毛细管区带电泳法研究肾上腺素类药物的手性分离

 使用β－环糊精（β－ＣＤ）及β－ＣＤ－羧甲基（ＣＭ－β－ＣＤ）作为手性选择剂，采用毛细管区带电泳法（ＣＺＥ）对去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素和异丙肾上腺素的手性分离进行了研究。对影响这类药物手性分离的主要因素〔手性选择剂、背景电解质（ＢＧＥ）、分离体系的酸度和温度〕进行了讨论，并对手性识别机理进行了探讨。     

乳酸烷基酯在接枝聚硅氧烷β-环糊精固定相的手性拆分

采用新合成的手性接枝聚硅氧烷β－环糊精（二环「２，６－二－０－戊基－３－０－已烯基（－５）」五环「２，６－二－０－戊基－３－０－甲基」－β－ＣＤ－聚硅氧烷）固定相制备了毛细管气相色谱柱，对合成的不对称化合物乳酸烷基进行了有效的手性拆分，结果表明该固定相具有良好的手性分离能力。     

β—环糊精对D／L—酪氨酸对映体的手性识别及超分子包合物的合成

利用圆二色谱研究了β－环糊精（β－ＣＤ）对Ｄ／Ｌ酪氨酸的手性识别行为，制备出了β－ＣＤ与Ｌ－酪氨酸（Ｌ－Ｔｙｒ）的固体超分子化合物，并用元素分析、薄层分析、Ｘ射线粉末衍射及热分析对包合物进行了表征，用荧光光谱法测定了包合物的形成常数．实验结果表明，β－ＣＤ具有选择包结Ｌ－酪氨酸的特性；主客体形成１１的包合物，其组成为Ｌ－Ｔｙｒ／β－ＣＤ·１２Ｈ２Ｏ；稳定常数为５．１３×１０３Ｌ／ｍｏｌ；包合物的热稳定性比主客体皆有改善     

手性色谱固定相——全甲基化2,3,6-三(O-2′-混旋羟丙基)-β-环糊精的立体选择性研究

合成了一种新的手性色谱固定相——全甲基化２，３，６－三（Ｏ－２′－混旋羟丙基）－β－环糊精（ＰＭＲＨＰ－β－ＣＤ），以静态法将其涂于０．２５ｍｍ×１６０００ｍｍ弹性石英毛细管柱上，以醇、氨基酸、酯、卤代烃等手性化合物考察了新固定相对对映异构体的拆分能力。结果表明，新的固定相具有较高的立体选择性。     

盐酸美西律对映体的毛细管电泳分离

以β－环糊精的两种生物做为毛细管电泳手性分离添加剂，对盐酸美西律的对映体进行了拆分研究。其中，２，６－Ｏ－二甲基β－环糊精可将对映体部分拆分，而２，３，６－Ｏ－三甲基β－环糊精时，可基线分离对映体。研究了两种甲基化β－环糊精的浓度及工作电压对分离的影响。     

手性毛细管气相色谱法测定微生物产生的环氧化物的对映体组成

 在选择的修饰β－环糊精中，２，６－Ｏ－二戊基－３－Ｏ－三氟乙酰基－β环糊精（２，６－Ｏ－ＤＰ－３－Ｏ－ＴＦＡ－β－ＣＤ）是毛细管气相色谱法分离１－氯（溴）－２，３－环氧丙烷对映体较好的手性固定相，环氧丙烷对映体即使在室温下也不能拆分。由五株甲烷利用菌和一株乙烯利用菌产生的３－氯（溴）－１，２－环氧丙烷的对映体组成的测定结果表明，甲烷利用菌形成外消旋环氧化物，乙烯利用菌主要形成（Ｓ）－１－氯－２，３－环氧丙烷     

超分子体系中的分子识别研究──XXXV.含吡啶基β-环糊精衍生物的合成及其对氨基酸分子的手性识别

通过２-氨基吡啶与β环糊精醛３在甲醇水溶液中反应合成了一种新型含吡啶基β－环糊精衍生物４,并采用荧光光谱滴定法测定了它与几种脂肪氨基酸在磷酸盐缓冲溶液（ｐＨ＝ ７．２, ０． １ｍｏｌ· Ｌ－１）中于 ２５℃时形成超分子配合物的稳定常数．化学计量法结果显示,化合物４与氨基酸形成了１：１的超分子配合物．圆二色谱研究表明,在溶液中化合物４的取代基浅包结进入自身环糊精空腔．修饰环糊精中的吡啶基作为一种光谱探针,不仅可以识别氨基酸分子的尺寸或形状,而且还可以识别Ｌ／Ｄ－型手性对映体之间的差异．与单－［６－（１－吡啶基）－６－脱氧］－β－环糊精５相比,化合物４对氨基酸的对映体选择性发生翻转,其中对Ｄ／Ｌ－丝氨酸给出最高的对映体选择性达５．４．从主－客体间几何互补、诱导楔合以及几种弱相互作用力的协同效应,讨论了环糊精衍生物选择性结合氨基酸形成超分子配合物的稳定性．     

手性色谱固定相——全甲基化2,3,6-三(O-2′-混旋羟丙基)-β-环糊精的立体选择性研究

 合成了一种新的手性色谱固定相——全甲基化２，３，６－三（Ｏ－２′－混旋羟丙基）－β－环糊精（ＰＭＲＨＰ－β－ＣＤ），以静态法将其涂于０．２５ｍｍ×１６０００ｍｍ弹性石英毛细管柱上，以醇、氨基酸、酯、卤代烃等手性化合物考察了新固定相对对映异构体的拆分能力。结果表明，新的固定相具有较高的立体选择性。     

负电性和中性环糊精在毛细管电泳手性分离中的协同效应

１引言环糊精及其电中性衍生物（二甲基－β－环糊精（ＤＭ－β－ＣＤ）、三甲基－β－环糊精（ＴＭ－β－ＣＤ）、羟丙基－β－环糊精（ＨＰ－β－ＣＤ））是毛细管电泳（ＨＰＣＥ）手性分离中最常采用的手性选择剂,带电环糊精是ＨＰＣＥ手性分离中另一类重要的手性选择剂,它的带电性质使其在手性拆分过程中起到非常重要的作用。本文分别考察了带电的磺丁基－β－环糊精（ＳＢＢ－β－ＣＤ）与电中性的ＤＭ－β－ＣＤ、ＴＭ－β－ＣＤ以及ＨＰ－β－ＣＤ等３种双环糊精体系的手性拆分性能,研究了双环糊精在手性分离中所体现出的协同效应…     

扁桃酸及其类似物在全甲基环糊精固定相上的手性拆分

在全甲基β－环糊精（ＰＭＢＣＤ）和全甲基γ－环糊精（ＰＭＧＣＤ）手性固定相上,考察了扁桃酸酯、α－甲氧基扁桃酸酯、２－羟基－３－苯基丙酸酯和２－羟基－４－苯基丁酸乙酯的气相色谱手性分离行为。结果表明,所有研究的羟基羟基羧酸酯均可以在ＰＭＣＤ手性固定相上得到很好的手性分离,而ＰＭＧＣＤ对所研究的对映体没有任何手性拆分能力。结合和学参数,探讨了手性诉分机理。     

高效液相色谱中的手性两相协同作用

 在高效液相色谱中,以纤维素三苯基甲酸酯、纤维素三苯基氨基甲酸酯为手性固定相,以正己烷-异丙醇(体积比为9∶1)为流动相,柱温25 ℃,分别以β-环糊精（β-CD）、2,6-二甲基-β-环糊精(DM-β-CD)、2,3,6-三甲基-β-环糊精(TM-β-CD)为流动相添加剂,分离了DL-色氨酸和DL-苯丙氨酸两种手性化合物，考察是否存在手性固定相和手性添加剂的协同作用。实验结果表明，在流动相中添加β-CD或DM-β-CD至饱和,协同作用不明显；在流动相中添加少量TM-β-CD(即浓度小于0.60 mmol/     

Separation of monomethyl-benz[a]anthracene isomers using cyclodextrin-modified electrokinetic chromatography

Cyclodextrin-modified electrokinetic chromatography (CD-EKC) was investigated for the separation of 12 monomethylbenz[a]anthracene (MBA) isomers. Combined use of a polymeric surfactant, poly(sodium 10-undecenyl sulfate) (poly-SUS), with various types of neutral cyclodextrins (CDs) [beta-CD, gamma-CD, dimethyl-beta-CD (DM-beta-CD), trimethyl-beta-CD (TM-beta-CD) and hydroxypropyl-beta-CD (HP-beta-CD)] were successful in CD-EKC separation of the MBA isomers. Baseline resolution of 10 of the 12 isomers, except for 9-MBA and 2-MBA, was achieved with gamma-CD at pH 9.75. The beta-CD, gamma-CD, and beta-CD derivatives (DM-beta-CD, TM-beta-CD, HP-beta-CD) were found to have different resolution and selectivity. Additionally, the tR/t0 values of isomers were found to be dependent on the type and concentration of the CD additives. In general, tR/t0 values of MBA isomers decrease with an increase in the concentration of beta-CD derivatives, whereas the reversed was true when the concentrations of native beta-CD and gamma-CD were varied. The combination of 5 mM gamma-CD, 0.5% (w/v) poly-SUS, 35% (v/v) acetonitrile at a pH of 9.75 provided the best selectivity and resolution of the MBA isomers with a separation time of 110 min. However, the use of 30 mM DM-beta-CD under similar EKC conditions resulted in much faster separation (ca. 16 min) of 10 MBA isomers.     

毛细管区带电泳法拆分手性药物萘普生和氟联苯丙酸

 70-72 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 以β-环糊精(CD)作为手性选择剂 ,用毛细管区带电泳法成功地拆分了两种弱酸性药物萘普生(naproxen)和氟联苯丙酸(flurb iprofen),并比较了4种环糊精［β-环糊精(β-CD)、二甲基-β-环糊精( DM-β-CD)、羟丙基-β-环糊精(HP-β-CD)和三甲基-β-环糊精( TM-β-CD)］对手性拆分的影响,同时测定了萘普生对映体在不同环糊精中的出峰次 序。通过实验,发现对于此类化合物拆分的最佳pH值为5左右,即接近于该类化合物的pK a值。该方法适用于酸性手性药物的拆分。     

Enatiomeric analysis of simendan by CE with beta-CD as chiral selector compared with CMPA-HPLC

The chiral separation of simendan enantiomers using capillary electrophoresis was studied with beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) as chiral selector. The influences of the concentration and pH of borate buffer solution, beta-CD concentration and methanol content in the background electrolyte were investigated. These factors were compared with those in an HPLC with beta-CD as chiral mobile phase additive (CMPA-HPLC). The quantification properties of the developed CE method were examined. A baseline separation of simendan enantiomers was achieved in the background electrolyte of 20 mmol/L borate buffer (pH 11.0) containing 12 mmol/L beta-CD-methanol (50:50 in volume ratio). The CE method is comparable with CMPA-HPLC in chiral resolution, although the optimal pH in CE (11.0) is much higher than that (6.0) in CMPA-HPLC. This chiral CE method is applicable to the quantitative ananlysis and enantiomeric excess value determination of L-simendan.     

5-(对-羟基苯基):-5-苯基乙内酰脲的反相高效液相手性分离测定法

 以β－ＣＤ为手性流动相添加剂、苯巴比妥为内标，于ＦＬＣ－Ｃ８反相柱上建立了鼠肝微粒体中５－（对－羟基苯基）－５－苯基乙内酰脲（ｐ－ＨＰＰＨ）外消旋体的拆分方法。测得ｐ－ＨＰＰＨ对映体的线性范围为０．５～１１０ｍｇ／Ｌ（ｒ＝０．９９９６）；最低检出量为５ｎｇ（Ｓ／Ｎ＝３）；Ｓ－ｐ－ＨＰＰＨ的回收率为９３．６％±２．８％，Ｒ－ｐ－ＨＰＰＨ的回收率为９４．７％±１．８％；日内和日间精密度ＲＳＤ值均小于２％。所建立的方法具有结果准确、操作方便等特点。     

高效液相色谱手性流动相添加剂分离乳酸对映体

分别将β-环糊精、2,6－二甲基－β－环瑚精和2,3,6－三甲基－β－环糊精作为手性流动相添加剂,系统地研究了D,L-乳酸在反相HPLC系统中的拆分,考察了流动相种类,pH值和手性流动相添加剂的浓度对手性分离的影响,建立了甲基化β-环糊精动态手性固定相分离乳酸对映体的方法。     

Enantiomer separation of miconazole by capillary electrophoresis with dual cyclodextrin systems.

A cyclodextrin-modified micellar capillary electrophoretic method (MECC) was developed using mixtures of beta, cyclodextrins (beta-CD) and mono-3-O-phenylcarbamoyl-beta-CD as chiral additives for the chiral separation of miconazole with the dual CDs systems. The enantiomers were resolved using a running buffer of 50 mmol/L borate pH 9.5 containing 15 mmol/L beta-CD and 15 mmol/L mono-3-O-phenylcarbamoyl-beta-CD containing 50 mmol/L sodium dodecyl sulfate and 1 mol/L urea. A study of the respective influence of the beta-CD and the mono-3-O-phenylcarbamoyl-beta-CD concentration was performed to determine the optimal conditions with respect to the resolution. Good repeatability of the method was obtained.     

Chiral separation of amino acids derivatized with fluoresceine-5isothiocyanate by capillary electrophoresis and laser-induced fluorescence detection using mixed selectors of beta-cyclodextrin and sodium taurocholate

Chiral separation of 20 pairs of amino acids derivatized with fluoresceine-5-isothiocyanate (FITC) by capillary electrophoresis and laser-induced fluorescence detection was studied using the mixture of beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) and sodium taurocholate (STC) as selector. Resolution was considerably superior to that obtained by using either beta-CD or STC alone. The molar ratio of beta-CD to STC of about 2:3 was found to be critical to achieve maximum separation. At this beta-CD-to-STC ratio, chiral separation occurred at really low total concentration of beta-CD and STC (<0.1 mM). Other impacting factors were investigated including the total concentration of beta-CD and STC, pH, and capillary conditioning procedure between two successive runs. Using a running buffer of 80 mM borate containing 20 mM beta-CD and 30 mM STC at pH 9.3, all of the 20 pairs of FITC-amino acid enantiomers were baseline resolved. The resolutions of the most pairs of the amino acid enantiomers (17 of 20) were higher than 3.0, only three pairs gave a resolution lower than 3.0 but higher than 1.90 (beta-phenylserine, pSer). The highest resolution reached 14.58 (Glu). Two derivatives of beta-CD, 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-CD (HP-beta-CD) and heptakis(2,6-di-O-methyl)-beta-CD (DM-beta-CD) were also explored. HP-beta-CD showed similar cooperative effect with STC, while DM-beta-CD together with STC led to poorer chiral separation.     

高效液相色谱手性流动相添加法拆分奥昔布宁对映体

采用C18固定相,以羟丙基-β-环糊精为手性流动相添加剂,建立了奥昔布宁对映体的高效液相色谱拆分方法。考察了手性添加剂、有机极性调节剂、缓冲盐的种类和浓度以及流动相的pH值和流速及柱温等因素对对映体分离的影响。在最佳分离条件下,奥昔布宁对映体的分离度为1.54,检测限为1.0 ng。该方法简便,重复性好,比手性固定相法更加经济。     

Retention behaviour of peptides in capillary electrochromatography using an embedded ammonium in dodecacyl stationary phase

A highly water-soluble new cyclodextrin (CD) derivative 2-O-acetonyl-2-O-hydroxypropyl-beta-CD (2-AHP-beta-CD) was synthesized and tested as an effective chiral selector for the capillary zone electrophoretic resolution (Rs) of several basic and acidic analytes. The primary purpose of the research was to explore the capability of the 2-AHP-beta-CD as chiral selectors on comparison with the neutral CDs such as beta-CD, DM-beta-CD and HP-beta-CD. Substitution with 2-O-acetonyl-2-O-hydroxypropyl group at the secondary hydroxyl sites of the CD is aimed at influencing the magnitude and selectivity of analyte-CD interactions. The chiral resolution was strongly influenced by the concentration of the CDs and buffer pH. 2-AHP-beta-CD showed the best enantiomer resolution properties among the tested compounds, while the other CDs showed inferior or no performances at all.