液相色谱-串联质谱同时测定禽肉组织中盐酸金刚烷胺、盐酸金刚乙胺、地塞米松、替米考星及喹乙醇代谢物的残留量

建立了同时测定禽肉组织中盐酸金刚烷胺、盐酸金刚乙胺、地塞米松、替米考星及喹乙醇代谢物残留量的液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法。样品用2 mol/L氢氧化钠溶液水解,盐酸调节p H值后,以乙腈作为提取溶剂,经C18固相萃取柱净化。各待测物分别经0.1%甲酸甲醇溶液和氨化甲醇(0.1%氨水)洗脱,Phenomenex Kinetex C18(100 mm×4.6 mm,2.6μm)色谱柱进行分离,采用0.1%甲酸(含5 mmol/L乙酸铵)-甲醇作流动相,梯度洗脱,串联质谱法对5种药物含量进行测定。结果表明,5种药物在2~100μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.996 2~0.999 8。在加标浓度为5~50μg/kg的禽肉组织中,这5种药物的加标回收率为73.7%~92.3%,相对标准偏差(n=5)为3.9%~16.6%,检出限为0.2~3.0μg/kg,定量下限为0.7~10μg/kg。方法快速、简便、经济实用,符合法规要求,可满足日常检测的需要。     

基于石墨烯海绵的固相萃取-液相色谱法测定化妆品中6种紫外吸收剂

以石墨烯海绵(GS)为固相萃取材料,建立了固相萃取-高效液相色谱(SPE-HPLC)同时测定化妆品中6种紫外吸收剂的分析方法。样品经甲醇超声提取,用自制的石墨烯海绵固相萃取小柱净化富集,丙酮洗脱。采用Agilent Zorbax SB-C18色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)进行分离,甲醇-水(95∶5,v/v)为流动相,紫外检测波长为340 nm。结果表明,6种紫外吸收剂均在各自的范围内线性关系良好,2-(2′-羟基-5′-甲基苯基)苯并三氮唑的相关系数(r)0.997,其他5种r0.999。方法的检出限(LOD,S/N=3)和定量限(LOQ,S/N=10)分别为0.08~1.82μg/L和0.26~6.07μg/L。在20、50和100μg/L 3个加标水平下,6种目标物的加标回收率为61.1%~119.0%,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于1%(n=6)。该法简便、快速,灵敏度高,重复性好,适用于不同类型化妆品中紫外吸收剂的检测。     

固相萃取-超临界流体色谱-质谱联用同时快速测定中成药和保健食品中的12种抗过敏化学药物

建立了固相萃取-超临界流体色谱-质谱联用(SPE-SFC-MS/MS)快速检测中成药和保健食品中12种抗过敏化学药物的分析方法。样品经甲醇超声提取,Oasis MCX固相萃取柱净化。采用Waters Trefoil CEL1色谱柱(150mm×3.0 mm,2.5μm),以CO_2为流动相A,甲醇-氨水(100∶0.1,v/v)为流动相B,进行梯度洗脱。流速为1.2mL/min,柱温和背压分别为45℃和12.4×10~6Pa。12种抗过敏化学药物以电喷雾离子源在正离子或负离子模式下用多反应监测(MRM)方式进行监测,整个分析过程在10 min内完成。结果表明,12种化学药物在5~250μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r)均≥0.998,检出限(LOD)为0.141~0.262μg/L,定量限(LOQ)为0.703~1.308μg/L。3种加标水平(10、20和100μg/L)下,12种化学药物的平均回收率为76.1%~112.5%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.1%~8.3%。该法简便,灵敏性高,实用性强,可用于抗过敏类中成药和保健食品中非法添加抗过敏化学药物的检测。     

快速溶剂萃取-基质固相分散-高效液相色谱法测定牛肉中5种磺胺类药物残留

建立了同时测定牛肉中5种磺胺类药物残留量的快速溶剂萃取-基质固相分散-高效液相色谱分析方法。通过优化样品处理条件,确定选取1.0g牛肉样品与3.0g弗罗里硅土混合,以乙腈为萃取剂在120℃、10MPa条件下用快速溶剂萃取仪提取样品中的磺胺。采用UltimateXB-C18色谱柱(4.6mm×250mm×5μm)分离,乙腈-3%乙酸溶液(体积比25∶75)为流动相,流速1.0mL/min,柱温为30℃,在紫外检测波长268nm条件下进样10μL。5种磺胺类药物在0.5～10.0mg/kg范围内线性关系良好(r≥0.9995),检出限为0.011～0.030mg/kg,加标回收率为89%～109%,相对标准偏差(n=5)为0.5%～4.3%。     

固相萃取-超高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定水中13种苯胺类化合物

建立了固相萃取-超高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定水中13种苯胺类化合物。样品通过HC-C₁₈固相萃取小柱富集，洗脱后加入内标苯胺-D5进行氮吹浓缩，经HSS T3色谱柱(150 mm×2.1 mm,1.8μm)分离，采用多反应监测扫描模式，以内标法定量。13种苯胺类化合物在0.1～100μg/L(其中3-硝基苯胺为0.2～200μg/L)范围内与特征离子的色谱峰面积线性关系良好，相关系数均大于0.995，方法检出限为0.001～0.006μg/L，平均加标回收率为67.3%～117%，测定结果的相对标准偏差为3.77%～16.9%(n=6)。该法操作简单、稳定性好，能够满足实际水体中13种苯胺类化合物大批量样品分析的需求。     

反相固相萃取/超高效液相色谱-串联四极杆质谱仪同时测定污水中9种卤乙酸的方法研究

使用反相固相萃取预处理与超高效液相色谱-串联四极杆质谱仪(RSPE UPLC-MS/MS)联用建立了同时测定污水中9种卤乙酸(HAAs)的分析方法。研究表明:ENVI-C18固相萃取小柱能有效去除污水样品中有机基质的干扰,样品pH值调至2.5能有效消除无机离子对HAAs离子化的影响;采用HSST3(2.1 mm×100 mm)色谱柱,以甲醇和0.000 5%甲酸为流动相,可在15.0 min内将9种HAAs分离且效果良好。采用优化后的程序建立标准曲线,9种HAAs的线性范围为0.5~100μg/L,相关系数(r2)为0.999 7~0.999 9,检出限和定量下限分别为0.02~0.26μg/L和0.05~0.86μg/L,日内和日间相对标准偏差分别为1.4%~10.0%和1.7%~10.0%。3个污水处理厂出水在2.5μg/L和10μg/L的加标浓度水平下,回收率为85.2%~107.8%。该方法能够满足污水处理厂出水中9种HAAs的检测要求。     

固相萃取-微乳液相色谱法对化妆品中8种激素的同时测定

建立了固相萃取-微乳液相色谱同时测定化妆品中糖皮质激素、雌激素、雄激素、孕激素等8种激素药物的新方法。化妆品样品用甲醇超声提取,经Cleanert ODS-SPE固相萃取柱纯化后,以Venusil ASB C8(T)(4.6 mm×200 mm,5μm,30 nm)为色谱柱,3.0%十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)-6.6%正丁醇-0.8%正辛烷-89.6%水为流动相,检测波长为240 nm。结果表明,8种激素在15 min内达到基线分离,线性范围为0.5~30 mg/L,相关系数r均大于0.999 5。在低、中、高3种加标水平下,8种激素的平均回收率为82%~109%;相对标准偏差为1.5%~5.4%;检出限为0.04~0.07 ng。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱法同时测定牛奶中13种磺胺残留

建立了固相萃取-高效液相色谱同时测定牛奶中13种磺胺类药物残留的方法。样品经乙腈溶液漩涡超声提取后,采用自制碱性氧化铝固相萃取小柱(SPE)净化,洗脱液减压浓缩至近干后用流动相溶解并定容,过PTFE滤膜后在Thermo Fisher Scientific ODS hypersil色谱柱上,以乙腈-20 mmol/L H3PO4溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,检测波长为270 nm。13种磺胺在50~5000μg/L范围内具有良好的线性,相关系数≥0.999,检出限为2.0~4.2μg/L,定量限为8.9~14.2μg/L。在20,50,100μg/L添加水平的加标回收率为79.0%~118.2%,相对标准偏差在2.7%~6.9%之间。方法能对牛奶中13种磺胺类药物残留实现准确定量分析。     

固相萃取/高效液相色谱法对肝癌细胞中多西紫杉醇的测定

建立了固相萃取/高效液相色谱法测定肝癌细胞中多西紫杉醇浓度的方法。细胞样品经三氯乙酸沉淀蛋白,Bond-elut C18固相萃取柱提取,采用Agilent TC-C18(5μm,4.6 mm×150 mm)色谱柱分析,以乙腈-0.02 mol/L醋酸铵缓冲液(体积比50∶50,醋酸调至pH5.0)为流动相,流速为1 mL/min,检测波长为230nm,进样体积为20μL。多西紫杉醇的质量浓度在0.05~2.25 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r=0.999 3,检出限为0.03 mg/L,提取回收率为93%~95%,其日内、日间精密度(n=5)不大于6.9%,且稳定性良好。方法简便、快速、灵敏度高、干扰小,可用于生物样品中低浓度多西紫杉醇的测定。     

固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定饲料中的3种雌激素

建立了固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(SPE-UPLC-MS/MS)同时测定饲料(预混合、配合和浓缩饲料)中3种雌激素(17β-雌二醇、苯甲酸雌二醇和戊酸雌二醇)的检测方法。饲料样品经乙腈提取,Heaion C18固相萃取柱净化后,用ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18色谱柱(50 mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm)分离,乙腈和0.1%氨水溶液作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,多反应监测(MRM)模式检测,内标法定量。结果表明,17β-雌二醇和戊酸雌二醇在10~200μg/L、苯甲酸雌二醇在5~200μg/L范围内具有良好线性,相关系数(r)≥0.996。17β-雌二醇、苯甲酸雌二醇和戊酸雌二醇的检出限分别为7、5和7μg/kg。样品的平均加标回收率为96.5%~102.0%。该法前处理操作简便、分析速度快、检出限低、准确度高,可用于饲料中3种雌激素的同时检测。     

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能李悦生，丁孟贤，徐纪平（浙江大学高分子科学与工程研究所，杭州，３１００２７）（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所）关键词聚醚酰亚胺，聚酯酰亚胺，膜，透气性通常的聚酰亚胺加工性能较差，在芳环二酐的苯环间引入醚键等柔性基团后，其...     

微量元素与疾病诊断治疗的研究现状及展望

对国内外微量元素与疾病的关系及其诊断治疗的研究现状及研究动向进行了综述，包括：微量元素与地方病、癌肿、心血管病、糖尿病、眼病、神经系统病等。参考文献72篇。     

Determination and study on residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil

A QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method for the determination of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been developed in this study. The residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil were determined with the developed method. The half-lives of benazolin-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 3.7–5.1 days and 14.3–26.3 days, respectively. The half-lives of quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 5.0-6.1 days and 0.3–9.7 days, respectively. The residue of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rapeseed and soil were below the detection limit (i.e., 0.5?mg?kg^?1, the maximum residue level of European Union for quizalofop-p-ethyl).     

Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的物相结构与组分优化设计

Ti-V基储氢合金在室温、常压下即可表现出良好的储氢特性,且质量储氢容量明显高于传统AB₅型储氢合金,从而在氢气的精制和回收、运输和储存及热泵等方面有较早的应用。 此外,在混合气体分离、核反应堆中处理氢的同位素、镍氢电池及燃料电池负极材料等方面也得到了广泛的研究与关注。 基于目前Ti-V基储氢合金的研究现状,概述了该类合金的优势、限制性因素(包括成因)及改性手段。 此外,为了进一步理解Ti-V基合金储氢机理、构建合金组分与储氢特性之间的对应关系,本工作重点围绕Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的结构、组分优化设计展开综述,并对其未来研究方向做出展望。     

Synthesis and Optical and Redox Properties of Symmetric and Asymmetric BODIPYs

Herein, we present the synthetic route and the photophysical, electrochemical as well as laser properties of novel red‐emitting boron‐dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) bearing arylethyne moieties. Such functionality is added along the main axis of the chromophore leading to single‐ and double‐substituted derivatives. The relationship between the dye structure and the lasing properties is studied in detail with the help of the photophysical and electrochemical properties as well as quantum mechanical simulations. The asymmetric substitution of the parent dye induces inhomogeneities in the charge distribution, which leads to an overall loss of the fluorescence capacity, mainly in polar media. Such non‐radiative deactivation processes can be softened by decreasing the electron‐donor ability of the substituent or even avoided by symmetrical substitution. Thus, grafting of the arylethyne moieties at the longitudinal axis of the indacene core results in an effective strategy to develop red‐edge BODIPYs with highly efficient and photostable laser emission.     

钒与糖代谢及糖尿病

微量元素钒作为生物体内必需元素，经证实有很重要的生理学功能，与机体糖代谢有十分密切的关系，且能降低糖尿病动物模型的高血糖，极有可能被开发为治疗糖尿病的药物。     

Conformations and steric and stacking interactions of trisubstituted ureas and thioureas with alkyl and phenyl groups

The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of various trisubstituted ureas of the R₂UPh type and -thioureas of the R₂TUPh type have been studied. The trans—out isomerism in the former and the trans—out—cis isomerism in the latter are discussed from the point of view of steric effect. The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of RPhUPh and RPhTUPh are also examined. The single band appearing in the spectrum of both ureas is characteristic of the cis form; this suggests the existence of phenyl—phenyl interaction (the stacking interaction proposed by Galabov et al. [10]). Behavior of ν(N—H) vibrations at several concentrations is shown to be clearly different in the three forms (trans, out and cis). The presence of the cis form is confirmed by solvent effect experiments.     

Ferrocene and ferrocenium modified clays and their styrene and EVA composites

In this work, ferrocene- and ferrocenium-containing salts were employed to modify montmorillonite. X-ray measurements show an increase in the interlayer spacing upon clay modification, which means that the larger and more organophilic cations were inserted into the gallery space of montmorillonite. Attempts to prepare nanocomposites of polystyrene and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers lead to immiscible systems; the morphology of these systems was elucidated with TEM, XRD and cone calorimetry. The thermal stability of the composites is greater than that of the virgin polymer.     

Homo- and copolymerizaton of norbornene and norbornene derivative with Ni- and Pd-based β-ketoiminato complexes and MAO

Neutral nickel(II) and palladium(II) complexes bearing β-ketoiminato ligand have been synthesized. The two complexes have been investigated as catalyst for the polymerization. Using methylaluminoxane (MAO) as a cocatalyst, both complexes produce vinyl-addition polynorbornenes, but palladium(II) complex displays much higher activity up to 8.0 × 10⁷ g/(molPd h). Furthermore, both Ni(II) and Pd(II)/MAO system can efficiently copolymerize norbornene and 5-norbornene-2-yl acetate (NB-OCOMe) in moderate yields and in relatively high molecular weights. The analyses of the product by FTIR, ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR spectra give the verification of vinyl addition copolymer. The copolymers show narrow molecular weight distribution and good solubility in common organic solvents.