含叔丁基可溶性芳香聚酰胺的制备及其性能研究

采用含叔丁基二胺的单体3,3′-二叔丁基-4,4′-二氨基二苯基-4″-叔丁基苯基甲烷(TADBP)分别与萘-1,4-二甲酸、间苯二甲酸和4,4-二苯醚二甲酸3种二酸单体通过Yamazaki膦酰化法缩聚制得一系列新型可溶性芳香聚酰胺(PA)。通过FT-IR、~1 H-NMR、TG、DSC等测试手段研究了含叔丁基芳香聚酰胺的结构与性能,以及聚合物结构对其溶解性能、热性能的影响。结果表明:PA具有优异的溶解性能,常温下不仅能溶于高沸点的N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、二甲基亚砜(DMSO)等强极性溶剂中,加热条件下甚至能溶于四氢呋喃、氯仿、二氯甲烷等低沸点溶剂;同时,PA还具有良好的热性能,玻璃化转变温度(Tg)为188~193℃,氮气氛围下失重5%和10%时的热失重温度分别为391~416℃和404~437℃。     

高耐热可溶性含氟含吡啶环聚芳酰胺的制备及性能研究

以4-三氟甲硫基苯甲醛和4-硝基苯乙酮为原料,设计合成一种新型二胺单体—4-(4-三氟甲硫基苯基)-2,6-双(4-胺基苯基)吡啶(FTPAP),通过傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、核磁共振(NMR)和质谱(MS)等对二胺单体进行结构表征.将FTPAP分别与1,4-萘二甲酸(NDA)、4,4-二苯醚二甲酸(CPBA)、对苯二甲酸(PTA)通过Yamazaki膦酰化法制备一系列含吡啶环及大侧基三氟甲硫基苯基非共平面结构新型可溶性聚酰胺(PA).采用FTIR,~1H-NMR等对PA进行结构表征.凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)数据显示PA具有较高的分子量和低的分散系数,相对分子量在9.30×10~4~1.26×10~5之间,分散系数范围为1.12~1.33.结果表明:PA具有优异的溶解性能,在室温条件下可以溶解在N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP)、二甲基亚砜(DMSO)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)等高沸点有机溶剂中,甚至在加热条件下能部分溶解于低沸点四氢呋喃(THF)、氯仿(CHCl_3)溶剂中.PA呈现出优异的热稳定性和光学性能,聚合物玻璃化转变温度(T_g)在285~325°C之间;在氮气氛围中5%和10%热失重时的温度范围分别为396~435°C和430~490°C,且残炭率都在70%以上;聚合物截止波长(λ_(cutoff))范围为369~384 nm,80%透过率(λ_(80%))的波长范围为440~478 nm;广角X射线图谱表明聚合物为无定型结构.此外,PA薄膜具有良好的力学性能,其拉伸强度43.2~95.0 MPa,杨氏模量0.90~1.39 GPa,断裂伸长率3.3%~8.8%.     

一种含氟芳香二胺及其聚砜酰亚胺的合成与表征

以4,4'-二氟二苯砜和N-溴代丁二酰亚胺为起始原料,经三步有机反应设计并合成了一种新型含氟芳香二胺——2,2'-双[3-(4-三氟甲基苯基)-4-(4-氨基苯氧基)苯基]砜(3);并由该二胺单体和3种商品化二酐单体经一步高温缩聚制备了一系列含氟聚砜酰亚胺(PSI 5a~5c).分别用红外、核磁共振光谱对所制聚砜酰亚胺结构进行了表征.结果证实其与所设计的结构完全一致,并且酰亚胺化反应完全.所制聚砜酰亚胺表现出优良的溶解性能和光学性能,室温下不仅可以溶于N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP)、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)等强极性溶剂,还能溶于低沸点的氯仿、四氢呋喃(THF)等溶剂;聚合物薄膜无色透明,截断波长在366~330 nm,450 nm后具有高光学透明性.此外,该类聚砜酰亚胺还表现出良好的热性能和机械性能,玻璃化转变温度在254~264℃,在空气中和氮气中热失重10%的温度都在550℃以上.聚合物薄膜的拉伸强度为87~92 MPa,断裂伸长率在9%~13%,杨氏模量为1.8~2.1 GPa.所制薄膜在1 MHz下的介电常数为2.8~3.0.     

含氟及硫醚基团聚酰亚胺光波导材料的合成及表征

通过分子设计,合成了含三氟甲基及硫醚基团的二胺单体4,4'-双(4-胺基-2-三氟甲基苯硫基)二苯硫醚(6FSEDA),利用其与6种芳香二酐单体:3,3',4,4'-联苯四羧酸二酐(BPDA)、4,4'-氧双邻苯二甲酸酐(ODPA)、3,3',4,4'-二苯酮四酸二酐(BTDA)、4,4'-(六氟异丙基)-苯二酸酐(6FDA)、3,3',4,4'-二苯硫醚四酸二酐(DTDA)及3,3',4,4'-二苯砜四酸二酐(DSDA)经一步法合成了一系列含氟及硫醚基团的聚酰亚胺(PI),并对其结构与性能进行了研究.结果表明,该系列PI的玻璃化温度Tg(DSC)在199.8～231.7℃范围,5%和10%热失重的温度(N2氛围)分别在491℃和517℃以上,在400～700 nm的可见光波长范围内具有优异的光学透明性,在光通讯波段(1310 nm和1550 nm处)均无明显吸收,且在这两个波长处测得的平均折射率范围分别为1.5401～1.6142和1.5389～1.6124,在波长632.8 nm测得的双折射范围为0.0012～0.0045.可见,含氟及硫醚基团聚酰亚胺薄膜具有良好的热稳定性和光学性能.     

稀土穴状荧光配合物的合成与光谱性质

以2,6-二甲基吡啶-3,5-二甲酸二乙酯为起始原料,经N-溴代丁二酰亚胺(NBS)溴代、亲电取代反应合成了时间分辨荧光免疫分析双功能螯合剂2,6-{N,N′,N,N′-[二(2,2′-联吡啶-6,6′-二甲基)]二(氨甲基)}-吡啶-3,5-二羧酸二乙酯。经差热分析仪(DTA)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、核磁共振波谱仪(1 H NMR)、质谱仪(MS)等技术手段表征确认了化合物结构和性能。对该化合物与铕离子形成螯合物的荧光性质研究表明:激发光谱波长范围较宽,激发峰值为322nm;荧光发射峰为597nm(~5D_0-~7F_1)、618nm(~5D_0-~7F_2);荧光寿命为918μs;量子产率Φ=0.249。     

甲基取代的聚芳醚酮酮酰亚胺树脂的合成与性能

N,N′-(4,4′-二苯甲烷)-二偏苯三甲酰亚胺酰氯(DIDC-M)与4,4′-二(2-甲基-苯氧基)三苯二酮(o-Me-DPOTPDK) 进行低温溶液共缩聚,制备了甲基侧基取代的聚芳醚酮酮酰亚胺(o-Me-PEKKI)聚合物.用FT-IR,1H-NMR,DSC,TG 和WAXD对聚合物的结构和性能进行了表征.研究表明:聚合物为非晶态结构;具有较高的玻璃化转变温度(Tg:241 ℃)和较好的耐热性能(Td:487 ℃);能溶解于间甲酚、NMP、氯仿、四氯乙烷等有机溶剂中.     

短侧链可溶性聚酰亚胺的制备和表征

利用3种廉价易得的含短侧链(甲基或乙基)芳香族二胺单体分别与3,3′,4,4′-二苯甲醚四酸二酐(ODPA)进行溶液缩聚反应制备了聚酰胺酸,再在三乙胺催化、乙酸酐脱水作用下进行化学亚胺化反应,成功制备出聚酰亚胺(PI)。通过红外光谱(FT-IR)证明PI已经完全亚胺化。溶解性实验表明这3种PI具有优异的溶解性能,如:在极性非质子溶剂1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)、二甲基亚砜(DMSO)乃至低沸点溶剂氯仿和四氢呋喃(THF)中都可以溶解。采用DSC、TG、频谱分析仪、交流耐压试验装置、电阻测量仪、万能电子拉力机等多种手段对PI薄膜进行了性能测试。结果表明这3种PI保持了优良的热性能、电性能、力学性能等。     

一种杂环磺化聚芳醚腈酮质子交换膜材料的合成及表征

用含二氮杂萘酮结构类双酚DHPZ,3,3′-二磺酸钠基-4,4′-二氟二苯酮,2,6-二氯苯腈以及4,4′-二氟二苯酮,通过缩合共聚合反应合成了一系列不同磺化度、高分子量的磺化聚芳醚腈酮.聚合物特性粘数为0·58~2·0dL/g.用红外光谱(FT-IR),核磁共振谱(1H-NMR)表征了聚合物结构.用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和热重分析仪(TGA)研究了聚合物的耐热性能,研究表明其玻璃化温度(Tg)可达352℃,5%热失重温度大于500℃.以N-甲基吡咯烷酮为溶剂,溶液浇铸法制备了聚合物膜,并测定了膜的溶胀率以及质子交换能力.结果表明,与Nafion膜相比,磺化聚芳醚腈酮膜在相同的质子交换能力条件下,溶胀率显著降低.     

含二氮杂萘酮结构聚芳醚腈酮酮的合成及表征

以5种含杂萘联苯结构的单体与2,6-二氯苯腈、1,4-二(4-氟代苯甲酰基)苯为原料进行亲核缩聚反应,制备了一系列含有杂萘联苯结构的新型聚芳醚腈酮酮树脂.其特性粘度在0.51~1.15 dL.g-1之间.采用FT-IR,示差扫描量热仪(DSC),热重分析仪(TGA)对聚合物的结构和性能进行了表征,结果表明,聚芳醚腈酮酮的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)在252~294℃之间,10%热失重温度(Td)在457℃以上,具有优异的耐热性能.聚芳醚腈酮酮均可溶解于N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)、和氯仿等极性非质子型有机溶剂中,聚合物均可溶解于NMP后浇铸得到透明的、韧性好的薄膜.     

含三氟甲基聚酰亚胺的合成与性能研究

通过在4,4′-二氨基二苯醚(4,4-′ODA)单体中引入三氟甲基合成了一种新型二胺单体2-三氟甲基-4,4′-二氨基二苯醚(3FODA),该单体具有良好的溶解性和高的反应活性,使用3FODA替代4,4′-二氨基二苯甲烷(MDA)制备了PMR热固性聚酰亚胺树脂.树脂溶液高浓度低粘度,具有室温下良好的储存稳定性;树脂具有很好的加工性能,成型后的模压件显示了优异的热性能和耐热氧化稳定性,玻璃化转变温度在336~379℃之间;此外树脂具有较好的电性能和较低的吸水率.     

Synthesis and evaluation of properties of novel poly(benzimidazole‐amide)s

Novel aromatic polyamides have been prepared by a combination of diacids containing preformed benzimidazole rings and aromatic diamines. By the phosphorylation method of polycondensation, polymers of high molecular weight (inherent viscosities between 0.81 and 2.13 dL/g) were obtained, which showed good solubility in polar aprotic solvents. The combination of aromatic amide linkages and benzimidazole rings along the polymer chain endowed the polymers with high thermal resistance and excellent mechanical properties. Glass transition temperatures fell in the range of 290–330 °C as measured by differential scanning calorimetry, and initial decomposition temperatures under nitrogen were over 480 °C as measured by thermogravimetric analysis. Some polymer films showed outstanding tensile strength (over 150 MPa) and moduli (up to 5 GPa). The presence of benzimidazole rings in the current polyamides greatly enhanced their hydrophilicity in comparison with classical wholly aromatic polyamides; thus, although aromatic polyamide films normally show water sorption values of only 4–8%, some of the current poly(benzimidazole amide)s show water sorption up to 19% in a 65% relative humidity atmosphere. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 7566–7577, 2008     

Wholly aromatic chiral polyamides bearing pendant phthalimido and L-isoleucine moities

<正>A potential biodegradable and optically active bulky chiral aromatic amide-imidic diacid monomer,(2S,3S)-5-(3- methyl-2-phthalimidylpentanoylarnino)isophthalic acid(7),containing a rigid phthalimide and flexible L-isoleucine pendant group was synthesized in three steps.New aromatic polyamides including pendant phthalimido groups and flexible side spacers have been synthesized by direct polycondensation reaction of equimolar amounts of different aromatic diamines with an optically active diacid 7,using N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone(NMP) as a solvent and triphenyl phosphite/CaCl_2/pyridine as a condensing agent.These polyamides were characterized by FTIR,~1H-NMR spectroscopy,specific rotation, thermogravimetric and elemental analysis.The resulting polymers have inherent viscosities in the range of 0.21-0.45 dL/g. Amino acid existence in this backbone results in optically active polymers.Due to introduction of bulky and flexible groups in these polyamides,they show improved solubility in polar aprotic solvents such as NMP and dimethylacetamide and also good thermal stability(10%weight loss temperatures in excess of 330℃,and char yields at 600℃in nitrogen higher than 62%).     

Synthesis and characterization of organosoluble polyamides from quinoxaline based diamine

<正>Aromatic/aliphatic polyamides were synthesized from a diamine monomer,2,3-bis-p-aminophenylquinoxaline (Ⅳ),based on quinoxaline and various dicarboxylic acids of aliphatic,aromatic and heterocyclic.The diamine and polyamides were characterized by elemental analysis,FTIR and ~1H-NMR.The solubility of the polyamides was affected by the quinoxaline and heterocyclic groups in the polymer chain.They were all soluble in common organic solvents such as dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO),N,N-dimethylformamide(DMF) and N-methylpyrolidone(NMP).The polyamides showed inherent viscosity in the range of 0.25-0.3 dL/g in DMSO at 25℃and good thermal stability with the char yields in the range of 65%-82%at 600℃in nitrogen.     

含4-苯基二氮杂萘酮结构共聚芳酯的合成及性能

以4-[4-(4羧基苯氧基)苯基]-2-(4-羧基苯基)二氮杂萘-1-酮(DHPZ-DA)、4,4'-二羧基二苯醚(DAPE)和2,2'-二(4-羟基苯基)丙烷(PBA)为原料,采用溶液缩聚法,合成了一系列聚芳酯,其数均分子量在1.2×104～1.7×104之间.通过FTIR和1H-NMR对聚芳酯结构进行了表征.该系列...     

Preparation and characterization of novel thermostable polyamides bearing different photoactive pendent architectures with antibacterial properties

Three diamine monomers with different derivatives of imidazole heterocyclic ring, aryl ethers and electron withdrawing trifluoromethyl groups in the backbone were synthesized and used in polycodensation reaction with various aliphatic and aromatic dicarboxylic acids for preparation of a series of novel polyamides(PAs). The PAs were obtained in high yields and possessed inherent viscosities in the range of 0.26-0.75 d L/g. All of the polymers were amorphous in nature,showed outstanding solubility and could be easily dissolved in amide-type polar aprotic solvents. They showed good thermal stability with glass transition temperatures between 162-302 ℃. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that all polymers were stable, with 10% weight loss recorded above 421 ℃ in N_2 atmospheres. All the PAs presented fluorescence upon irradiation with ultraviolet light and thus showed promise for applications in electroluminescent devices. The monomers and PAs were also screened for antibacterial activity against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria.     

Synthesis and characterization of new soluble polyamides derived from 2,6-bis(4-aminophenyl)-3,5-dimethyltetrahydro-4H-pyran-4-one

A new oxypyrone diamine, 2,6-bis(4-aminophenyl)-3,5-dimethyltetrahydro-4H-pyran-4-one (DAPP), was prepared from 4-nitrobenzaldehyde and 3-oxa-n-pentane in a two-step reaction with a high yield and a high purity. Aromatic polyamides were obtained from this novel condensation monomer and several diacid chlorides through the conventional low-temperature solution method in N,N-dimethylacetamide. Polycondensation results were consistent with a high reactivity for DAPP because high yields and high molecular weight polyamides were obtained with inherent viscosities up to 1.8 dL/g. The reactivity of DAPP was also estimated with theoretical calculations from computer programs for molecular simulation, with orbital and charge factors considered. The polymers showed improved solubility in organic solvents, relative to conventional wholly aromatic polyamides, and high glass-transition temperatures (from differential scanning calorimetry) over 270 °C. However, the thermal resistance, as estimated by thermogravimetric analysis, was lower than that of conventional aromatic polyamides; nevertheless, decomposition temperatures well beyond 300 °C were observed in nitrogen and air. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 39: 1825–1832, 2001     

Preparation and properties of N-phenylated aromatic polyamides from N,N′-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine and aromatic diacid chlorides

N-Phenylated aromatic polyamides and copolyamides derived from N,N′-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine, isophthaloyl, and terephthaloyl chloride were prepared by high-temperature solution polycondensation in anisole at 155°C. Factors that influenced the reaction, such as monomer concentration, solvent, temperature, and time, were studied to determine the optimum conditions for the preparation of high molecular weight polymers. Compared with analogous unsubstituted aromatic polyamides, the N-phenylated polymers exhibited better solubility in chlorinated and amide solvents, reduced crystallinity, and lower glass transition temperatures (above 200°C). All polymers except the polyterephthalamide could be solvent-cast, as well as hot-pressed, into transparent flexible films.     

Preparation and properties of polyamides from 2,2′-p-phenylenebis-5-oxazolones with diamines

Novel phenylated polyamides having inherent viscosities in the range of 0.2–0.4 were prepared by the ring-opening polyaddition of 2,2′-p-phenylenebis(4,4-diphenyl-5-oxazolone) with aliphatic diamines in polar aprotic solvents. Similarly, unsubstituted polyamides were obtained from 2,2′-p-phenylenebis-5-oxazolone and both aliphatic and aromatic diamines. The phenylated polyamides were highly soluble in a wide range of solvents including tetrahydrofuran and dioxane, while the unsubstituted polymers showed limited solubility in the solvents. No marked differences in thermal stability between the phenylated and unsubstituted polyamides were noted, and all the polyamides began to decompose at around 250°C in both air and nitrogen.     

Polyamides with pendant 1,3,4-oxadiazole and pyridine moieties

A novel aromatic diamine,2-（5-（3,5-diaminophenyl）-l,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl）pyridine（POBD）,containing a pyridine ring and a 1,3,4-oxadiazole moiety,was synthesized.It was used in a polycondensation with various aromatic and aliphatic diacid chlorides to generate a series of new aromatic polyamides with pendant 1,3,4-oxadiazole groups.The prepared polyamides were characterized by IR,elemental analysis and through the synthesis of model compounds.Thermophysical properties of the synthesized polyamides have been studied by DSC,TGA and inherent viscosity measurements. Relatively high inherent viscosity values（0.76-1.62 dL/g,in 0.125%H₂SO₄ at 25℃） were observed for these compounds. Number average molecular weight（M_n） of the polymers was measured by vapor phase osmometry（VPO）.The introduction of bulky side chains in the structure of aromatic polyamides led to increased solubility of these polymers in common polar and aprotic solvents,such as DMF,DMSO,NMP and DMAc,which allowed thin films to be cast from polymer solutions. The highest molecular weight（M_n = 51190） was observed for polymer（DC）,which was prepared from pyridine-2,6-dichlorocarbonyl.