室温离子液体介质中尺寸、结构可控Ni纳米微粒的制备及结构表征

分别以室温离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基-咪唑四氟硼酸盐和1-己基-3-甲基．咪唑四氟硼酸盐为介质，采用有机化合物热分解的方法制备了尺寸和结构均可控的金属Ni纳米微粒．采用X射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜和傅立叶红外光谱仪对所制备的样品进行了结构表征．X射线衍射结果表明：以1-丁基-3-甲基-咪唑四氟硼酸盐为介质制备的Ni纳米微粒具有立方相结构，而以1-己基-3-甲基-咪唑四氟硼酸盐为介质制备的Ni纳米微粒具有六方相结构．透射电子显微镜结果表明：随着反应原料浓度的不同所制备的纳米微粒具有不同的粒径．傅立叶红外光谱表明：离子液体不但作为反应的介质而且作为修饰剂修饰在了Ni纳米微粒的表面，从而有效地阻止了Ni纳米微粒的团聚和氧化。     

氯化胆碱离子液体中纳米银的电化学制备与表征

在氯化胆碱离子液体中,采用牺牲阳极法直接从金属银制备了纳米银微粒;利用X射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜、傅立叶红外光谱和热分析仪对样品进行了分析表征.结果表明:所制备的银纳米微粒大致呈球形,具有面心立方结构,粒径约为60nm.作为溶剂的离子液体同时具有分散剂和稳定剂的功能,可防止银纳米微粒之间的团聚及表面氧化.     

羧基功能化离子液体表面修饰TiO2纳米微粒的制备及结构表征

本文用沉淀法制备了羧基功能化离子液体表面修饰半导体TiO2纳米颗粒, 并用FTIR, TEM, XRD和XPS对其结构进行了表征. 初步探讨了羧基功能化离子液体修饰TiO2纳米微粒的形成机理.     

功能化离子液体中Ag纳米微粒的制备及摩擦学性能研究

合成了1-甲基-3-羟乙基咪唑四氟硼酸盐离子液体([C₂OHmim]BF₄)，用红外光谱表征了其结构。以所合成的离子液体作为还原剂、稳定剂与反应介质制备了Ag纳米微粒，用XRD和TEM对微粒的结构和形貌进行了表征。在四球摩擦磨损实验机上研究了[C₂OHmim]BF₄离子液体及掺入Ag纳米微粒后的离子液体的摩擦学性能。掺入银纳米微粒后，离子液体在高载荷下的润滑性有了大幅的改善。用SEM和XPS分别对磨痕表面的形貌和元素组成、化学状态进行了分析，结果表明：在低、高载荷分别起润滑作用的是有机膜和金属-有机复合膜。     

油酸修饰PbO纳米微粒的合成及结构表征

利用表面修饰法合成了表面为油酸所修饰的PbO纳米微粒 ,并用红外光谱、X -射线光电子能谱、透射电子显微镜和热分析仪对产物的结构、形貌及化学状态及热稳定性进行了研究 .结果表明 :所制备的PbO纳米微粒大小均匀 ,粒径约为 5nm ,在有机溶剂及石蜡油中的分散性良好 ;表面修饰剂与纳米微粒表面之间发生化学键合作用 ,这使得PbO纳米微粒在有机溶剂及基础油中的分散性得以改善 ,并使得表面修饰层的热稳定性得以明显提高     

钇纳米光谱探针合成及荧光增敏法分析橙皮苷

以金属钇离子为原料,采用单宁酸直接还原法,以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)胶束和1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑乙基硫酸盐离子液体为修饰剂,制备钇纳米粒子.考察了离子液体对钇纳米粒子合成的影响,利用透射电镜表征所制得的粒子为金属钇纳米粒子.通过研究钇纳米粒子的光谱行为,建立了钇纳米荧光增敏法分析微量橙皮苷(HES)的方法.结果...     

酸性离子液体中铂纳米粒子的制备、表征及应用

基于功能化离子液体的特性,开发出不使用聚合物保护剂制备铂纳米粒子并同时获得具有金属和酸活性中心双功能催化剂的新方法。首先,设计并合成出了一种新型季铵型质子(Br?nsted)酸性离子液体(N, N, N-三甲基-N-磺丁基硫酸氢铵([HSO₃-b-N(CH₃)₃]HSO₄)),然后,利用化学还原方法在该离子液体中制备了金属铂纳米粒子,并采用紫外光谱、傅立叶红外光谱、X-光电子能谱、透射电子显微镜和X射线衍射等方法对所制备的金属铂纳米粒子进行了结构表征。结果表明,所制备的铂纳米粒子具有面心立方结构,离子液体作为修饰剂修饰在铂纳米粒子的表面,有效地阻止了铂纳米粒子的团聚;将该含有铂纳米粒子的酸性离子液体作为双功能催化剂,直接用于硝基苯加氢合成对氨基苯酚反应,发现其具有良好的催化性能,在85 ℃、4 h、0.4 MPa条件下,硝基苯转化率为98.6%,对氨基苯酚收率为75.8%,回收的酸性离子液体纳米铂双功能催化体系中铂纳米粒子依然具有很好的分散性和稳定性。     

表面引发原子转移自由基聚合方法合成Fe3O4/PMMA复合纳米微粒

采用表面引发原子转移自由基聚合方法合成了核壳结构的磁性高分子纳米微粒. 作为聚合反应引发剂的3-氯丙酸, 首先与油酸修饰的Fe3O4纳米微粒表面的部分油酸置换, 然后在Fe3O4纳米微粒表面引发甲基丙烯酸甲酯聚合, 合成的纳米复合材料用TEM, FTIR, XRD和DSC表征. 磁性测试结果表明, 所制备的磁性高分子纳米微粒仍具有超顺磁性, 但由于聚合物的存在, 其饱和磁化强度降低.     

银纳米粒子与氧化物纳米异质结构制备及应用

总结了近期银纳米粒子与氧化物纳米异质结构制备及应用研究进展情况,特别是银纳米粒子修饰的氧化钼纳米纤维异质结构、银纳米粒子修饰的钛酸盐纳米纤维异质结构、银纳米粒子@二氧化硅@银纳米粒子三明治异质结构的制备方法与性能表征.介绍了以上三种异质纳米复合结构的催化性能和银纳米粒子修饰的二氧化物纳米纤维异质结构的气体传感性能.     

离子液体限域于硅胶纳米孔道中的电化学行为研究(英文)

通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了硅胶包载咪唑类离子液体修饰电极,研究其与体相离子液体不同的伏安行为;另一方面,制备不同离子液体含量为15% ~ 28%的包载离子液体硅胶和涂覆离子液体硅胶,用电化学阻抗研究其在20 ^oC到80 ^oC下电导率的变化情况. 异常的电化学行为主要表现在：1)硅胶包载离子液体导致Fc/Fc⁺电对的半波电位正移63.5 ~ 200 mV;2)当离子液体限域于硅胶纳米孔道中时,离子液体的电化学稳定性变差;3)包载离子液体硅胶的电导率要比涂覆离子液体的电导率高29.6% ~ 136%. 由此推断,可能是由于离子液体充满硅胶孔腔和孔道从而形成了纳米网状的离子液体导电介质. 这些结果表明,硅胶包载离子液体不仅可以作为修饰电极的优良载体,而且也有助于理解离子液体限域于硅胶纳米孔道中的限域效应.     

A novel one step synthesis of silver nanoparticles using room temperature ionic liquid and their biocidal activity

This article reports the synthesis of silver Nan particles (SNPs) using 1-(dodecyl) 2 amino-pyridinium bromide ionic liquid. This is a new one phase method for the synthesis of uniform monodispersed crystalline silver nanoparticles in a water-ionic liquid system. In this work, the functionalized room temperature IL acts as stabilizing agent and solvent. Hydrazine hydrate acts as reducing agent. To the best of our knowledge, there is no report of the synthesis of metal nanoparticles using this ionic liquid. The synthesis of silver nanoparticles is very primarily studied by UV-Visible spectroscopic analysis. The TEM and particle size distribution was used to study morphology and size of the particles. The charge on synthesized SNPs was determined by Zeta potential. The silver nanoparticles have been known to have inhibitory and bactericidal effect. The investigation of antibacterial activities of ionic liquid stabilized silver nanoparticles was performed by measurement of the minimum inhibitory concentration.     

Nanoparticle Capping Agent Controlled Electron‐Transfer Dynamics in Ionic Liquids

Herein, we report a change in the mechanism of the oxidation of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) with the molecular weight of a poly(ethylene) glycol (PEG) capping agent. Characterisation of the modified nanoparticles is undertaken using dynamic light scattering and UV/Vis spectroscopy. Electrochemical analyses reveal that the oxidation of 6000 molecular weight (MW) PEG is consistent with a polymer‐gated mechanism, whilst for 2000 MW PEG the polymer does not hinder the oxidation. The 10,000 MW PEG Ag NPs are rendered almost electrochemically inactive. This study demonstrates the ability to alter and better understand the electron‐transfer mechanism in a room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) by systematically altering the capping agent.     

Synthesis of highly stable silver nanoparticles using imidazolium-based ionic liquid

Highly stable, aqueous dispersions, and hydrophilic ionic liquid-capped silver nanoparticles with positive surface charge were synthesized by in situ reduction of AgNO₃ with NaBH₄ in the presence of an imidazolium-based ionic liquid, viz., 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C₁₂mim][Cl]) at room temperature. Prepared silver nanoparticles were characterized by UV–vis spectra, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and zeta potential. UV–visible spectrum of the aqueous medium peaked at 407 nm corresponding to the plasmon absorbance of silver nanoparticles. TEM analysis revealed the spherical shape of the particles with sizes about 9 nm and low polydispersed. The surface charge of the synthesized silver nanoparticles was determined as +5.0 mV. The ionic liquid ([C₁₂mim][Cl]) capped silver nanoparticles were stable for at least 8 months.     

Determination of trace silver in environmental samples by room temperature ionic liquid-based preconcentration and flame atomic absorption spectrometry

We report on a new method for preconcentration of silver ion at trace level in environmental samples, and its subsequent determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafuorophosphate and the chelator 5-(4-dimethylaminobenzylidene)-rhodanine were used for extraction. Ag(I) was back-extracted from the organic phase into thiosulfate solution and then determined via FAAS. The effects of pH, concentration of chelating agent, extraction time and temperature, amounts of ionic liquid, ionic strength and potentially interfering ions were studied. Under optimized conditions, the enhancement factor is 30 was achieved. The detection limit (3???) is 0.28?ng?mL^?1, and the relative standard deviation is 4.1% for 7 replicate determinations at 5?ng?mL^?1 of Ag(I). The method was validated by analysis of certified reference materials and applied to the determination of Ag(I) in environmental samples with satisfactory results.

Ionic liquids of bis(alkylethylenediamine)silver(I) salts and the formation of silver(0) nanoparticles from the ionic liquid system

We have prepared novel ionic liquids of bis(N-2-ethylhexylethylenediamine)silver(I) nitrate ([Ag(eth-hex-en)(2)]NO(3) and bis(N-hexylethylenediamine)silver(I) hexafluorophosphate ([Ag(hex-en)(2)]PF(6)), which have transition points at -54 and -6 degrees C, respectively. Below these transition temperatures, both the silver complexes assume amorphous states, in which the extent of the vitrification is larger for the eth-hex-en complex than for the hex-en complex. The diffusion coefficients of both the complex cations, measured between 30 (or 35) and 70 degrees C, are largely dependent on temperature; the dependence is particularly large in the case of the eth-hex-en complex cation below 40 degrees C. Small-angle X-ray scattering studies showed that the bilayer structure of the metal complex is formed in the liquid state for both the silver complexes. A direct observation of the yellowish [Ag(eth-hex-en)(2)]NO(3) liquid by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicates the presence of nanostructures, as a microemulsion, of less than 5 nm. Such structures were not clearly observed in the [Ag(hex-en)(2)]PF(6) liquid. Although the [Ag(eth-hex-en)(2)]NO(3) liquid is sparingly soluble in bulk water, it readily incorporates a small amount of water up to [water]/[metal complex] = 7:1. Homogeneous and uniformly sized silver(0) nanoparticles in water were created by the reduction of the [Ag(eth-hex-en)(2)]NO(3) liquid with aqueous NaBH(4), whereas silver(0) nanoparticles were not formed from the [Ag(hex-en)(2)]PF(6) liquid in the same way.     

High current density electrodeposition from silver complex ionic liquids

Liquid metal salts are electrolytes with the highest possible metal concentration for electrodeposition, because the metal ion is an integral part of the solvent. This paper introduces the new ionic silver complexes [Ag(MeCN)(4)](2)[Ag(Tf(2)N)(3)], [Ag(MeCN)][Tf(2)N] and [Ag(EtIm)(2)][Tf(2)N], where MeCN stands for acetonitrile, EtIm for 1-ethylimidazole and Tf(2)N is bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide. These complexes have been characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, single crystal X-ray crystallography, thermogravimetrical analysis, Raman spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. [Ag(MeCN)(4)](2)[Ag(Tf(2)N)(3)] is a room temperature ionic liquid. Smooth silver layers of good quality could be deposited from it, at current densities of up to 25 A dm(-2) in unstirred solutions. [Ag(EtIm)(2)][Tf(2)N] melts at 65 °C and can be used as an electrolyte for silver deposition above this temperature. [Ag(MeCN)][Tf(2)N] has a melting point that is too high to be useful in electrodeposition. Addition of thiourea or 1H-benzotriazole to the electrolyte decreased the surface roughness of the silver coatings. The morphology of the metal layers was investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Adsorption of 1H-benzotriazole on the silver metal surface has been proven by Raman spectroscopy. This work shows the usefulness of additives in improving the quality of metal films electrodeposited from ionic liquids.     

Structure and morphology controllable synthesis of Ag/carbon hybrid with ionic liquid as soft-template and their catalytic properties

Ag/carbon hybrids were fabricated by the redox of glucose and silver nitrate (AgNO₃) in the presence of imidazolium ionic liquid ([C₁₄mim]BF₄) under hydrothermal condition. Monodisperse carbon hollow sub-microspheres encapsulating Ag nanoparticles and Ag/carbon cables were selectively prepared by varying the concentration of ionic liquid. Other reaction parameters, such as reaction temperature, reaction time and the mole ratio of silver nitrate to glucose, play important roles in controlling the structures of the products. The products were characterized by XRD, TEM (HRTEM), SEM, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), FTIR spectroscopy and a Raman spectrometer. The possible formation mechanism was proposed. The catalytic property of the hybrid in the oxidation of 1-butanol by H₂O₂ was also investigated.     

A Cryptate Reference Electrode for Ionic Liquids

The cryptate electrode (Ag/Ag⁺222), prepared by immersing silver wire in a solution of silver(I) salt and the cryptand 222 (4,7,13,16,21,24‐hexaoxa‐1,10‐diazabicyclo[8.8.8]hexacosane) in ionic liquids have been studied. The potential of the electrode is stabilized by the equilibrium of the Ag⁺ ion complexation by the cryptand, similarly to the potential stabilization by the ionic product of slightly soluble salts, used in aqueous electrodes of the second kind. The Ag/Ag⁺222 cryptate electrode (concentration of the cryptate was much higher than the silver(I) cation concentration, [222]>[Ag⁺]) may be used as a reference electrode in room temperature ionic liquids. The potential of the Ag/Ag⁺222 electrode is less sensitive to the presence of impurities, such as halides or water, in comparison to the Ag/Ag⁺ electrode. After anodic or cathodic polarization, the potential of the Ag/Ag⁺222 electrode comes back to the initial open circuit potential quickly. Preparation of the Ag/Ag⁺222 reference electrode is very easy: a silver wire is immersed in a solution of Ag⁺ salt and cryptand 222 (both available commercially) in the ionic liquid under study.     

银纳米粒子的绿色合成及其对荧光素室温磷光的增强效应

以β-环糊精(β-CD)作为稳定剂, 葡萄糖为还原剂, 银氨溶液为前驱体, 实现了绿色化学方法合成银纳米粒子. 利用紫外-可见分光光度法(UV-Vis)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)、红外光谱法(FTIR)对产物进行了表征. 将银纳米粒子引入滤纸表面增强室温磷光(RTP)的研究, 发现银纳米粒子对醋酸铅诱导荧光素(FL)所得的RTP具有明显的增强效应, 并且随着银纳米粒子加入量的增加具有先增强后猝灭的趋势. 对β-CD与银纳米粒子的相互作用机理及银纳米粒子对FL RTP增强效应的作用机理进行了初步讨论.