绿色化学的进展

简介了绿色化学的任务、特点及当前应研究的几个中心问题。如寻找去除剧毒有害的化学原料、采用超临界流体作化学合成中的溶剂、计算机辅助绿色化学设计和用生物质作化工原料的研究等。     

绿色化学的进展

绿色化学是一门从源头上阻止污染的化学,近年来这方面的研究主要是围绕化学反应,原料,催化剂,溶剂和产品的绿色化开展的。根据这条主线,评述了绿色化学的一些主要研究进展。最后介绍了我国绿色化学的活动。     

“绿色化学”的项目式教学*——环氧乙烷制备工艺中的绿色化学

以“环氧乙烷制备工艺中的绿色化学”为项目式学习主题,以绿色化学概念学习、化学工艺中绿色化学的设计评价等为项目学习活动,探究绿色化学理念的教学设计。培养学生绿色化学意识,提升科学态度和社会责任的化学学科核心素养。     

系统思维指导下绿色化学教育的目标与实施策略

近20年来,化学教育工作者已充分认识到实施绿色化学教育对化学学科发展的重要性。系统思维被证明是促进可持续发展的重要思维模式。概述了绿色化学教育的发展和系统思维的基本特征,阐明了绿色化学教育的基本原则和主要内容,提出了以系统思维为指导,实施绿色化学教育的相关策略,为系统思维在化学教育领域的广泛实施,以及有效开展绿色化学教育提供有力的支撑。     

绿色分子印迹技术简论

解析了绿色分子印迹技术(GMIT)的概念;结合水相和其他新型分子印迹技术、聚合物辅助设计及新型原材料的发展,简要阐述GMIT的发展动向.指出在绿色化学日益深入人心的今天,有必要深入探索和发展绿色分子印迹技术,从而拓展分子印迹技术研究领域、促进绿色化学的发展.     

绿色化学及其绿色系统工程技术与环境友好

绿色化学理念的基本内涵既有微观意义又有宏观意义与工程技术的意义。绿色化学及其绿色技术在社会生产与生活、传统化学工业改造与创新、资源合理充分利用与循环再生、绿色净化与监测、环境保护与开发等方面发挥重要作用。实施绿色化学及其绿色系统工程技术,使社会生产、生活绿色化,实现人类与环境友好对话,建设“环境友好”家园,营造“环境和谐”生活,是坚持可持续发展、科学发展核心战略的重要举措,是当今世界人类面临的重大挑战与机遇。     

己内酰胺绿色生产技术

绿色化学的理想是实现反应的＂原子经济＂性,生产环境友好的绿色产品,这就要求原料中的每一个原子进入产品,不产生废物和副产品,并采用无毒无害的原料、催化剂和溶剂。根据绿色化学的理念,中国石化石油化工科学研究院历经20年,开发成功己内酰胺绿色生产技术,建成20万t/a工业生产装置。这项技术包括：单釜连续淤浆床与钛硅分子筛集成...     

在高职药物化学教学中融入绿色化学理念

绿色环保是社会发展的趋势,培养绿色环保的理念和技能是人才教育的责任。药物化学是高职高专药学类专业的核心课程,教学中尝试以绿色化学的12条原则为主线,引入实例,将绿色化学的理念和实施方法运用到药物化学的结构设计和工艺路线中,从而让学生理解绿色化学的12条原则,丰富学生关于药学领域的绿色化学经验和技能。     

中学化学中绿色化学教学的问题与对策

通过访谈发现,教师在呈现绿色化学时缺乏恰当的教学策略,学生对绿色化学内涵的理解比较浅薄。针对此问题,多次同课异构比较和分析的结果表明：教师应在教学设计时,多关注科技前沿的最新成果,以系统的、整合的方式呈现给学生真实的问题情境;在教学实施时,应激发学生内在动力,多维度地看待绿色化学,才能让绿色成为学生科学画卷的底色。     

世界各国绿色化学奖介绍

自1991年美国环保局提出绿色化学〗自1991年美国环保局提出绿色化学为世界各国普遍接受和大力实施可持续发展方针的重要组成部分,引起了化学界和工业界的新变革.随着社会发展的不断进步,人们对环境问题日益关注,使得传统化学举步维艰,难以进一步发展.     

延期开学期间化学类专业线上教学情况调研分析与建议

During the suspending of education for prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic, chemistry majors in colleges and universities actively responded to the requirements of the Ministry of Education that "class is suspended without stopping teaching, class suspension without learning suspension", and earnestly organized online teaching. The National Instructional Committee of Chemistry Higher Education designed three questionnaires for chemistry majors, teachers and students to make survey on the online teaching. Through analysis of the survey, some important problems and suggestions are put forward. It is of significance to promote the future online education and teaching reform of relevant courses of chemistry majors.     

初中化学教材中铁钉锈蚀实验的数字化改进

针对沪教版九年级化学上册教材中的“铁钉锈蚀实验”存在反应时间长、课堂操作难、可视化程度低、控制变量难等问题,结合数字化传感技术对该实验进行一系列的探究与改进,设计了2组对比实验,通过定量测定还原铁粉在生锈过程中的耗氧量,探究钢铁锈蚀的条件以及影响钢铁锈蚀速率的因素。     

A Simple Correlation between the Structures of Different Crystal Modifications of a Given Host–Guest Complex and their Crystallization Temperatures

The formation of different crystal modifications of a given host-guest complex depending on the crystallization temperature (pseudopolymorphism) is studied. It is shown that such pseudopolymorphism is a characteristic feature of versatile host compounds. A very important rule for host-guest chemistry is derived from the results of the X-ray structural investigations of pseudopolymorphs: the higher the crystallization temperature of the modification the more closed is the space occupied by guest molecules. On the basis of the formulated rule a recommendation for the topological control and solution of some central problems of supramolecular chemistry is proposed.     

环境污染是化学惹的祸吗

人们总是将环境污染与化学连在一起,并认为化学是环境污染的根源。本文在分析环境污染的产生、化学在环境保护方面的作为的基础上认为,产生环境问题的根源主要是人类对自然无节制的索取和向环境超量排放废弃物以及没有充分利用化学科学的力量根治源头。     

关于教材中热力学第二定律的若干逻辑问题

指出了一些物理化学教材在叙述热力学第二定律时存在的若干逻辑问题,表明它们违反了逻辑学中的同一律、不矛盾律和充足理由律。并从历史的角度简述了Carnot循环和Carnot机效率公式的由来。     

物理化学理论课教学和实验课教学相结合的一些探索

针对物理化学理论课和实验课教学的特点和存在的一些问题,结合教学实践阐述了物理化学课程教学中将理论课教学内容和实验课教学内容相结合的一些经验和方法,探讨了物理化学课程教学方法的一些改革措施和取得的效果。     

基于化学的“化学测量学与技术”新工科专业建设建议

The background of the establishment of "chemistry metrology and technology" as an emerging engineering education major based on chemistry is analyzed. Based on the national development strategy, aiming at the urgent demand of interdisciplinary talents for the rapid development of chemistry metrology and technology, the necessity of setting up the major of "chemistry metrology and technology" based on chemistry is demonstrated. Based on the investigation of professional talents in instrument development enterprises and application fields, some suggestions on the program of "chemistry metrology and technology" major including orientation, objectives, graduation requirements and professional training are provided. Some requirements of the curriculum, teaching staff and teaching conditions are put forward.     

分析化学在线课堂引入实验视频教学模式改革

The current situation of analytical chemistry teaching and reform, as well as some problems in micro-videos of online classroom was analyzed. In order to solve these problems, short experimental videos were introduced to the online classroom to demonstrate experimental methods. The new teaching mode achieves mutual integration and promotion of the classroom teaching and laboratory teaching, providing opportunities and challenges for the teaching reform of chemistry online course. The results of the teaching reform were investigated and analyzed by questionnaire.     

Resolution of two-way data: theoretical background and practical problem-solving Part 1: Theoretical background and methodology

This paper reviews recent progress in the resolution of two-way data obtained from hyphenated instruments. Special emphasis is placed on the solution of practical problems. Methods for estimating the number of chemical components both statistically and visually (the first step in solving the resolution problem) and methods for resolving the pure profiles (the second step in solving the resolution problem) are discussed in detail. To deal with real-world problems, pitfalls in the chemometric analysis of the two-way data from the instrumental measurements are also pointed out. Applications of methods for solving some difficult practical problems in environmental chemistry, pharmaceutical chemistry, and physical chemistry will be discussed in the second part of this paper.