CeO2和La2O3改性Pd/γ-Al2O3甲醇低温分解催化剂的研究 Ⅰ. CeO2改性Pd/γ -Al2O3催化剂的结构和性能

 用XRD,BET,NH3－TPD,TPR及XPS等手段对CeO2改性Pd／γ－Al2O3催化剂的结构和性能进行了表征,并考察了催化剂上甲醇低温分解的性能．结果表明,CeO2在γ－Al2O3载体上容易聚集,不能完全掩蔽其表面酸性,并较大程度地降低了载体的比表面积;CeO2的加入促进了Pd在载体上的分散,并且产生一种协同还原作用．Pd的高度分散及其与CeO2在γ－Al2O3上的相互作用是催化剂具有高活性的关键．     

稀土改性Pd/Al2O3催化剂的性能:甲醇分解的活性和选择性

用稀土金属氧化物CeO2和La2O3改性γ-Al2O3担载Pd制备了一系列甲醇分解催化剂，并考察了Pd盐前驱体（氯盐或硝酸盐），稀土种类（镧或／和铈），经的含量（0％－30％），浸渍方法（顺序浸渍或共浸渍）地催化剂性能的影响。结果表明：CeO2能提高Pd/Al2O3催化剂的甲醇分解活性，La2O3能提高催化剂的CO和H2选择性，而CeO2和La2O3在γ-Al2O3上对Pd的催化性能表现出一种协同作用。在10％的La2O3和22％的CeO2共同改性的催化剂上，250℃，甲醇液体空速1.8h^-1条件下反应甲醇转化率达到91．4％，CO（H2）的选择性几乎为100％。     

Pd/γ-Al2O3三效催化剂中CeO2助剂的作用

 研究了以浸渍法制备的以氧化铈为助剂的Pd／CeO2－Al2O3催化剂,对丙烯和一氧化碳氧化及一氧化氮还原反应的三效催化活性．主要考察了钯及CeO2助剂含量对催化剂三效转化活性的影响,并对部分催化剂进行了X射线光电子能谱（XPS）及氧饱和吸附后NO吸附的程序升温脱附－质谱（TPD－MS）表征．结果表明,在Pd含量（不大于1．0％）较低时,增加Pd含量可明显提高催化剂的活性．适量的CeO2能使Pd催化剂具有较好的热稳定性及富氧条件下的转化活性,过量的CeO2会降低催化剂的热稳定性．CeO2助剂使Pd／CeO2－Al2O3催化剂中的Pd2＋较易被还原为Pd0,并促进Pd上NO的解离吸附．     

CeO2和La2O3改性Pd／γ—AI2O3甲醇低温分解催化剂的研究I.CeO2改性Pd／γ—AI2O3催化剂的结构和性能

用XRD,BET,NH3－TPD,TPR及XPS等手段对CeO2改性Pd／γ-AI2O3催化剂的结构和性能进行了表征,并考察了催化剂上甲醇低温分解的性能。结果表明,CeO2在γ-AI2O3载体上容易容易,能完成掩蔽其表面酸性,并较大程度地降低了载体的比表面积;CeO2的加入促进了Pd在载体上的分散,并且产生一种协同还原作用,Pd的高度分散及其与CeO2在γ-AI2O3上的相互作用是催化剂具有高活性的关键。     

铈和镧改性γ-Al2O3担载Pd催化剂的结构效应

分别以镧-铈、铈-镧顺序浸渍和镧铈共浸渍的方式在γ-Al2O3载体上引入助剂La2O3和CeO2,然后担载Pd制备了一系列催化剂.以甲醇分解为探针反应,采用XRD、EXAFS和XPS对催化剂的体相和表面结构进行表征,用BET法测定比表面积,并进行了吸附态CO的FTIR研究.结果表明,La2O3容易进入CeO2的晶格中,促进了CeO2在γ-Al2O3上的分散.但不同的La2O3、CeO2加入方式对活性组分Pd在改性载体上的分散度、优势暴露面及其与CeO2之间的相互作用产生不同的影响.关联甲醇分解性能测试结果说明,Pd在载体上的高度分散以及Pd和CeO2之间通过界面产生的强相互作用是催化剂具有高活性的关键.     

铈和镧改性γ-Al2O3担载Pd催化剂的结构效应

分别以镧-铈、铈-镧顺序浸渍和镧铈共浸渍的方式在γ-Al2O3载体上引入助剂La2O3和CeO2，然后担载Pd制备了一系列催化剂.以甲醇分解为探针反应，采用XRD、EXAFS和XPS对催化剂的体相和表面结构进行表征，用BET法测定比表面积，并进行了吸附态CO的FTIR研究.结果表明,La2O3容易进入CeO2的晶格中，促进了CeO2在γ-Al2O3上的分散.但不同的La2O3、CeO2加入方式对活性组分Pd在改性载体上的分散度、优势暴露面及其与CeO2之间的相互作用产生不同的影响.关联甲醇分解性能测试结果说明,Pd在载体上的高度分散以及Pd和CeO2之间通过界面产生的强相互作用是催化剂具有高活性的关键.     

CeO2和Pd在Ni/γ-Al2O3催化剂中的助剂作用

采用脉冲微反技术研究了添加n型半导体氧化物CeO2及贵金属Pd对Ni/γ-Al2O3催化剂上CH4积炭/CO2消炭反应性能的影响,并运用BET、TPR、CO2-TPSR及氢吸附等技术对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,n型半导体氧化物CeO2的添加可以降低Ni/γ-Al2O3催化剂上CH4裂解积炭活性,提高CO2消炭活性,添加少量贵金属Pd可以进一步改变载体Al2O3、助剂CeO2和活性组分Ni之间的相互作用,从而改善Ni/γ-Al2O3催化剂的抗积炭性能.通过Ni-Ce-Pd/γ-Al2O3催化剂上CH4积炭/CO2消炭模型对上述作用机制作出了新的解释.     

焙烧温度对CeO2改性Pd/Al2O3甲醇分解催化剂性能的影响

考察了焙烧温度对Pd/Al2O3和CeO2改性Pd/Al2O3甲醇分解催化剂反应性能的影响.在300℃～700℃范围内焙烧,Pd/Al2O3和Pd/CeO2/Al2O3催化剂的活性都呈现出先升高后降低的趋势.XRD结果表明高温焙烧时活性组分Pd在γ-Al2O3载体表面发生聚集是Pd/Al2O3催化剂活性降低的原因,而XPS结果却表明,Pd在CeO2改性γ-Al2O3载体表面的浓度与Pd/CeO2/Al2O3催化剂的活性变化并非呈现一致关系,TPR表明活性组分Pd和助剂CeO2在γ-Al2O3上产生了一定的相互作用.从而认为Pd的分散度以及Pd和CeO2之间的相互作用共同决定催化剂的甲醇分解性能.     

CeO2和Pd在Ni/γ-Al2O3催化剂中的助剂作用

采用脉冲微反技术研究了添加n型半导体氧化物CeO2及贵金属Pd对Ni/γ Al2O3催化剂上CH4积炭/CO2消炭反应性能的影响,并运用BET、TPR、CO2 TPSR及氢吸附等技术对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明, n型半导体氧化物CeO2的添加可以降低Ni/γ Al2O3催化剂上CH4裂解积炭活性,提高CO2消炭活性,添加少量贵金属Pd可以进一步改变载体Al2O3、助剂CeO2和活性组分Ni之间的相互作用,从而改善Ni/γ Al2O3催化剂的抗积炭性能.通过Ni Ce Pd/γ Al2O3催化剂上CH4积炭/CO2消炭模型对上述作用机制作出了新的解释.     

CeO2稳定Ru/γ-Al2O3湿空气氧化催化剂的研究

用CeO2作添加剂，对以γ-Al2O3为载体、RuO2为活性组成分的Ru/Al2O3湿空气氧化催化剂掺杂改性，用分步浸渍的方法制备出Ru/CeO2/Al2O3三元复合氧化物催化剂。经XRD分析，证明CeO2进入了γ-Al2O3的晶格，并且有效抑制了高温时γ-Al2O3向α-Al2O3的相变及RuO2向γ-Al2O3晶格的渗入，在270℃、5.5MPa条件下，对苯酚的催化氧化降解结果表明，CeO2的加入可明显提高催化剂活性，其中Ru:CeO2:Al2O3(质量比)=0.6：6：100的催化剂性能最佳，反应30min，苯酚的去除率为96.0％。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.