共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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碳材料(石墨烯、碳纳米管)具有超大的比表面积、高机械强度、化学稳定性、环境友好等特点,使得其作为一类新型非均相催化剂的优良载体,固载的金属配合物催化剂在许多催化反应中得到了广泛的应用.由于弱相互作用(π-π键、氢键、静电)功能化可以有效的保护碳材料的完整性,从而更好地发挥碳材料本身的优异性能.通过改变温度、溶液极性、外场力来调控非共价键功能化碳材料催化剂在催化反应中载体与催化剂的吸附与分离,使其具有均相催化剂优良的催化活性和多相催化剂的可回收性.综述了近些年来非共价键功能化石墨烯和碳纳米管固载的金属配合物催化剂在催化反应中的研究进展. 相似文献
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非金属碳基催化剂因其具有合成简单、结构稳定、比表面积大、可调控性强等特点受到了研究者的关注,已成为最活跃的研究领域之一。以二维、单原子层、六方结构的碳为基础的石墨烯和其高度氧化形态——氧化石墨烯是一类新兴的碳基材料。这类材料在催化领域的应用在近五年内才刚刚兴起。此类材料可用于烃类转化、有机化学合成、能源转化等多种催化反应,本文主要综述了采用化学氧化还原法制备的石墨烯和氧化石墨材料为催化剂的各类催化反应的最新研究进展。 相似文献
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《中国科学:化学》2018,(12)
由于高的比表面积、可调的孔隙结构以及易于修饰的表面化学性质,纳米碳材料作为催化剂和催化剂载体(碳基催化剂)被广泛地应用于多相催化领域.新型的金属和氮共修饰的碳材料(M-N-C)作为非均相催化剂在许多反应(如加氢/氢转移、加氢脱氧、氧化反应)中表现出了优异的催化性能.从结构上讲, M-N-C催化剂可以分为负载型催化剂(M/CN)、金属单原子分散型催化剂(M_(SAC)/CN)和包覆型催化剂(M@CN).本文围绕本课题组近些年取得的研究进展,重点介绍了M@CN催化剂的结构、性质、制备方法及其在催化反应(包括加氢、氢转移、氧化)中的应用,为从分子层面设计新型的非均相催化剂提供了思路借鉴,并对未来的研究方向和发展趋势进行了展望. 相似文献
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系统总结了多级孔分子筛、多级孔金属氧化物和多级孔碳基材料等多级孔催化剂材料的研究进展, 主要阐述了多级孔催化剂材料已有的制备方法及其在催化领域中的应用. 相似文献
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由于碳材料表面存在缺陷,可生成具有不同性能的活性位,因此可催化不同的热催化反应.我们首先介绍了单质碳材料的表面结构化学:其表面活性位主要为含杂原子官能团;然后对其可催化的反应进行了介绍:碳单质材料可催化选择性氧化反应、高级氧化反应、还原反应、烷烃活化反应、酸催化反应、电催化还原和氧化反应等.对碳单质催化剂的制备方法、所催化的各类反应、催化活性位、催化效果及催化机理也进行了简介.单纯的碳材料并不能完全满足不同反应的催化要求,可通过掺杂杂原子、焙烧、酸处理等手段对碳催化剂进行改性,使其具有不同的催化性能.相信随着对碳催化认识的不断加深,碳催化的应用范围会越来越广,在不远的未来将应用于工业化生产. 相似文献
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Polarz S Orlov AV Schüth F Lu AH 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2007,13(2):592-597
Transition-metal-oxide materials possessing ordered mesoporosity have recently attracted significant research interest due to their numerous potential applications. Among them, ordered mesoporous zinc oxide (ZnO) is a very tempting material because of the importance of ZnO in heterogeneous catalysis. Here, first results of the preparation of ordered mesoporous ZnO materials by using different templates are reported. Porous materials with high surface area, different pore sizes, and nanocrystalline ZnO walls were obtained. Furthermore, we compare the two fundamental templating techniques, involving liquid crystals or ordered mesoporous carbon materials as templates. Regarding the formation of mesoporous ZnO, it was evident that the hard-matter carbon template is superior. 相似文献
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Dr. Samuel E. Griffin Grant P. Domecus Clarissa E. Flores Dr. R. Eric Sikma Prof. Lauren Benz Prof. Seth M. Cohen 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(23):e202301611
Low-valent metal–organic frameworks (LVMOFs) and related materials have gained interest due to their potential applications in heterogeneous catalysis. However, of the few LVMOFs that have been reported, none have shown catalytic activity. Herein, a low-valent metal-organic material constructed from phosphine linkers and IrI nodes is reported. This material is effectively a crystalline, insoluble analogue of Vaska's complex. As such, the material reversibly binds O2 and catalyzes the reductive formation of enamines from amides. 相似文献
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多金属氧簇催化研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
多金属氧簇由于其组成和结构易于调控、具有酸性、氧化还原性、低毒性和低腐蚀性等优点,作为工业催化剂具有广阔的应用前景,是多酸化学领域的研究热点之一.本文综述了近5年来多金属氧簇在催化领域中研究的新进展,主要包括多金属氧簇的酸催化、氧化催化、双功能催化、加氢和活化二氧化碳合成碳酸酯等催化反应以及多金属氧簇的工业化应用等,并... 相似文献
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Green carbon materials (GCMs) have attracted great attention as they have unique mechanical, optical, and electrical properties that make them suitable for the development of the next generation of miniature, low-power, and mobile sensors. In this review paper, an attempt has been made to explore green carbon materials where their synthesis methods, conjugation with other types of nanomaterials to form nanocomposites, thus combining different properties into one single novel material, and environmental analysis applications are detailed. Green carbon materials have great significance in the analysis of environmental pollutants because they increase the effective area of an electrode, improve the rate of electron transfer between the analytes and the electrode, and help in catalysis, which in turn increases the efficacy of an electrochemical reaction, absorption, detection, and elimination. Moreover, functionalized green carbon materials when used in sensors for fast, economic environmental pollutant analysis are found to be highly sensitive to monitoring heavy metals and other polluting impurities in air, water sources, soils, etc. This review covers research and advancements in a broad span from 2013 to 2021, and some of the leading and fascinating research articles from the early years of the century have also been incorporated. 相似文献
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Two-dimensional (2D) materials possess nanoscale thickness with large aspect ratios on the other two dimensions. The ultrahigh surface-to-volume ratio of 2D materials is the most important property different from their bulk counterparts, and is beneficial for mass and heat transport, and ion diffusion. Among the various 2D materials, carbon-based materials have attracted tremendous attentions since the first explosive research on graphene. Therefore, they provide opportunities for applications in adsorption, catalysis, and electrical energy storage. The porous structure of such carbon materials is a key influence on the properties of these 2D materials. This review focuses on recent developments in synthesis strategies for 2D carbon-based materials, especially the preparation of carbon nanosheets and carbon-inorganic hybrids/composites nanosheets. The main factors influencing the porous structure of the material are discussed for each method. Applications of the materials are introduced, mainly in the fields of adsorption, heterogeneous catalysis, and electrical energy storage. Finally, the leading-edge issues of novel 2D carbon-based materials for the future are discussed. 相似文献