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1.
pH位移法评定阻垢剂的阻垢性能   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
介绍了一种评定阻垢剂性能的新方法,即在某一pH范围内,通过测定加入阻垢剂后Ca(HCO3)2过饱和溶液的起始PH与一定时间后的稳定PH之差,根据差值的变化评定阻垢的阻垢性能,通过与国内普遍采用的评定阻垢剂性能的方法-静态阻垢法和鼓泡法的比较,证明此法简便、快捷,重现性好,可信度高。  相似文献   

2.
阻垢剂阻BaSO4垢性能的电导滴定评价法   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
采用一种基于电导滴定原理的评价方法,通过测定电导滴定过程中不同阻垢剂在相同浓度下所能维持的BaSO4的最大相对过饱和度来评价阻垢性能。实验对阻垢剂聚环氧琥珀酸(PESA)、聚天冬氨酸(PASP)、二亚乙基三胺五亚甲基膦(DEPTMP)、六偏磷酯钠(SHMP)阻BaSO4垢的性能分别采用了电导滴定法及静态阻垢法进行测定并比较。电导滴定法对阻垢剂阻BaSO4垢性能的测试结果表明,阻垢剂PESA、PASP、DTPMP和SHMP对BaSO4垢的阻垢能力大小为:PESA>PASP>DEPTMP>SHMP,这与静态阻垢法的实验结果一致,表明电导滴定法与静态阻垢法对阻垢剂阻BaSO4垢的评价结果具有一致性,电导滴定法评价阻垢剂对BaSO4垢的阻垢性能具有快速、简单、易行的优点。而且实验表明,电导滴定法的RSD为0.020,而静态阻垢法为0.069,说明电导滴定法的重现性优于静态阻垢法。该法还可用于评价阻垢剂对BaSO4垢的协同阻垢效应。  相似文献   

3.
石文艳  褚玉婷  许伟  邵荣  张跃华 《化学通报》2016,79(11):1068-1072
以衣康酸(IA)、天冬氨酸(ASP)及苯乙烯磺酸钠(SSS)为单体,过硫酸铵为引发剂,采用水溶液自由基聚合法合成了IA-ASP-SSS三元共聚物,并对产物结构进行红外表征。探讨单体配比、引发剂用量、聚合温度、反应时间对共聚物阻垢性能的影响,通过正交实验和单因素实验确定最佳合成条件。采用静态阻垢法考察阻垢剂用量、钙离子浓度对阻垢性能的影响。结果表明:共聚单体的物质的量比(nASP:nIA:nSSS)为1:1:0.1、引发剂用量为单体总质量的9%、反应温度85℃且反应时间3h时,合成的IA-ASP-SSS共聚物对碳酸钙、磷酸钙及硫酸钙的阻垢率皆在95%以上,且此共聚物阻垢剂适用于高硬度水环境。  相似文献   

4.
聚天冬氨酸是一种无毒、无磷、可生物降解的绿色环保型水处理剂,具有良好的阻垢性能.在简要回顾阻垢剂的发展历史以及聚天冬氨酸合成的基础上,综述了近几年聚天冬氨酸作为阻垢剂的研究进展.主要是通过在侧链上引入具有阻垢效果的功能基团,改性后的聚天冬氨酸具有更好的阻垢性能或其他性能.对这一领域的发展方向做了展望.  相似文献   

5.
聚环氧磺羧酸的合成及其阻垢性能   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
聚环氧磺羧酸的合成及其阻垢性能;聚环氧磺羧酸; 聚环氧琥珀酸; 阻垢剂  相似文献   

6.
窄分子量分布的聚丙烯酸的合成及其阻垢性能   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
吴伟  张凌云  阎虎生 《应用化学》2007,24(9):1050-1053
以水为溶剂,采用可逆加成-断裂链转移自由基聚合(RAFT)方法,合成了分子量2400~9000的聚丙烯酸。GPC分析表明,所合成的聚丙烯酸具有很窄的分子量分布(多分散系数PDI约为1.2)。阻垢性能测定结果表明,用RAFT方法合成的聚丙烯酸比采用普通自由基聚合得到的商品聚丙烯酸阻垢剂具有更好的阻垢性能。如当分子量约为2400的聚丙烯酸的质量浓度分别为2和10mg/L时,其阻碳酸钙垢的阻垢率分别为83.8%和97.5%,而在相同质量浓度下商品聚丙烯酸阻垢剂的阻碳酸钙垢的阻垢率则仅分别为21.3%和42.9%。阻垢作用随温度升高(50~90℃)而降低的幅度也明显小于商品聚丙烯酸阻垢剂,80℃时二者的阻垢作用差别最大,而这正是一般冷却水达到的最高温度。在所研究的分子量范围内,所合成的聚丙烯酸分子量愈小则其阻垢性能愈好。  相似文献   

7.
在模拟循环水中,通过静态阻垢实验研究了HEDP,PBTCA,ATMP和EDTMP对碳酸钙的阻垢性能,在相同的加药浓度下(按物质的量浓度计)阻垢性能的强弱顺序为HEDPPBTCAATMPEDTMP;同时采用分子动力学方法,模拟计算了阻垢剂负二价离子与方解石(104),(102),(202)和(113)面的相互作用.结果表明:阻垢剂分子中的膦酸基团和羧酸基团与碳酸钙中的Ca2+形成的离子键对吸附起到了主要作用,同时阻垢剂与晶面间存在较弱的范德华力相互作用.阻垢剂与各晶面的结合能强弱顺序为(113)≥(102)≥(202)(104);分子中的羟基易与垢晶面形成氢键而加强阻垢效果;羧基的位置不同对阻垢作用的影响不同.将静态阻垢的实验结果与分子动力学模拟结果进行了相关性分析,发现阻垢剂在(104)面和(102)面上的吸附对阻垢作用的贡献较大.  相似文献   

8.
膦系阻垢剂阻碳酸钙垢机理的研究   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
在模拟循环水中, 通过静态阻垢实验研究了HEDP, PBTCA, ATMP和EDTMP对碳酸钙的阻垢性能, 在相同的加药浓度下(按物质的量浓度计)阻垢性能的强弱顺序为HEDP>PBTCA>ATMP>EDTMP; 同时采用分子动力学方法, 模拟计算了阻垢剂负二价离子与方解石(104), (102), (202)和(113)面的相互作用. 结果表明: 阻垢剂分子中的膦酸基团和羧酸基团与碳酸钙中的Ca2+形成的离子键对吸附起到了主要作用, 同时阻垢剂与晶面间存在较弱的范德华力相互作用. 阻垢剂与各晶面的结合能强弱顺序为(113)≥(102)≥(202)>(104); 分子中的羟基易与垢晶面形成氢键而加强阻垢效果; 羧基的位置不同对阻垢作用的影响不同. 将静态阻垢的实验结果与分子动力学模拟结果进行了相关性分析, 发现阻垢剂在(104)面和(102)面上的吸附对阻垢作用的贡献较大.  相似文献   

9.
针对目前国内使用的阻垢剂存在难降解、易造成水体富营养化等问题,以衣康酸(IA)、天冬氨酸(ASP)为单体,过硫酸铵为引发剂,采用水溶液自由基聚合法合成了可生物降解的IA-ASP二元共聚物,并对产物结构进行红外表征。探讨单体配比、引发剂用量、聚合温度、反应时间对共聚物阻垢性能的影响,通过正交实验和单因素实验确定最佳合成条件。采用静态阻垢法考察阻垢剂用量、阻垢实验温度对阻碳酸钙垢性能的影响,并借助扫描电镜观察碳酸钙垢的晶体形貌,探讨其阻垢机理。结果表明:共聚单体的物质的量比(n_(IA)∶n_(ASP))为4∶1,引发剂用量为单体总质量的9%,反应温度85℃,反应时间2 h时,合成的IA-ASP共聚物对碳酸钙的阻垢率可达95%以上。IA-ASP共聚物作为阻垢剂适用于中低水温环境,其阻垢率随阻垢剂用量增加逐渐提高,最终趋于平缓。IA-ASP共聚物阻垢机理主要涉及螯合、分散作用及晶格畸变。  相似文献   

10.
含磷高分子马来酸酐共聚物的阻垢性能   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
研究了以水为溶剂合成的阻垢功能高分子马来酸酐-丙烯酸-氮川三甲叉膦酸共聚物(PMAN)对CaCO3、CaSO4和Ca2(PO4)3合成水的阻垢效果.探讨了共聚物分散氧化铁的能力及药剂用量、温度、pH值、水体硬度对阻垢率的影响.共聚物的合成工艺及应用符合环保要求。其阻垢性能优于常用的阻垢剂.  相似文献   

11.
The influence of the Ca++ and inhibitor concentrations, pH, and temperature on the phase behaviour and precipitation yield of a phosphinopolyacrylate scale inhibitor, PPAA, has been studied. The results are interpreted in terms of the chemical processes governing PPAA-Ca++ complexation, and evidence for the role of inhibitor molecular weight in determining the degree of precipitation is produced. Comparative adsorption and precipitation squeezes, carried out in sandpacks, demonstrate that significant enhancement of the treatment lifetime can be achieved when conditions giving extensive inhibitor precipitation are used. The sandpack experiments and dissolution studies on the precipitated inhibitor both suggest strongly that kinetic phenomena influence the return level of inhibitor in the field. Together these studies point the way to approaches for optimising inhibitor precipitation squeeze treatments in order to control scale deposition in petroleum reservoirs.  相似文献   

12.
A new scale inhibitor MA/AA/MA-β-CD/SHP was prepared from maleic anhydride, acrylic acid, sodium hypophosphite, and MA-β-CD via the method of free radical polymerization in aqueous solution. The MA-β-CD was obtained through the modification of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) with maleic anhydride (MA). Results of performance evaluation showed that the synthesized copolymer has excellent scale inhibition effect for the calcium scale, and the resistance rate of silicon scale up to 79.81%. The structure, thermal property, and morphology of the copolymer were characterized by FTIR, TGA, and SEM. From crystallization data and morphology of the scale crystals it was found that the copolymer scale inhibitor can make the crystal lattice distortion, and has a good dispersing ability after addition of the scale inhibitor.  相似文献   

13.
As is well known, controlling the local magnetic field distribution on the micrometer scale in a microfluidic chip is significant and has many applications in bioanalysis based on magnetic beads. However, it is a challenge to tailor the magnetic field introduced by external permanent magnets or electromagnets on the micrometer scale. Here, we demonstrated a simple approach to controlling the local magnetic field distribution on the micrometer scale in a microfluidic chip by nickel patterns encapsulated in a thin poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) film under the fluid channel. With the precisely controlled magnetic field, magnetic bead patterns were convenient to generate. Moreover, two kinds of fluorescent magnetic beads were patterned in the microfluidic channel, which demonstrated that it was possible to generate different functional magnetic bead patterns in situ, and could be used for the detection of multiple targets. In addition, this method was applied to generate cancer cell patterns.  相似文献   

14.
荧光法测定食物中牛磺酸   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
利用荧光吸光光度法测定食物中牛磺酸含量,测定的相对标准偏差小于4.4%,标准加入回收率在92.0%-102%之间。样品经过前处理,避免了其它氨基酸的干扰。方法具有选择性好、操作简便等优点,适用于食物中牛磺酸的测定。  相似文献   

15.
脱乙酰甲壳质脱乙酰度测定方法   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
脱乙酰甲壳质的脱乙酰度测定有多种方法,本文较详细地介绍了在我们工作中采用过的氢溴酸盐法、电位滴定法、指示剂酸碱滴定法和红外光谱法。根据对红外光谱法的研究结果,指出了由于酰胺Ⅱ1500cm~(-1+峰受样品含水量的影响不大,因而 A_(1550)/A_(2867),A_(1550)/A_(1420)和 A_(1550)/A_(1387)对脱乙酰度的关系均可得到线性关系,特别是 A_(1550)/A_(1420)对脱乙酰度的线性关系更适合于作为脱乙酰度的测定。此外,文中还简要介绍了胶体滴定法,苦味酸法,水杨醛法,紫外光谱及紫外光谱—阶导数法,气相色谱法,凝胶渗透色谱法,园二色性测定法,热解分析法等测定脱乙酰度的方法,并对上述各种方法进行了简单的讨论。  相似文献   

16.
酸碱型体分布系数计算的新方法   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
基于代数法,借助浓度对数图建立了一种计算酸碱型体分布系数的新方法。用该方法计算酸碱型分布系数,仅需对PH值及相关PKa值作加减衣简单的对数和指数运算,计算结果与代数法吻合。  相似文献   

17.
To probe the scale inhibition mechanisms,calcium carbonate scale occurring before and after the ad- dition of scale inhibitors was collected.The results from scale SEM confirm that,without scale inhibitor, calcium carbonate scale shows rhombohedron and hexagon,which are the characteristic feathers of calcite.After addition of inhibitors,morphology of scale is changed,and the more efficient the scale inhibitor is,the more greatly the morphology is modified.To elucidate the scale constitute,they were further analyzed by FT-IR,XRD.Besides calcite,vaterite and aragonite occur in calcium carbonate scale after addition of inhibitors,and the higher scale inhibition efficiency is,the more vaterite presents in scale.It can be concluded that the alteration of morphology is ascribed to the change of crystal form. There are three stages in the crystallizing process including occurrence and disappearing of unstable phase,occurrence and disappearing of metastable phase,development of stable phase.Without scale inhibitors,metastable phases usually transform into stable phase,thus the main constitute of formed scale is calcite.When scale inhibitors are added,both formation and transformation of metastable phases are inhibited,which results in the occurrence of aragonite and vaterite.From the fact that more vaterite presents in scale with a more efficient scale inhibitor added,we can see that the function of scale inhibitor is realized mainly by controlling the crystallizing process at the second stage.  相似文献   

18.
In this work, the development of the eco-friendly comprehensive scale and corrosion inhibitor based on green polyaspartic acid (PASP) was presented. In this view, PASPG was prepared by a ring-opening graft modification reaction of polysuccinimide (PSI) with glycidyl. In addition, the molecular structure and the thermal stability of PASPG were characterized by using three different methods (FTIR, 1H NMR, and TGA). PASPG’s scale inhibition efficiency and corrosion inhibition efficiency were also evaluated, respectively. More concretely, the scale inhibition efficiency of PASPG achieved 94.6 % and 95.1 % for CaCO3 and CaSO4, respectively. With the aid of the FTIR and SEM measurement techniques, it was found that PASPG could induce the irregular growth of the CaCO3 and CaSO4 morphology and destroy the formation of crystals. On the other hand, the higher corrosion efficiency of 85.17 % was achieved by PASPG in comparison with PASP (72.53 %). PASPG is a mixed inhibitor and the adsorption of PASPG on the Q235 steel surface followed the Langmuir mono-layer adsorption isotherm. The formation of a protective film on the surface of carbon steel was proved by PASPG’s adsorption, which increased the resistance to be eroded. Thus, the surface of carbon steel can be effectively protected. The present work provides a simple and effective pathway for the synthesis of high-efficiency green scale and corrosion inhibitor, by introducing a functional group into the PASP chains. The implementation of such type of chemical modification method may also be an effective strategy for improving the efficiency of other polymers green scale and corrosion inhibitors.  相似文献   

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