活化分析

本文是《分析试验室》定期评述中“活化分析”的第４篇文章，它对我国活化分析领域在１９９４年７月－１９９６年１０月的工作进展作了较全面的评述。内容包括活化分析法中的分子活化分析，超热中子活化分析，预处理及放射化学中子活化分析，体内中子活化分析等，及其在生命科学，环境科学和地学等领域中的应用。并展望了活化分析的发展趋势。     

活化分析

本文是《分析试验室》定期评述中“活化分析”的第３篇文章，它对我国活化分析领域在１９９０年１１月～１９９４年６月的工作进展作了较全面的评述。内容包括活化分析方法学及其在生命、环境、地学、材料等领域中的应用，并展望了活化分析的发展趋势。     

活化分析

本文是《分析试验室》定期评述中“活化分析”的第5篇文章,它对我国活化分析领域在2000年1月～2003年5月的工作进展作了较全面的评述。内容包括活化分析方法学及其在生命科学、环境科学、地学和考古等领域的应用,并展望了活化分析的发展趋势。     

活化分析

本文是《分析试验室》定期评述中“活化分析”的第6篇文章，它对我国活化分析领域在2003年6月-2005年12月的工作进展作了较全面的评述。内容包括活化分析方法学及其在生命科学、环境科学、地学和考古、国家安全等领域的应用，并展望了活化分析的发展趋势。     

活化分析进展

本文主要评述了1986年1月至1988年8月我国活化分析的进展,同时也简述了国外活化分的动向。其主要内容包括:地质学与宇宙化学;生命科学;环境科学:标准参改物;化学处理和测量;以及辐照与数据处理等方面。     

低空白镍锍试金预富集中子活化分析测定地球化学标准物质中的铂族元素

研究了镍锍试金预富集中子活化分析测定岩石样品中的铂族元素。纯化捕集剂氧化镍,大大降低了化学分离全流程铂族元素的空白。取样量为50g时,所需溶剂各元素的空白值为(ng/g):Pt<0.05、Pd<0.05、Os<0.01、Ru<0.05、Rh<0.05、Ir=0.002。用平面锗探测器测定Rh使测定下限降低了两个数量级,对几种国标地球化学标准物质的测定结果与推荐值基本符合。     

新型中空卤化银颗粒乳剂的制备和性能研究 Ⅱ.中子活化分析测定感光乳剂的元素组成

一般采用化学滴定法来定量分析卤化银乳剂中的银和卤素组份。其他仪器分析,如X射线能谱,X射线电子能谱,X光萤光等只能做到半定量或定性分析。而化学滴定法的实验操作步骤又十分繁琐,而且卤素的化学性质相近,需用差减法分别得到最后结果。本文采用中子活化分析法,样品不需预处理(即不需要去除明胶),即可对卤化银乳剂同时进行元素测定。所测定的数值与化学滴定法的结果对照比较,两者十分相近。说明利用中子活化分析来测定卤化银乳剂的元素组份是可靠的方法.     

低空白镍铳试金预富集中子活化分子测定地球化学标准物质中的铂族 …

研究了镍铳试金预富集中子活化分析测定岩石样品中的铂族元素。纯化捕集剂氧化镍,大大降低了化学分离全流程铂族元素的空白。取样量为５０ｇ时,所需溶剂各元素的空白值为（ｎｇ／ｇ）：Ｐｔ〈０．０５、Ｐｄ〈０．０５、Ｏｓ〈０．０１、Ｒｕ〈０．０５、Ｒｈ〈０．０５、Ｉｒ＝０．００２。用平面锗探测器测定Ｒｈ使测定下限降低了两个数量级。对几种国标地球化学标准物质的测定结果与推荐值基本符合。     

用仪器中子活化分析研究岩庄陨石元素宇宙化学特征

用中子活化分析测定了新陨石庄陨石的主要和微量元素含量。陨石浅灰色相的微量元素化学特征与Ｈ６型相似。金属粒子中稀土元素相对富集，有非常明显的Ｅｕ正异常，与Ｈ６型比较以低的Ｂｒ，Ｚｎ含量和高的Ｆｅ，Ｎｉ，Ｉｒ，Ａｕ丰度的为其特征，讨论了岩庄陨石在微重力影响下，微量元素宇宙化学特征与太空八面体Ｆｅ－Ｎｉ金属四同心环微晶体结构生长可能的内在联系。     

人体子宫癌活组织中微量元素的中子活化分析

本文利用样品的低温干燥预处理技术和仪器中子活化分析方法,同时测定了人体子宫癌活组织中的29种微量元素,并分别与宫颈炎组织和正常组织比较,初步研究结果表明,子宫癌组织,宫颈炎组织和正常组织中Au,I,Se等微量元素有显著差异。     

稀土元素分析

本文对１９９６年￣１９９７年间稀土材料分析方面的进展进行了综述。内容包括概述，分离与富集方法，重量与滴定分析法，吸光光度法，荧光分析法，原子发现光谱法，原子吸收光谱法，Ｘ射线荧光光谱法，质谱分析法，电化学分析法，活化分析法，流动注射分析法等。     

On the nonlinear isoconversional procedures to evaluate the activation energy of nonisothermal reactions in solids

A general procedure for deriving the equations that underlie various isoconversional nonlinear methods for evaluating the activation energy is presented. A new integral isoconversional nonlinear method with integration over a given range of conversion is suggested. This method was applied to simulated nonisothermal data as well as to data for the nonisothermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate. The obtained dependencies of the activation energy on the degree of conversion were compared with those resulting from other nonlinear and linear methods of analysis. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 36: 87–93 2004     

Quality assurance in biomedical neutron activation analysis: Report of an Advisory Group of the International Atomic Energy Agency,Vienna, Austria

Evidence from various sources leads to the conclusion that all current methods for the determination of trace elements in biological materials may, as currently practised, be subject to significant error, even as large as several orders of magnitude. This report, prepared by an Advisory Group convened by the International Atomic Energy Agency, examines possible sources of error arising in the application of neutron activation analysis to biomedical materials, and attempts, in the light of current knowledge, to recommend practical and effective means to avoid them. The topics discussed include sampling and sample preparation, standards, the activation of samples and standards, chemical separations, γ-ray spectrometry, and general methods of internal and external quality assurance.     

The Status of Activation Analysis in Archaeology and Geochemistry

Many of the initial applications for activation analysis occurred in the fields of archaeology, geochemistry and cosmochemistry. In addition to the desire to investigate noteworthy problems of interest to these disciplines, the reasons for employing activation analysis were based on the advantages of sample preparation, sensitivity, multi-element capability, and non-destructiveness. Nearly fifty years later and despite the development of several new analytical methods, we find that many of these same advantages continue to attract interest in activation analysis from these same disciplines. This overview discusses the past, present and future role of activation analysis with regard to research questions in archaeology, geochemistry, and cosmochemistry.     

Performance of NAA Methods in an International Interlaboratory Reference Material Characterization Campaign

An extensive database of analytical results from a recent biological matrix Reference Material Characterization Campaign permitted an intercomparison of the performances of various methods among each other and with "true" best estimate concentration values established for these materials. Six different variants of neutron activation analysis (NAA) methods were employed including: instrumental neutron activation analysis, instrumental neutron activation analysis with acid digestion, neutron activation analysis with radiochemical separation, neutron capture prompt gamma activation analysis, epithermal instrumental neutron activation analysis, and neutron activation analysis with preconcentration. The precision and accuracy performance of NAA-based analytical methods are compared with three other major techniques, atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), atomic emission spectrometry (AES) and mass spectrometry (MS) for 28 elements in 10 natural matrix materials.     

Recent developments in the characterization of nucleic acids by liquid chromatography,capillary electrophoresis,ion mobility,and mass spectrometry (2010–2020)

The development of new strategies for the analysis of nucleic acids has gained momentum due to the increased interest in using these biomolecules as drugs or drug targets. The application of new mass spectrometry ion activation techniques and the optimization of separation methods including liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, and ion mobility have allowed more detailed characterization of nucleic acids and oligonucleotide therapeutics including confirmation of sequence, localization of modifications and interaction sites, and structural analysis as well as identification of failed sequences and degradation products. This review will cover tandem mass spectrometry methods as well as the recent developments in liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, and ion mobility coupled to mass spectrometry for the analysis of nucleic acids and oligonucleotides.     

A review on activation analysis of air particulate matter

A review is presented on the use of various activation analysis methods for the determination of trace elements in air particulate and related matters. A discussion is given on the contribution of such methods in solving the problem of air pollution in various parts of the world. This work is a part of a program undertaken by this Department for the evaluation of the various analytical techniques as investigative tools in pollution and other environmental studies.