爆炸物检测用荧光聚合物材料

作为荧光传感材料,荧光聚合物不仅具有传感单元多、荧光亮度高、光稳定性好等特点,而且方便制备荧光传感薄膜,易于实现器件化,在爆炸物荧光检测中得到了广泛的研究与应用。近年来,随着荧光聚合物从传统的线型结构向支化和多孔网络结构的拓展,以及各种功能单元的引入,大量的新型荧光聚合物有效地提升了爆炸物检测的灵敏度、选择性和响应速度等性能。本综述从线型聚合物、支化聚合物、多孔聚合物三类体系出发,总结和评述了用于爆炸物荧光检测的线型共轭与非共轭聚合物、树枝状分子与超支化聚合物、无定形与结晶型多孔聚合物等典型体系的分子结构设计策略、功能特点以及传感性能,并展望了荧光聚合物未来在爆炸物检测应用中所面临的机遇和挑战。     

静电纺荧光纳米纤维膜在痕量爆炸物检测中的应用

爆炸物检测作为打击爆炸恐怖主义的重要措施之一,正日益彰显出广阔的应用前景.其中,静电纺荧光纳米纤维膜在爆炸物检测领域已展现出其独特的优点,可满足爆炸物检测所需的检测速度快、检测灵敏度高等要求.本文总结了近年来静电纺荧光纳米纤维膜在爆炸物检测中的代表性成果,简要介绍了爆炸物荧光传感机理、静电纺丝技术原理、静电纺荧光纳米纤维膜的制备方法及其爆炸物检测性能的影响因素;系统、重点梳理了有机小分子体系、共轭聚合物体系、聚集诱导发光体系及其他荧光材料体系的静电纺荧光纳米纤维膜在爆炸物检测中的应用,并针对该领域尚未解决的问题和未来可能的发展方向进行了展望,可为实际爆炸物检测中静电纺荧光纳米纤维膜的设计提供指导.     

用于铁离子检测的荧光传感材料研究进展

准确、定量检测Fe~(3+)对环境保护和人类健康具有重要意义。目前,荧光传感材料广泛应用于分子传感、气体传感、环境监测等诸多领域。为了实现环境监测领域Fe~(3+)的快速响应、高灵敏和高选择性检测,研究者大力开发了各种新型荧光传感材料,本文重点介绍了金属有机骨架(MOFs)、荧光量子点(QDs)、金属纳米簇、荧光小分子和荧光聚合物等各种新型荧光材料在Fe~(3+)检测中的应用;分析了目前荧光传感材料研究中存在的问题和局限性并对其发展方向进行了展望。     

有机半导体荧光传感材料及危险化学品检测应用

荧光传感材料作为有机半导体光电功能材料的重要组成之一,以其灵敏度高、选择性强、响应速度快等优势,成为当前化学传感领域的一个研究热点,近年来在反恐、禁毒等领域有着广泛的应用.然而目前,对荧光敏感材料各项性能参数的设计与优化,依然存在着经验性问题,需要基于构效结合思维,从待测物质的分子层次的物性认知出发,更有针对性地设计相应的传感材料.本文基于国内外前沿工作,结合本课题组多年在危险化学品荧光传感方向的经验,以爆炸物、神经毒剂和合成毒品的检测为例,对荧光敏感材料的设计原则和传感的分子级微观作用机制进行了系统论述.     

荧光性多孔芳香骨架材料的简便制备 及在硝基爆炸物检测中的应用

报道了一种简便的制备高荧光性多孔有机聚合物材料的方法, 即以1,3,6,8-四溴芘(TBrPy)与硼酸类单体为构筑基元, 通过Suzuki偶联反应制备多孔芳香骨架材料LNUs. 利用傅里叶变换红外光谱、 热重分析、 氮气吸附、 固体紫外光谱和荧光光谱等分析方法对其结构与性能进行了系统表征. 分析结果表明, 该类多孔芳香骨架材料具有良好的热化学稳定性和较大的比表面积, 所得材料优异的荧光性能使其非常适合用于硝基爆炸物的选择性检测. 多孔芳香骨架材料LNUs在苯、 溴苯、 苯胺、 甲苯、 氯苯和苯酚等分子存在下, 荧光强度基本不变, 而在加入硝基苯、 对硝基苯酚和对硝基氯苯后, 荧光几乎完全猝灭, 说明该类材料对硝基苯、 对硝基苯酚和对硝基氯苯显示出专一的检测性能. 根据这一特性, 利用LNUs材料制备了一种新型便携式纸传感器, 其可以简便快速实时检测硝基爆炸物, 并在痕量检测方面展现出良好的应用前景.     

薄膜基荧光气体传感器

薄膜基荧光传感因灵敏度高、可采集信号丰富、实时检测性好和易于器件化等优点备受人们关注,特别是随着微纳米加工、集成制造和物联网技术的发展应用,薄膜基荧光传感器研究已经成为传感器研究的一个重要领域,呈现出广阔的发展前景。 结合课题组工作,本文简要讨论了基于小分子化合物的薄膜基荧光气体传感器在隐藏爆炸物、毒品、挥发性有机污染物检测/监测,重大疾病早期诊断等领域的应用探索。 在此基础上,指出了薄膜基荧光传感器发展面临的问题,评述了薄膜基荧光传感器研究和应用的前景。     

检测有机磷神经毒剂及模拟物的荧光探针

有机磷神经毒剂是一类具有极大杀伤力的化学毒剂,这类有机磷酸盐通过破坏人体内的神经递质乙酰胆碱酯酶麻痹人的中枢神经,很小的剂量就可致人死亡,因此对有机磷神经毒剂进行快速简便地检测具有重要意义。荧光化学传感具有灵敏度高、选择性好和响应时间短等优点,近些年来应用荧光传感方法对有机磷神经毒剂及其模拟物的检测越来越受到研究人员的关注。本篇综述对荧光传感的原理做了简要介绍,综述了近年来国内外研究者开发的各种用于有机磷神经毒剂及其模拟物检测的荧光新材料与新方法,并对荧光传感方法应用于有机磷神经毒剂检测的未来进行了展望。     

多孔有机聚合物材料的合成与荧光传感应用

多孔有机聚合物荧光材料既具有孔隙度高的特点,也具有突出的荧光性能.当其骨架上存在与特定分析物(如硝基芳香爆炸物、金属离子、阴离子等)的结合位点时,便赋予其荧光传感的功能.按照不同多孔有机聚合物(POPs)材料的类型,即无定型的多孔有机聚合物材料、晶型含配位键的多孔金属有机框架(MOFs)材料、晶型共价有机框架(COFs)材料,综述了近年来多孔有机聚合物荧光材料的研究新进展,特别是它们基于有机功能分子的设计与合成,及其荧光传感应用.继续从分子层面设计新型的荧光COFs材料是未来可循环使用的高效荧光化学传感器的发展方向,值得关注.     

分子印迹技术和荧光分析技术在爆炸物检测中的应用*

爆炸品危害社会安定、国家安全,引起国际社会的关注。开发爆炸品的在线监测技术成为当今热点研究领域之一。爆炸物的种类多种多样,它们的检测方法也各不相同。本文简要地回顾了爆炸物的常规检测方法,介绍了爆炸物的新颖检测技术,重点介绍了分子印迹技术和荧光分析技术在爆炸物检测中的应用,总结了分子印迹聚合物和荧光共轭聚合物检测爆炸物的特点,并对它们的发展趋势进行了展望。     

液相爆炸物荧光化学传感器研究进展

溶液中爆炸物的快速灵敏检测对于防恐、反恐和环境质量监测等都具有十分重要的意义。本文在介绍液相爆炸物探测用均相荧光传感器、薄膜荧光传感器和颗粒荧光传感器的基础上,简要评述了各种方法的优缺点,指出新型化学薄膜荧光传感器的开发和基于这些薄膜的低成本、多功能和高品质液相专用爆炸物探测仪的研制将成为未来液相爆炸物探测研究的一个重...     

Fluorescent conjugated polymers for chemical and biochemical sensing

This review deals with the emerging field of fluorescent conjugated polymers for the development of chemical and/or biochemical sensors. As a result of their amplified physical properties due to a “molecular wire effect”, these materials offer excellent characteristics to develop different sensing schemes (e.g., employing direct superquenching or relying on development of fluorescence-resonance-energy-transfer formats). The versatility of their synthesis procedures allows us to introduce the desired functional groups to achieve analytically useful interactions with analytes [e.g., from transition-metal ions to explosives, or even, in recent years, relevant biomolecules (e.g., proteins or DNA, where conformational changes play a decisive role in detection)].     

AIE-active polymers for explosive detection

Super-sensitive and ultra-selective detection of explosives plays a crucial role in anti-terrorism operations, homeland security, civilian safety and environment protection. Among the developed fluorescent probes, the polymers with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics have drawn much attention due to their bright emission in the aggregate and solid states. However, no review has summarized the development of AIE-active polymers for explosive detection. Herein, we reviewed the recent progress on using AIE-active polymers to detect explosives with super-amplification quenching effect. Moreover, the challenges and opportunities in this area were also briefly discussed.     

Self‐Assembled Discrete Molecules for Sensing Nitroaromatics

Efficient sensing of trace amount nitroaromatic (NAC) explosives has become a major research focus in recent time due to concerns over national security as well as their role as environment pollutants. NO₂‐containing electron‐deficient aromatic compounds, such as picric acid (PA), trinitrotoluene (TNT), and dinitrotoluene (DNT), are the common constituents of many commercially available chemical explosives. In this article, we have summarized our recent developments on the rational design of electron‐rich self‐assembled discrete molecular sensors and their efficacy in sensing nitroaromatics both in solution as well as in vapor phase. Several π‐electron‐rich fluorescent metallacycles (squares, rectangles, and tweezers/pincers) and metallacages (trigonal and tetragonal prisms) have been synthesized by means of metal–ligand coordination‐bonding interactions, with enough internal space to accommodate electron‐deficient nitroaromatics at the molecular level by multiple supramolecular interactions. Such interactions subsequently result in the detectable fluorescence quenching of sensors even in the presence of trace quantities of nitroaromatics. The fascinating sensing characteristics of molecular architectures discussed in this article may enable future development of improved sensors for nitroaromatic explosives.     

Supramolecular Assemblies with Aggregation-Induced Emission Properties for Sensing and Detection

The fabrication of new supramolecular materials for real-time detection of analytes including ions, organic pollutants, gases, biomolecules, and drugs is of pivotal importance in industrial manufacture, clinical treatment, and environmental remediation. Incorporating fluorescent molecules with distinct aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effects into supramolecular assemblies has received much attention over the past two decades, owing to the remarkable performance of the AIE-active supramolecular materials in sensing and detection. In this minireview, we summarize the recent progress of superior detection systems on the basis of supramolecular assemblies accompanied with AIE features. We envision that this minireview will be helpful and timely for relevant researchers to stimulate new thinking for constructing new AIE-based supramolecular materials with advanced architectures for effective sensing and detection.     

Recent progress in thin film fluorescent probe for organic amine vapour

There are great needs for real-time detection of volatile organic amines(VOA)through low-cost detection methods in public health,food safety,and environmental monitoring area.Organic thin-film fluorescent probe(OTFFP)is expected to become a new and efficient means of detecting VOA because of its fast response,high sensitivity,no contamination to the analyte and ease to prepare a portable instrument.Compared with the mature detection methods in solution,research on solid fluorescence sensing has been less studied.In this article,we review recent progress in OTFFP research for VOA vapour.We mainly focus on the new fluorescent sensing mechanisms applied in solid state in recent years and the design principle of probes for different types of organic amines(such as primary amine,secondary amine,tertiary amine and aromatic amine).We also review the material structures of these probes and the strategies to enhance their sensitivity or selectivity.     

基于有机光电材料的痕量爆炸物识别

随着国际恐怖袭击事件的增多,痕量爆炸物的识别技术研究越来越为重要.本文以作者在该领域的研究为例,综述了基于一维有机纳米材料、荧光金属配位聚合物(金属-有机框架化合物)和聚噻咯的荧光猝灭技术,在痕量爆炸物识别上的应用.同时介绍了酞菁薄膜和苝亚酰胺纳米线制备的电子传感器分别对过氧化物和硝基类爆炸物有灵敏的响应.     

Ultrasensitive detection of aliphatic nitro-organics based on “turn-on” fluorescent sensor array

The broad class of explosives includes nitro aromatics as well as challenging aliphatic nitro-organics whose detection is important from counter-terrorism and national security perspectives. Here we report a turn-on fluorescent sensor array based on aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorophores as receptors. To achieve a good sensing system with fast response, good sensitivity and low detection limit, three receptors with abundant chemical diversities for target analytes were synthesized. The turn-on response of the individual receptor showed highly variable and cross-reactive analyte-dependent changes in fluorescence. The excellent ability to identify a variety of explosives, especially the challenging aliphatic nitro-organics (2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane (DMNB), 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX), cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (HMX) and entaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN)), was demonstrated in qualitative and quantitative analyses with 100% accuracy. The fluorescence signal amplification in the presence of explosives allows for application of these receptors in a sensor microarray suitable for high-throughput screening. These results suggested that the cross-reactive sensor array based on AIE fluorophores could find a wide range of applications for sensing various analytes or complex mixtures.     

A novel nanoaggregation detection technique of TNT using selective and ultrasensitive nanocurcumin as a probe

Here, for the first time, we designed an ultrasensitive nanocurcumin based nanomaterials surface energy transfer (NSET) probe for detection of trace amount of TNT with excellent sensitivity (1 nM) and selectivity over other nitro explosives via nanoaggregation and we found the largest fluorescent enhancement to date for sensing TNT (upto 800 fold).