锌(II)与bipyO2三核配合物的合成和气敏性

锌(ＩＩ)与2,2′ 联吡啶 1,1′ 二氧化物ｂｙｐｙＯ2形成的配合物主要有[Ｚｎ(ｂｉｐｙＯ2)3](ＣｌＯ4)·2Ｈ2Ｏ、[Ｚｎ(ｂｉｐｙＯ2)3](ＰｔＣｌ4)·2Ｈ2Ｏ和[Ｃｏ(ｂｉｐｙＯ2)2(ＮＣＳ)2]等。我们在ＤＭＦ溶剂中合成了锌(ＩＩ)与ｂｉｐｙＯ2形成的三核配合物,测定了它的组成及ＩＲ谱气敏特性,发现对氨气有很高的敏感性和选择性。用它制作的传感器具有灵敏度高、选择性好、能耗低和常温下工作的特点,在涉氨化工生产的自动控制和氨气泄漏报警方面有一定的应用前景。1　实验部分ｂｉｐｙＯ2按文献[1]制备,经重结晶得白色晶体。Ｃ10Ｈ8Ｎ…     

稀土元素与NEB二元配合物的pH电位法分析

氨三乙氧基三苯甲酸(ＮＥＢ)(ＮＥＢ·ＨＣｌ的分子结构式见下图)作为有立体选择性的配体,它与铀酰离子ＵＯ2(Ⅱ)配位作用已有报导[1]。在对ＮＥＢ质子化常数及二元体系Ｍ(Ⅱ)-ＮＥＢ·ＨＣｌ(Ｍ=Ｃｄ、Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｕ和Ｚｎ)配合物的稳定常数测定的基础上[2],本文在25℃及离子强度为0 2ｍｏｌ/ＬＫＮＯ3的条件下,用精密ｐＨ电位法考察二元体系ＲＥ(ＩＩＩ)—ＮＥＢ(ＲＥ=Ｌａ→Ｎｄ,Ｓｍ→Ｌｕ,Ｙ)中存在的配合物物种及其稳定常数。ＮＥＢ·ＨＣｌ结构式1　实验部分1 1　试剂和仪器ＮＥＢ·ＨＣｌ(Ｈ3Ｌ·ＨＣｌ,Ｌ3-=Ｃ27Ｈ24ＮＯ9)…     

镧与L-酪氨酸和甘氨酸三元固态配合物的热化学研究

由于稀土元素镧与氨基酸形成的配合物具有抗癌、抗肿瘤活性 ,人们对稀土氨基酸配合物的研究产生了浓厚兴趣。有关这类配合物的制备和表征的研究较多[1～ 4] ,而对其热化学性质的研究较少。我们按文献[5] 方法合成了配合物Ｌａ(Ｔｙｒ)(Ｇｌｙ) 3Ｃｌ3·3Ｈ2 Ｏ(ｓ) ,在自行研制的具有恒定温度环境反应热量计上 ,分别测定了Ｌａ2 Ｏ3(ｓ)、氨基酸 [Ｌ 酪氨酸 (Ｌｙｒ) +甘氨酸 (Ｇｌｙ) ]和配合物在2ｍｏｌ·Ｌ- 1 ＨＣｌ溶液中的溶解焓 ,通过设计的热化学循环得出配合反应焓 ,进而计算出Ｌａ(Ｔｙｒ)(Ｇｌｙ) 3Ｃｌ3·3Ｈ2 Ｏ(ｓ)的标准摩尔…     

LaCl_3·3H_2O－18C6－C_2H_5OH体系（25℃）的相平衡研究及

采用半微量相平衡方法研究了ＬａＣｌ_３·３Ｈ_２Ｏ－１８Ｃ６－Ｃ_２Ｈ_５ＯＨ三元体系在２５℃时的溶解度，测定了各饱和溶液的折光率。结果表明：该体系在２５℃时形成了３种化学计量的配合物，组成分别为ＬａＣｌ_３·１８Ｃ６·３Ｈ_２Ｏ·２ＬａＣｌ－３·１８Ｃ６·６Ｈ_２Ｏ·Ｃ_２Ｈ_５ＯＨ及３ＬａＣｌ_３·１８Ｃ６·９Ｈ_２Ｏ·Ｃ_２Ｈ_５ＯＨ．考察了相平衡过程中水的行为，结果表明：无论在液相还是在固相中，Ｈ_２Ｏ／ＬａＣｌ_３的摩尔比总是３：１．制备了固态配合物，用ＩＲ、ＤＴＧ、ＴＧ与ＤＳＣ研究了配合物的组成与性质。由ＤＳＣ得到配合物不同分解步骤的焓变．     

Gd（ClO_4）_3·3H_2O－18C6－CH_3CN三元体系25℃相平衡研究及配合物的合成与表征

采用半微量相平衡方法研究了Ｇｄ（ＣｌＯ_４）_３·３Ｈ_２Ｏ－１８Ｃ６－ＣＨ_３ＣＮ三元体系在２５℃时的溶解度，测定了饱和溶液的折光率。结果表明，该体系在２５℃时形成两种化学计量的配合物，其组成分别为：Ｇｄ（ＣｌＯ_４）_３·１８Ｃ６·３Ｈ_２Ｏ·２ＣＨ_３ＣＮ和Ｇｄ（ＣｌＯ_４）_３·２（１８Ｃ６）·３Ｈ_２Ｏ·２ＣＨ_３ＣＮ，制备了固态配合物，用化学分析及元素分析、ＩＲ、ＤＴＧ、ＴＧ及ＤＳＣ等研究了配合物的组成与性质。     

三元体系Y（ClO_4）_3·3H_2O—B15C5—CH_3OH（25℃）的半

采用半微量相平衡方法研究了三元体系Ｙ（ＣｌＯ４）３·３Ｈ２Ｏ－Ｂ１５Ｃ５—ＣＨ３ＯＨ在２５℃的溶解度，测定了各饱和溶液的折光率．该体系在２５℃生成三种化学计量的配合物，其组成分别为：４Ｙ（ＣｌＯ４）３·３Ｂ１５Ｃ５·１２Ｈ２Ｏ·１２ＣＨ３ＯＨ（Ⅰ）、Ｙ（ＣｌＯ４）３·Ｂ１５Ｃ５·３Ｈ２Ｏ·１．５ＣＨ３ＯＨ（Ⅱ）与Ｙ（ＣｌＯ４）３·２Ｂ１５Ｃ５·３Ｈ２Ｏ·ＣＨ３ＯＨ（Ⅲ），其中配合物（Ⅰ）和（Ⅱ）是溶解不一致化合物．在甲醇溶剂中，分离制备了配合物（Ⅲ），在６９—７２℃下干燥得到配合物Ｙ（ＣｌＯ４）３·２Ｂ１５Ｃ５·３Ｈ２Ｏ．利用ＩＲ光谱、电导测量及Ｘ－射线衍射分析对配合物进行了表征．     

三水合氯化镨与18C6在乙醇中的配位行为及配合物的合成与表征

采用半微量相平衡方法研究了ＰｒＣｌ_３·３Ｈ_２Ｏ－１８Ｃ６－Ｃ_２Ｈ_５ＯＨ三元体系在２５℃的溶解度，测定了各饱和溶液的折光率。在该体系中有三种比学计量的配合物形成，其化学组成为：２ＰｒＣｌ_３·１８Ｃ６·６Ｈ_２Ｏ·Ｃ_２Ｈ_５ＯＨ、４ＰｒＣｌ_３·３（１８Ｃ６）·１２Ｈ_２Ｏ和ＰｒＣｌ_３·１８Ｃ６·３Ｈ_２Ｏ，依据相平衡结果，合成了三种固态配合物，利用化学分析、ＩＲ、ＴＧ、ＤＴＧ、ＤＳＣ及电导研究了配合物的组成和性质。     

磷钨钴和磷钨镍杂多酸化学修饰电极的研究

杂多酸由于组成和结构上的特点,在电化学和电分析化学领域有着广泛应用[1,2]。迄今为止,有关磷钨钴和磷钨镍三元杂多酸化学修饰电极还未见报道。本文按文献方法[3]合成了磷钨钴(Ｈ3ＰＷ11ＣｏＯ40·ｘＨ2Ｏ)和磷钨镍(Ｈ3ＰＷ11ＮｉＯ40·ｘＨ2Ｏ)杂多酸,分别以Ｈ3ＰＷ12Ｏ40·ｘＨ2Ｏ、Ｈ3ＰＷ11ＣｏＯ40·ｘＨ2Ｏ和Ｈ3ＰＷ11ＮｉＯ40·ｘＨ2Ｏ杂多酸(以下简写为Ｈ3ＰＷ11ＭＯ40·ｘＨ2Ｏ,其中Ｍ代表Ｗ,Ｃｏ和Ｎｉ)为修饰剂,采用电化学方法在导电基体玻碳(ＧＣ)电极上制备了Ｈ3ＰＷ11ＭＯ40/ＧＣ膜修饰电极,制备过程简便、快速。对膜电极的…     

羟基磷灰石合成工艺研究

羟基磷灰石 [Ｃａ10 (ＰＯ4 ) 6(ＯＨ) 2 ,简称ＨＡＰ]是80年代发展起来的新型牙科、骨科材料 ,其成份接近生物体骨质的无机成份 ,能诱发新骨生长 ,具有良好的生物相容性。ＨＡＰ的制备方法较多 ,有溶胶 凝胶法[1,2 ] 、沉淀法、电化学合成法[3 ,4 ] 等。1　实验1 1　试剂与仪器所用试剂除磷酸三丁酯为化学纯外 ,其它都是分析纯。美国尼高力公司 (ＮＩＣＯＬＥＴ)傅里叶变换红外光谱仪 (ＭＡＧＮＡ 5 5 0 (Ⅱ ) )。1 2　ＨＡＰ的制备1 2 1　溶胶 凝胶法合成ＨＡＰ　我们以不同原料制备了ＨＡＰ。第一种方法是以Ｃａ(ＮＯ3)2 与磷酸三丁…     

Y（ClO_4）_3·3H_2O－B15C5－CH_3CN三元体系在20℃时的半

采用半微量相平衡方法研究了Ｙ（ＣｌＯ_４）_３·３Ｈ_２Ｏ－Ｂｌ５Ｃ５－ＣＨ_３ＣＮ三元体系在２０℃时的溶解度，测定了各饱和溶液的折光率．该体系于２０℃生成两种化学计量的配合物，其组成分别为Ｙ（ＣｌＯ_４）_３·Ｂ１５Ｃ５·３Ｈ_２Ｏ·２．５ＣＨ_３ＣＮ和Ｙ（ＣｌＯ_４）_３·２Ｂ１５Ｃ５·３Ｈ_２Ｏ·ＣＨ_３ＣＮ。用ＩＲ光谱、电导、ＤＴＧ、ＴＧ和ＤＳＣ研究了配合物的组成和性质。     

Solubilisation von Anthracen in wäßrigen Lösungen von Natriumdodecylsulfat

Summary A colloidal solution of cobalt tungstate of negative charge and highly lyophilic character was prepared by mixing sodium tungstate and cobalt chloride solutions in presence of glycerine and caustic soda. The sol exhibits protective action against the electrolytic coagulation of hydrophobic sols of opposite electrical character. In its coagulation both the anions and cations follow theHofmeister series. The sol is highly viscous and exhibits the acclimatisation effect and also the ionic antagonism.     

Influence of various monovalent cations and calcium ion on the colloidal fouling potential

The influence of various monovalent cations and of divalent calcium ions on colloidal fouling strength was investigated quantitatively on a bench-scale ultrafiltration device. A higher colloidal fouling potential (k) was consistently observed with lithium chloride compared to the same ionic strengths of chlorides of other monovalent cations (Na+, K+, and Cs+). This observation was attributed to the formation of an impervious layer around the colloidal particle by lithium ions that prevented the repulsive forces due to the interaction of the silica hairs formed on the particles in the presence of water. The impact of the divalent calcium ion on the fouling potential was more complex. The fouling potential first increased with calcium ion concentration and then decreased. The maximum value of fouling potential occurred at the ionic strength corresponding to the critical coagulation concentration, which decreased with increasing colloid concentration. The colloidal fouling potential was well correlated by a bilinear relationship with colloid concentration and ionic strength for all salts tested under the critical coagulation concentration.     

Dual-stimuli responsive behaviors of diblock polyampholyte PDMAEMA-b-PAA in aqueous solution

The rheological behaviour of aqueous suspensions of boehmite (AlO(OH)) modified with different Ce-salts (Ce(NO(3))(3), CeCl(3), Ce(CH(3)COO)(3) and Ce(2)(SO(4))(3)) was investigated at a fixed Ce/Al molar ratio (0.05). Freshly prepared boehmite suspensions were near-Newtonian and time-independent. A shear-sensitive thixotropic network developed when Ce-salts with monovalent anions were introduced in the nanoparticle sols. The extent of particle aggregation dramatically increased with ageing for Ce(NO(3))(3) and CeCl(3) whereas an equilibrium value was reached with Ce(CH(3)COO)(3). The addition of Ce(2)(SO(4))(3) with divalent anions involved no thixotropy but rather a sudden phase separation. The combined data set of IRTF and DRIFT spectra indicated that free NO(3)(-) anions of peptized boehmite adsorb on the nanoparticle surface by H-bond. The introduction of Ce-salts in the boehmite sol led to the coordination between Ce(3+) ions and NO(3)(-) anions adsorbed on boehmite i.e. to [Ce(NO(3))(4)(H(2)O)(x)](-) complex. Such coordination led to a thixotropic behaviour which was lower with Ce(NO(3))(3) compared to CeCl(3) and Ce(CH(3)COO)(3). In contrast, Ce(2)(SO(4))(3) formed insoluble complexes with dissolved aluminium species. The formation of H-bonded surface nitrate complexes was found to play a decisive role on the particle-particle interactions and consequently on the rheological behaviour of the sols.     

对二甲氨基苯甲酸的阴离子识别应用研究

采用紫外分光光度法和荧光分光光度法研究了主体分子对二甲氨基苯甲酸与HPO42-、SO42-、H2PO4-、ClO4-、HSO4-、NO3-、BF4-、PF6-、F-、Cl-和Br-等11种阴离子客体的识别作用.发现在乙腈溶液中,该主体分子对二价阴离子HPO42-和SO42-表现了强亲和力和高选择性;并对一价阴离子F-和H2PO4- 具有一定的响应能力;而与一价阴离子ClO4-、HSO4-、NO3-、BF4-、PF6-、Cl-和Br-几乎没有作用.结果表明主客体分子本身的酸碱性和阴离子的负电荷数目是影响主体分子对阴离子识别性能的主要因素.     

十一钨锰硅酸盐异构体的电化学性质及其催化性能

报道了十一钨锰硅酸盐异构体α-,β     

Potentiometric detection of monovalent anions separated by ion chromatography using all solid-state contact PVC matrix membrane electrode

Summary An all solid-state contact tubular PVC-matrix membrane electrode has been applied for potentiometric detection of inorganic and organic monovalent anions using phosphate and hydrogen phosphate eluents at low concentrations. This is a “monovalent detection method” as the selectivity of the electrode towards monovalent anions results in some other anions being undetected unless the concentration of those other anions is higher than 10⁻³ mol dm⁻³ in the sample solution injected. It takes only eight minutes to complete the separation with a good resolution. Theoretical and practical considerations are discussed, and in particular, sensitivity, linearity, detection limit and dynamic behaviour are presented. The use of an all solid-state contact bromide-selective electrode as a detector offers so far the best simultaneous sensitivity toward all anions when compared with other detection methods. Determination of Cl⁻ and NO₃ ⁻ ions in river, rain and drinking water samples without any further sample preconcentration has been successfully achieved. The detection limit is sub-ppb for most of anions in a 20 μL injection volume.     

Determination of monovalent inorganic anions in high-ionic-strength samples by electrostatic ion chromatography with suppressed conductometric detection

A new ion chromatographic (IC) system has been established by using micelles of 3-(N,N-dimethylmyristylammonio)propanesulfonate (Zwittergent 3-14) loaded onto a reversed-phase packed column as the separation column with an electronic rotary switching valve packed-bed suppressor for conductometric detection of inorganic anions. An aqueous H3BO3-Na2B4O7 solution has been demonstrated to be the most desirable eluent for this IC system. The relationship between retention time and the concentration of the borate eluent was determined for a series of model anionic analytes and this relationship was found to be opposite to that exhibited in a conventional anion-exchange IC system. The rapid elution and complete separation of monovalent inorganic anions were obtained by initially using a high-concentration borate solution as the eluent for a short-period, and then switching to a lower-concentration borate eluent to complete the separation. Detection limits for nitrite, bromide, nitrate, and chlorate were 0.85, 0.88, 0.95 and 4.8 microM, respectively, when a 7.0 mM Na2B4O7 eluent was used. Moreover, the ability to directly detect these monovalent anions in samples containing high concentrations of sulfate and/or chloride ions provided a major advantage of this approach.     

Effect of the steric accessibility of the exchange site in long-chain quaternary ammonium salts on the anion-exchange extraction of divalent ions

The constants of anion-exchange extraction of divalent ions by quaternary ammonium salts of various structures were determined. The exchange constants depend significantly on steric accessibility of the exchange site. For the exchange of small-size anions, the affinity of the ion exchanger for divalent ions is higher than for monovalent ions. For large divalent anions, the exchange constant may increase or decrease, depending on the size of a monovalent anion. The obtained results are explained by the specifics of the ion-pair association of monovalent and divalent anions with quaternary ammonium cations.     

Influences of colloidal stability and electrokinetic property on electrodialysis performance in the presence of silica sol

Negatively charged silica sol is known to lead to fouling of anion exchange membranes during electrodialysis (ED) as a result of its deposition on the membrane surface. It is known that the fouling potential is related to the physical and electrochemical properties of the silica particles as well as those of the anion exchange membranes. In this study, the properties of the silica sol were characterized in terms of its particle size, turbidity, and zeta potential in order to predict their effects on the electrodialysis performance. In the stability of colloidal particles, the critical coagulation concentrations of silica sol were determined as functions of ionic strength, cation species, and solution pH. In the electrodialysis of NaCl solution containing silica sol with various concentrations of CaCl(2), the colloidal behavior related to deposition and transport was examined during and after electrodialysis. The electrodialysis experiments clearly showed that the deposition and transport of silica sol during electrodialysis were related to the colloidal stability of dispersion.     

Solvation of monovalent anions in acetonitrile and N,N-dimethylformamide: Parameterization of the IEF-PCM model

The present work reports the parameterization of the polarizable continuum model for predicting the free energies of solvation for monovalent anions in acetonitrile and N,N-dimethylformamide. The parameterization of the model for acetonitrile employed the experimental free energies of solvation for a set of 12 charged solutes, containing H, C, N, O, S, F, Cl, Br, and I atoms. For the N,N-dimethylformamide solutions, experimental solvation free energies for 11 monovalent anions were used. A mean absolute error of 0.7 kcal/mol in the solvation free energies has been achieved for the 12 anions in acetonitrile, whereas the mean absolute error for the 11 anions corresponds to 0.5 kcal/mol in N,N-dimethylformamide. These results indicate that the polarizable continuum model is a suitable methodology for the study of thermodynamic effects in solutions of monovalent anions in both solvents.