可见光响应光催化剂Ag/AgCl@NH2-UiO-66的制备及其光催化性能

采用气相扩散-沉积-光还原法制备了可见光响应复合光催化剂Ag/AgCl@NH₂-UiO-66.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、电子扫描显微镜(SEM)、X射线能谱(EDS)、紫外可见漫反射光谱及X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等对催化剂的结构进行了表征.结果表明Ag/AgCl@NH₂-UiO-66具有优良的光催化活性,可见光条件下(λ≥420 nm)对20 mg·L^-1罗丹明的降解效率14 min即可达到98%.     

Ag_2O/TiO_2纳米线异质结的制备及可见光催化性能

采用化学沉积法制得了氧化银/二氧化钛纳米线异质结(Ag2O/TNWs)可见光催化剂.应用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等手段对催化剂进行表征,并以甲基橙降解为模型反应研究了其光催化性能.结果表明,与负载等量氧化银的二氧化钛纳米粒子(Ag2O/P25)催化剂相比,Ag2O/TNWs纳米线异质结具有优异的一维增强可见光催化性能.     

CTAB作用下纳米复合材料Ag/ZnO-SnO2的制备与光催化降解罗丹明B

在模板剂溴化十六烷基三甲基胺(CTAB)作用下,采用溶胶-凝胶法再结合程序升温溶剂热法制备了纳米复合材料Ag/ZnO-SnO2(CTAB),其中Ag,Zn,Sn摩尔比为0.1∶2∶1.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、扫描电子显微镜配合X射线能量色散谱(SEM-EDS)和N2吸附-脱附测定等方法对复合材料的组成、结构及形貌等进行了表征.结果表明,该复合材料具有纤锌矿和金红石结构,Ag以单质形式存在.与未经CTAB作用的样品相比,Ag/ZnO-SnO2(CTAB)颗粒分布更均匀,且呈现规则的纳米棒状结构.复合材料在紫外光和可见光作用下对罗丹明B(RhB)的光催化降解结果显示,样品Ag/ZnO-SnO2(CTAB)的光催化活性明显高于Ag/ZnO-SnO2、ZnO-SnO2、ZnO和商用P-25.     

g-C3N4/Ag/TiO2复合材料的构筑及其光催化性能（英文）

以合成的g-C3N4纳米片和Ag/TiO2空心微球为原料,采用机械搅拌的方法构筑了g-C3N4/Ag/TiO2三元复合光催化剂。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外-可见光漫反射(UV-Vis DRS)和光致发光光谱(PL)对g-C3N4/Ag/TiO2进行了表征。研究表明,g-C3N4/Ag/TiO2是由Ag/TiO2微球和g-C3N4纳米片复合而成的。与TiO2相比,其可见光响应范围延长,光生载流子的分离速率加快。在室温下,用降解罗丹明B的反应考察了g-C3N4/Ag/TiO2的可见光催化活性。研究表明,光照180 min时,g-C3N4(0.5%)/Ag/TiO2显示了最高的光催化活性(91.9%),分别是TiO2和Ag/TiO2的7.5和1.8倍。光催化活性的提高与合理的异质结构建和Ag的导电性能有关。     

g-C_3N_4/Ag/TiO_2复合材料的构筑及其光催化性能（英文）

以合成的g-C_3N_4纳米片和Ag/TiO_2空心微球为原料,采用机械搅拌的方法构筑了g-C_3N_4/Ag/TiO_2三元复合光催化剂。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外-可见光漫反射(UV-Vis DRS)和光致发光光谱(PL)对g-C_3N_4/Ag/TiO_2进行了表征。研究表明,g-C_3N_4/Ag/TiO_2是由Ag/TiO_2微球和g-C_3N_4纳米片复合而成的。与TiO_2相比,其可见光响应范围延长,光生载流子的分离速率加快。在室温下,用降解罗丹明B的反应考察了g-C_3N_4/Ag/TiO_2的可见光催化活性。研究表明,光照180 min时,g-C_3N_4(0.5%)/Ag/TiO_2显示了最高的光催化活性(91.9%),分别是TiO_2和Ag/TiO_2的7.5和1.8倍。光催化活性的提高与合理的异质结构建和Ag的导电性能有关。     

Ag/TiO_(2-x)N_x与TiO_(2-x)N_x可见光催化降解丙烯的活性对比

利用纳米管钛酸(NTA)和氨水的水热反应制得TiO_(2-x)N_x系列催化剂,并进一步通过热分解-机械研磨的方法在TiO_(2-x)N_x表面附着上银颗粒,制得Ag/TiO_(2-x)N_x系列催化剂.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见漫反射(DRS)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等技术对催化剂进行了表征和分析.光催化氧化丙烯的实验对比了TiO_(2-x)N_x与Ag/TiO_(2-x)N_x两个系列催化剂的可见光催化活性,考察了氧空位、晶型结构、氮含量和银颗粒对催化剂可见光催化活性的影响.结果表明,催化剂锐钛矿的晶型越好,氧空位含量越高,催化剂的可见光催化活性越好;贵金属银的电子捕获能力使得Ag/TiO_(2-x)N_x的可见光催化活性远高于TiO_(2-x)N_x催化剂.     

乙酸修饰Ag/TiO_2复合光催化剂的制备及协同催化性能

利用光化学还原法制备了Ag/TiO_2,然后通过乙酸浸渍制备了HAc-Ag/TiO_2复合光催化剂.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)等手段表征了催化剂的性质.以降解水溶液中的甲基橙(MO)为探针反应,考察了催化剂在可见光下的光催化性能.结果表明,乙酸对TiO_2的修饰在TiO_2禁带中产生了"带尾",使TiO_2的禁带宽度发生了显著的缩减;Ag纳米粒子和乙酸共同修饰的HAc-Ag/TiO_2样品具有更窄的禁带宽度和更正的价带顶位置;Ag和乙酸的协同作用使HAc-Ag/TiO_2具有良好的可见光催化活性:可见光照射2 h后,甲基橙在HAc-Ag/TiO_2上的降解率接近100%.     

三维有序大孔复合材料Ag/TiO2的制备与不同模式下的光催化性能

采用聚苯乙烯(PS)微球和EO20PO70EO20(P123)作为模板剂,通过溶胶-凝胶及煅烧后处理等方法制备了三维有序大孔复合材料Ag/TiO2(3DOM Ag/TiO2).经傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线衍射、紫外-可见漫反射吸收光谱、X射线光电子能谱、N2吸附-脱附测试和扫描电子显微镜配合X射线能量色散谱等测试手段对其组成、结构及形貌等进行了表征.结果显示,该复合材料的孔结构排列整齐有序,孔壁呈现介孔结构且分布均匀,属于三维有序大孔材料.该3DOM Ag/TiO2具有锐钛矿晶相,其Ag以单质形式存在.与商用光催化剂(Degussa P-25)相比,3DOM Ag/TiO2对光的吸收红移至可见区.考察了3DOM Ag/TiO2在紫外光、可见光以及微波辅助等不同模式下光催化降解有机污染物的性能.结果显示,其活性明显高于P-25和Ag/TiO2,且针对不同类型的有机污染物均表现出较好的光催化性能.     

W18O49/NH2-UiO-66复合催化剂的高效光催化CO2环加成

以2-氨基对苯二甲酸（H₂ATA）为配体,通过溶剂热法合成了Zr基MOF：NH₂-UiO-66,继而以氯化钨为前驱体,通过溶剂热法实现了富含氧空位的缺陷氧化钨（W₁₈O₄₉）在NH₂-UiO-66上的原位生长,构建了具有典型Ⅱ型异质结的复合光催化剂W₁₈O₄₉/NH₂-UiO-66。通过粉末X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱和紫外可见漫反射光谱对催化剂的组成与结构进行了表征。在室温常压、模拟太阳光下,以氧化苯乙烯为模型底物,对所有样品的光催化活性进行了考察,W₁₈O₄₉/NH₂-UiO-66展现了最高的碳酸苯乙烯酯产率（58 mmol·g^-1·h^-1）。     

Ag/BiOX (X=Cl,Br, I)复合光催化剂的制备、表征及其光催化性能

采用光化学沉积法制备了一系列不同Ag含量的新型Ag/BiOX(X=Cl,Br,I)复合光催化剂,应用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、光致发光(PL)谱、紫外-可见(UV-Vis)光谱和N2物理吸附等手段对催化剂进行表征,并以420nm<λ<660nm的可见光为光源,评价了该催化剂光催化降解酸性橙II的活性,考察了不同含量的Ag沉积对BiOX样品光催化性能的影响.N2物理吸附测试结果表明,沉积银在一定程度降低了催化剂的比表面积.UV-Vis测试结果表明,Ag能产生表面等离子共振吸收,有效增强BiOCl和BiOBr对可见光的吸收能力.PL测试结果则表明,Ag能显著抑制光生电子(e-)和空穴(h+)的复合.Ag的存在大幅度提高了BiOX对染料的光催化降解活性.当负载Ag的质量分数(w)为1%-2%时,可使BiOCl、BiOBr和BiOI光催化活性分别提高了10、13和2倍.Ag/BiOX复合光催化剂具有更高催化活性的原因是复合光催化剂对可见光有很强的吸收能力,同时产生了银等离子体光催化作用和银抑制了Ag/BiOX(X=Cl,Br,I)的光生电子-空穴的复合.     

Solvent extraction separation of In/III/-Tl/III/ and Hg/II/-Cd/II/-Co/II/ with sulphoxides

Solvent extraction studies have been made on some metals: In/III/-Tl/III/ and Hg/II/-Cd/II/-Co/II/, from ammonium thiocyanate solutions by dialkyl sulphoxides. Separation of these metals from one another can be achieved by suitable choice of the extracted conditions. The nature of the extractable metal species has been elucidated.     

Simultaneous propane dehydrogenation andco2hydrogenation overCrOx/SiO2catalyst

Summary Single reverse water-gas shift (RWGS) and dehydrogenation of propane with CO₂(DH-CO₂) reactions in the presence and absence of the CrO_x/SiO₂ catalyst have been studied between 673 and 873 K. It was found that the CrO_x/SiO₂ catalyst is active both in the dehydrogenation of propane and in the RWGS reactions. The obtained results suggest that the dehydrogenation of propane to propene in the presence of CO₂on CrO_x/SiO₂can be facilitated by the RWGS reaction.</o:p>     

An investigation of the promotional effect of propylene or propane traces on the activity of sulfatedPt/g-Al2O3andPt-Sn/g-Al2O3inCH4combustion

Summary A strong promoting effect of the presence of C₃H₈or C₃H₆was determined for the combustion of CH₄in excess oxygen, over pre-sulfated 1%Pt/g-Al₂O₃and pre-sulfated 1%Pt-2%Sn/g-Al₂O₃catalysts.</o:p>     

Synthesis of chlorobis/β-diketonato/oxotechnetium/V/ and tris/β-diketonato/technetium/III/ complexes

Chlorobis/-diketonato/ oxotechnetium/V/ complexes [TcOCl/-dik/₂, -diketone=acetylacetone, benzoylacetone and dibenzoylmethane] were newly synthesized using macroamount of⁹⁹Tc. These complexes were further separated into geometrical isomers. Furthermore, an improvement of the yields for the syntheses of tris/-dike-tonato/technetium/III/ complexes [Tc/-dik/₃, -diketone=acetylacetone, benzoylacetone and 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone] was examined using Tc/III/-thiourea complexes as a starting material.     

Crystal structure of Na3PO4 · 12H2O

The crystal structure of trisodium monophosphate hemihydrate was determined. The space group is $\text{C2}\text{c}$ and a unit cell contains eight formula units. The unit cell dimensions of $\text{Na}{}_3\text{PO}{}_4\text{·}\text{1}\text{2}\text{H}{}_2\text{O}$ are a = 9.631(3), b = 5.416(2), c = 16.938(8) Å, β = 102.60(5)°. The final R value is 0.027 for a set of 1430 independent reflections. This atomic arrangement is mainly a three-dimensional network of distorted NaO₆ octahedra. The hydrogen bonding scheme is given.     

Direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate ?from CH3OH AND CO2 by H3PW12O40/CexTi1-xO2 catalyst

Summary Ce_xTi_1-xO₂ and H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/Ce_xTi_1-xO₂ catalysts were prepared using a sol-gel method, and applied to the direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from methanol and carbon dioxide. H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/Ce_xTi_1-xO₂ showed a better catalytic performance than the corresponding Ce_xTi_1-xO₂, due to the bifunctional catalysis of Br?nsted acid sites (provided by H₃PW₁₂O₄₀) and base sites (provided by Ce_xTi_1-xO₂). H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/Ce_0.1Ti_0.9O₂ showed the highest catalytic performance among the H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/Ce_xTi_1-xO₂ catalysts.     

Synthesis and characterization of Ti1−2xNbxNixO2−x/2 solid solutions

Doped-rutile has been traditionally used in ceramic pigments for its intense optical properties. In this paper, we compare the classical ceramic synthesis of Ti_1−2xNb_xNi_xO_2−x/2 system with the sol-gel methodology, which allows a reduction of the anatase-rutile transformation temperature. The composition was optimised in order to obtain a unique rutile phase with the minimum amount of pollutant Ni(II) and enhanced chromatic coordinates. Incorporation of the doping ions in the rutile structure was corroborated by XRD and Rietveld refinements. The species responsible for the colour mechanism were studied by different techniques. UV-VIS spectroscopy showed the characteristic features of Ni²⁺ ions, whose existence was corroborated by EPR and magnetic measurements. From these results, (Ni,Nb)doped-TiO₂ powder samples can be now shaped as thin films, monoliths, etc. by using sol-gel methodology without modifying their properties. This study introduces new possibilities of coloured TiO₂-based solid solutions in new combined advanced applications (colouring agent and photocatalyst, etc.).     

Carbon black and propylene oxidation over Ru/CoxMgyAl2Oz catalysts

The effects of Co_xMg_yAl₂O_z mixed oxides composition and ruthenium addition on the oxidation of propylene and carbon black (CB) were investigated. Different reactive cobalt and ruthenium oxide species were formed following calcination at 600 °C. The addition of ruthenium was beneficial for the CB oxidation under “loose contact” conditions and for propylene oxidation when the cobalt content was intermediate to low. The calculated activation energy for CB oxidation was decreased from 151 kJ mol⁻¹ for the uncatalyzed reaction to 111 kJ mol⁻¹ over the best catalyst.     

Structure refinement, dielectric, pyroelectric and Raman characterizations of Ba1−xLax(1−y)/2Euxy/2Nax/2TiO3 solid solution

The perovskite-type oxides Ba_1−xLa_x(1−y)/2Eu_xy/2Na_x/2TiO₃ (0?x?0.5 and xy=0.04) were synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction as well as dielectric measurements and Raman spectroscopy. The crystal structure of these ceramics has been determined by the Rietveld refinement powder X-ray diffraction data at room temperature. These compounds crystallize at room temperature in tetragonal space group P4mm for 0?x?0.1 and in the cubic group for 0.2?x?0.5. The phase transition temperature T_C (or T_m) decreases as x content increases. The degree of diffuseness of the phase transition is more pronounced for higher x content, implying the existence of a composition-induced diffuse phase transition of the ceramics with x?0.1. The evolution of the Raman spectra was studied as a function of various compositions at room temperature. The polarization state was checked by pyroelectric measurements.     

LixNi0.8-yCo0.2ZnyOp的合成及电化学性能研究

A series of single-phase Li_xNi_0.8-yCo_0.2Zn_yO_p(0.96 ≤x≤ 1.10， 0 ≤y≤ 0.05， 2 ≤p≤ 2(1+y) ) (different in the y values) were synthesized by a two-step solid state reaction method， in which LiOH·H₂O， Zn-doped spherical Ni(OH)₂ and Co₂O₃ were used as the precursors. The ICP-AES analyses proved that the Zn-doped compounds synthesized had the nonstoichiometric form. The results of the XRD， SEM identified that the uniform particles of the as-prepared materials having a good layered structure were fine， narrowly distributed and well crystallized. The electrochemical performance test was carried out and the results showed that the as-prepared Zn-doped materials had not only a high capacity， but also a better cycling stability characterization than the un-doped one. The Li_1.06Ni_0.75Co_0.22Zn_0.03O_2.03 material has an initial reversible capacity as high as 160.5mAh·g^-1; and a first discharge efficiency 89.2%， and exhibits satisfactory cyclic stability with 90% retainable capacity after 50 cycles.