酶促尿嘧啶与丙烯酸乙酯Michael加成反应的研究

考察了4种水解酶在尿嘧啶与丙烯酸乙酯Michael加成反应中的催化效率.初步探讨了反应溶剂,反应温度,反应时间,底物配比,酶添加量等反应条件对该加成反应的影响.筛选得到最适反应条件,在该反应条件下,Michael加成反应产率可达61·2%.     

蒽酮与β-硝基苯乙烯的不对称Michael加成反应

不对称催化Michael加成反应是一类重要的形成碳—碳键的反应,以蒽酮作为亲核试剂的不对称Michael反应报道甚少.以手性伯胺硫脲作为催化剂,对蒽酮与硝基苯乙烯的不对称有机催化Michael加成反应进行了研究.实验结果表明,所用的伯胺硫脲均具有较好的催化活性(80%～95%收率),其中硫脲4a得到了较高的对映选择性.对反应条件进行优化后,以乙醚为溶剂,使用5%摩尔分数催化剂4a和苯甲酸,研究了多个硝基苯乙烯类底物和蒽酮的Michael加成反应,获得了优异的化学收率(95%～98%)和较好的对映选择性(最高86%ee).     

硫脲衍生物有机催化蒽酮与硝基烯烃的不对称Michael加成反应

将硫脲衍生物用于有机催化蒽酮和β-硝基烯烃的不对称Michael加成反应.考察溶剂、温度及催化剂用量等对反应催化性能的影响.结果表明,最佳催化条件为5%(摩尔百分数)催化剂1f,二氯甲烷为溶剂,室温反应.得到了80%~97%的化学产率和最高达99%ee的对映选择性.     

离子液体中酶促Michael加成反应的研究

以离子液体作为反应介质,研究了嗜热酯酶APE1547在不同离子液体中催化咪唑与丙烯酸乙酯的Mi-clasel加成反应,并对反应条件进行了优化.在最适反应条件下,Michael加成反应产率可达98.8%,另外发现嗜热酯酶APE1547在该反应体系中可重复使用8次,其催化性能没有明显下降.     

手性二茂铁基膦氧配体-铜络合物催化的二乙基锌对β-芳基硝基烯的不对称共轭加成反应

研究了手性二茂铁基膦氧配体.铜络合物催化的二乙基锌对β-芳基硝基烯的不对称加成反应,在优化的反应条件(8(mol)%配体和6(mol)%的Cu(OTf)2,以甲苯为溶剂,在-30℃下反应12h)下,取得了最高77%的产率和58%的ee值.     

有机催化蒽酮与β-硝基烯烃的不对称Michael加成反应

将金鸡纳生物碱衍生物用于催化蒽酮和β-硝基芳基乙烯的不对称Michael加成反应。 考察了溶剂、温度及催化剂用量对反应催化性能的影响。 结果表明,最佳条件为5%(摩尔分数)催化剂1b、甲苯为溶剂、0 ℃反应,得到了91%~99%的化学产率和最高达95%ee的对映体选择性。     

十八烷基超支化有机物的合成

以十八胺、丙烯酸甲酯为原料,甲醇为溶剂通过迈克尔加成反应制备了0.5G(Generation)超支化有机物,再以0.5G为原料与乙二胺通过酰胺化缩合反应制备了1.0G超支化有机物.并对1.0G进行了合成条件探索,最佳反应条件为n(乙二胺)∶n(0.5G)=60∶1,反应温度60℃,反应时间24 h,产物的产率为99.11%,同时采用红外光谱对两种超支化分子进行了结构表征.     

奎宁衍生的新型手性胍催化剂的合成及其在不对称Michael加成反应中的应用研究

以生物碱奎宁和不同胺为原料,通过4步反应合成了5种新型手性胍催化剂,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, IR和HR-MS(ESI)表征。探索了一系列奎宁衍生的手性胍催化剂催化硝基乙烯类化合物和硫代丙二酸酯的不对称Michael加成反应。通过优化反应条件,确定最佳条件为：5 mol% 5e为催化剂,乙醚为溶剂,于20 ℃反应5 h。在此条件下进行了底物拓展,获得一系列2-(1-芳基-2硝基乙基)丙二酸二苯二硫酯,最高收率为92%,最高对映选择性为93%。     

丙酮氰醇与3,5-二甲基-N-α,β-不饱和酰基吡唑的反应研究

氰基化合物是一类具有重要价值的有机物.研究了以丙酮氰醇为反应试剂,以取代的3,5-二甲基-N-α,β-不饱和酰基吡唑为底物时发生在不同位点的两种反应.研究结果表明,芳香取代的3,5-二甲基-N-α,β-不饱和酰基吡唑为底物时,使用不同的碱性催化剂会发生两种不同类型的反应:MgBu_2存在时体系发生Michael加成反应,产物收率最高可达95%;在四甲基胍(TMG)存在时体系发生酰胺的醇解反应,生成β-取代苯基丙烯酸氰醇酯,收率最高达84%.脂肪取代的3,5-二甲基-N-α,β-不饱和酰基吡唑与丙酮氰醇在Mg Bu_2或TMG存在下均发生Michael加成反应,产率最高为99%.讨论了使用不同碱性催化剂时的反应机理.     

有机催化丙二酸酯与β-硝基烯烃的不对称 Michael加成反应

将金鸡纳生物碱衍生物用于催化丙二酸酯和β-硝基芳基乙烯的不对称Michael加成反应。考察溶剂、温度及催化剂用量对反应催化性能的影响。结果表明,最佳催化条件为5 mol%催化剂1e,甲苯为溶剂,0℃反应。得到了86～93%的化学产率和最高达99%ee的对映选择性。     

Asymmetric Michael addition of malonates to enones catalyzed by a primary β-amino acid and its lithium salt

Highly enantioselective Michael addition of malonates to enones was achieved using a mixed catalyst consisting of a primary β-amino acid, O-TBDPS (S)-β-homoserine, and its lithium salt. Various cyclic and acyclic enones were converted into 1,5-ketoesters in high yields (up to 92%) with high enantioselectivity (up to 97% ee) under mild reaction conditions. Details of synthesis of the catalyst, optimization of the reaction conditions for the Michael addition reaction, and a plausible reaction mechanism are described.     

介孔分子筛W-SBA-15催化氧化乙苯制备苯乙酮

合成了W-SBA-15介孔分子筛,利用X射线衍射和BET测试对其结构进行了分析.以质量分数30%的H2O2为氧化剂,丙酮为溶剂,研究了介孔分子筛W-SBA-15对乙苯氧化成苯乙酮的催化作用.结果表明,优化的反应条件为:温度120℃,时间8 h,催化剂用量10.0%(质量分数),n(乙苯):n(H2O2):n(丙酮)=1...     

Al2O3-SiO2催化环己胺氧化制备环己酮肟

以Al2O3-SiO2为催化剂,用双氧水氧化环己胺制备了环己酮肟。考察了溶剂用量、催化剂用量、反应时间和反应温度等因素对催化性能的影响。结果表明,在溶剂乙腈与环己胺体积比为3∶1,催化剂质量分数31.0%,75℃反应5 h后的环己胺转化率为100%,环己酮肟选择性可达83.6%。并对环己胺催化氧化的反应机理作了初步的探讨。     

(Trifluoromethylselenyl)methylchalcogenyl as Emerging Fluorinated Groups: Synthesis under Photoredox Catalysis and Determination of the Lipophilicity

The synthesis of molecules bearing (trifluoromethylselenyl)methylchalcogenyl groups is described via an efficient two-step strategy based on a metal-free photoredox catalyzed decarboxylative trifluoromethylselenolation with good yields up to 88 %, which raised to 98 % in flow chemistry conditions. The flow methods allowed also to scale up the reaction. The mechanism of this key reaction was studied. The physicochemical characterization of these emerging groups was performed by determining their Hansch–Leo lipophilicity parameters with high values up to 2.24. This reaction was also extended to perfluoroalkylselenolation with yields up to 95 %. Finally, this method was successfully applied to the functionalization of relevant bioactive molecules such as tocopherol or estrone derivatives.     

Rationally designed organocatalyst for direct asymmetric aldol reaction in the presence of water

A rationally designed organocatalyst for direct asymmetric aldol reaction in the presence of water has been developed. High yield (up to 99%), diastereoselectivity (up to 99:1) and enantioselectivity (up to 97%) were obtained under optimal conditions.     

Construction of Chiral Tetrahydro‐β‐Carbolines: Asymmetric Pictet–Spengler Reaction of Indolyl Dihydropyridines

A highly efficient synthesis of the enantioenriched tetrahydro‐β‐carbolines was developed by using a chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed Pictet–Spengler reaction of indolyl dihydropyridines. The reaction proceeds under mild reaction conditions to afford the desired chiral tetrahydro‐β‐carbolines in good to excellent yields (up to 96 %) and high enantioselectivities (up to 99 % ee ). With this method, a formal synthesis of tangutorine and a total synthesis of deplancheine were achieved in a highly efficient manner.     

Construction of Chiral Tetrahydro-β-Carbolines: Asymmetric Pictet–Spengler Reaction of Indolyl Dihydropyridines

A highly efficient synthesis of the enantioenriched tetrahydro-β-carbolines was developed by using a chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed Pictet–Spengler reaction of indolyl dihydropyridines. The reaction proceeds under mild reaction conditions to afford the desired chiral tetrahydro-β-carbolines in good to excellent yields (up to 96 %) and high enantioselectivities (up to 99 % ee). With this method, a formal synthesis of tangutorine and a total synthesis of deplancheine were achieved in a highly efficient manner.     

Effect of microwave heating in the asymmetric addition of dimethylzinc to aldehydes

Microwave-heated enantioselective additions of dimethylzinc to various aldehydes are reported. Dramatically reduced reaction times and lower catalyst loadings (5%), compared with conventionally used conditions, can be achieved, with excellent yields and just small loss of enantioselectivity (up to 83% enantioselectivity is achieved). In the reaction with aliphatic aldehydes the same enantioselectivity has been achieved for microwave-heated and conventional room temperature conditions.     

Catalytic Asymmetric Dearomatization of Indolyl Dihydropyridines through an Enamine Isomerization/Spirocyclization/Transfer Hydrogenation Sequence

A highly efficient synthesis of enantioenriched spiroindolines by catalytic asymmetric dearomatization of indolyl dihydropyridines through a chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed enamine isomerization/spirocyclization/transfer hydrogenation sequence has been developed. This reaction proceeds under mild reaction conditions, affording novel spiroindolines in good yields (up to 88 %) with excellent enantioselectivity (up to 97 % ee). DFT calculations provide insights into the reaction mechanism as well as the origin of stereochemistry.     

An improved synthesis of resveratrol

In this article we report an improved total synthesis of resveratrol, increasing the overall yield from 22 to 71%. The synthesis reported in our previous publication was made up of two fundamental steps: a Wittig reaction and a Heck coupling. Here we studied these steps separately to increase the individual yields. The yield of the Wittig reaction was increased up to 98%; however, we could not find better reaction conditions for the Heck coupling than those reported in the previous article.