bonds in the M2 model, which made the cellulose molecular chains occupy more free volume, so that the system had a smaller free volume fraction, inhibited the chain movement of cellulose chains, and thus improved the thermal stability of cellulose. 相似文献
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伴随着塑料工业、医学技术和生物技术的不断发展以及人们对健康的日益关注,医用塑料应用领域已变得越来越广泛。聚烯烃材料由于其安全无毒的特点,已经越来越多地应用在医用领域。迄今为止,聚氯乙烯在国内仍是广泛用作医用材料。基于人体健康和环境安全的考虑,采用更安全、环保的替代品是大势所趋。采用其它更安全环保的聚烯烃材料替代PVC材料的研究将是本领域的一个重要研究方向。本文综述了医用聚烯烃材料的开发和应用现状,阐述了各类聚烯烃材料的主要特点和用途,重点介绍了各类聚烯烃材料研究和开发进展,展望了医用聚烯烃材料的某些可能发展方向。 相似文献
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用TREF方法分离聚烯烃共混物 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用TREF方法分离聚烯烃共混物徐君庭,封麟先,杨士林(浙江大学高分子科学与工程学系,杭州,310027)关键词升温淋洗分级,聚烯烃,共混物升温淋洗分级(TREF)方法是80年代发展起来的,它按结晶度将聚合物分级[1],目前主要用于聚烯烃的分级[2,3... 相似文献