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1.
在无水乙醇中, 用吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸铵(APDTC)和1, 10-邻菲咯啉(o-phen·H2O)与YbCl3·3.84H2O作用, 合成了三元固态配合物, 确定它的组成为Yb[(C5H8NS2)3(C12H8N2)]. 用RD496-Ⅲ微量热计测定了298.15 K下水合氯化镱及两个配体在无水乙醇中的溶解焓, 两个配体醇溶液的混合焓及不同温度下标题化合物液相生成反应的焓变; 得到了液相生成反应的热力学参数(活化焓、活化熵和活化自由能)和动力学参数(速率常数、表观活化能、频率因子和反应级数); 通过合理的热化学循环, 求得了298.15 K时标题化合物的固相生成反应焓变; 推导了用该热量计测定固态物质比热容的计算式, 并测定了该配合物298.15 K的比热容.  相似文献   

2.
在无水乙醇中,用吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸铵(APDTC)和1,10-邻菲咯啉(o-phen·H2O)与TmCl3·3.65H2O作用,合成了未见文献报道的三元固态配合物,确定它的组成为Tm[(C5H8NS2)3(C12H8N2)]。用RD496-Ⅲ微量热计测定了298.15K下水合氯化铥及两个配体在无水乙醇中的溶解焓,两个配体醇溶液的混合焓及不同温度下标题化合物液相生成反应的焓变。在实验和计算基础上,得到了液相生成反应的热力学参数(活化焓、活化熵和活化自由能),速率常数和动力学参数(表现活化能、频率因子和反应级数)。通过合理的热化学循环,求得了298.15K时标题化合物的固相生成反应焓变;推导了用该热量计测定固态物质比热容的计算式,并测定了题目配合物298.15K的比热容。用RBC-Ⅱ精密转动弹热量计测定了题目配合物的恒容燃烧热,计算了它们的标准摩尔燃烧焓和标准摩尔生成焓。  相似文献   

3.
在无水乙醇中,使低水合氯化稀土(RE=La, Pr, Nd, Sm)与吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸铵(APDC)和1,10-邻二氮菲(o-phen·H2O)反应,制得其三元固态配合物.用化学分析和元素分析确定它们的组成为RE (C5H8NS2)3(C12H8N2) (RE=La, Pr, Nd, Sm).IR光谱说明RE3+分别与3个PDC-的6个硫原子双齿配位,同时与o-phen的2个氮原子双齿配位,配位数为8.用精密转动弹热量计测定了它们的恒容燃烧热ΔcU,分别为-17776.94±7.72, -17810.41±7.93, -17762.71±7.91和-17482.42±9.35 kJ·mol-1;并计算了它们的标准摩尔燃烧焓ΔcHm和标准摩尔生成焓ΔfHm,分别为-17792.43±7.72, -17825.90±7.93, -17778.20±7.91, -17497.91±9.35 kJ*mol-1和-83.05±8.60, -64.70±9.40, -104.77±8.78, -388.70±10.13 kJ·mol-1.估算出未研究的同类配合物Ce(C5H8NS2)3(C12H8N2)和Pm(C5H8NS2)3(C12H8N2)的ΔcH(○-)m和ΔfH(○-)m分别为-17815, -17660 kJ·mol-1和-60, -217 kJ·mol-1.  相似文献   

4.
以铜试剂(NaEt2dtc·3H2O)和菲咯啉(phen·H2O)与低水合氯化狄(DyCl3·3.74H2O)在无水乙醇中反应,制得三元固态配合物,化学分析和元素分析确定该化合物的组成为Dy(Et2dtc)3(phen)。IR光谱表明配合物中Dy3 与3个NaEt2dtc中的6个硫原子双齿配位,同时与phen中的2个氮原子双齿配位,可推测其配位数为8。用微热量计测定出298.15 K下液相生成反应的焓变A,H曼(1)为(一19.091±0.015)kJ·mol_。,通过合理的热化学循环计算出固相生成反应焓变△rHmθ(s)为(139.641±0.482)kJ·mol-1;改变反应温度,研究了配合物的液相生成反应的热动力学,配合物的恒容燃烧能△cU用精密转动弹热量计测定为(-16730.21±9.25)kJ·mol-1,其标准燃烧焓△fHmθ和标准生成焓△fHmθ经计算分别为(-16749.42±9.25)kJ·mol-1和(-2019.68±10.19)kJ·mol~1。  相似文献   

5.
固态配合物RE(C5H8NS2)3(C12H8N2)的光谱性质   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
在无水乙醇中, 合成了组成为RE(C5H8NS2)3(C12H8N2) (RE=La, Pr, Nd, Sm~Lu) 的固态配合物. IR光谱表明配合物中稀土离子(RE3 )与吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸铵 (APDC)中的硫原子和1, 10-邻菲咯琳(o-phen) 中的氮原子均双齿配位; UV光谱显示配合物中o-phen与稀土离子之间的能量传递是主要过程, 配合物的最大吸收与o-phen相比有微小的红移; FS光谱表明配合物Sm(C5H8NS2)3(C12H8N2)和Eu(C5H8NS2)3(C12H8N2)具有很强的荧光性质.  相似文献   

6.
在无水乙醇中, 用铜试剂(NaEt2dtc•3H2O)和邻菲咯啉(o-phen•H2O)分别与13种低水合氯化稀土合成了三元固态配合物(其中5种尚未见文献报道), 确定它们的组成可用通式RE(Et2dtc)3(phen)表示. IR光谱表明配合物中RE3+与3个NaEt2dtc中的6个硫原子双齿配位, 同时与o-phen中的2个氮原子双齿配位. 用RD496-Ⅲ微量热计测定了298.15 K下13种水合氯化稀土盐及两个配体在无水乙醇中的溶解焓, 两个配体醇溶液的混合焓及13种化合物液相生成反应的焓变, 并通过合理的热化学循环, 求得了标题配合物的固相生成反应焓变; 测定了标题配合物298.15 K的比热容. 用RBC-II精密转动弹热量计测定了标题配合物的恒容燃烧热, 计算了它们的标准摩尔燃烧焓和标准摩尔生成焓. 发现系列配合物RE(Et2dtc)3(phen) (RE=La, Pr, Nd, Sm~Lu)的多项热化学性质, 如低水合氯化稀土盐在无水乙醇中的溶解焓以及配合物的液相生成反应焓变和固相生成反应焓变、常温比热容、标准摩尔燃烧焓和标准摩尔生成焓都与稀土原子序数作图呈现“三分组现象”. 较集中地反映出配合物中RE3+与配体间的化学键有一定程度的共价性, 这是由于稀土离子5s25p6轨道对4f电子的不完全屏蔽引起的.  相似文献   

7.
樊学忠  陈三平  谢钢  高胜利  史启祯 《化学学报》2006,64(10):1022-1030
在无水乙醇中, 用铜试剂(NaEt2dtc•3H2O)和邻菲咯啉(o-phen•H2O)分别与13种低水合氯化稀土合成了三元固态配合物(其中5种尚未见文献报道), 确定它们的组成可用通式RE(Et2dtc)3(phen)表示. IR光谱表明配合物中RE3+与3个NaEt2dtc中的6个硫原子双齿配位, 同时与o-phen中的2个氮原子双齿配位. 用RD496-Ⅲ微量热计测定了298.15 K下13种水合氯化稀土盐及两个配体在无水乙醇中的溶解焓, 两个配体醇溶液的混合焓及13种化合物液相生成反应的焓变, 并通过合理的热化学循环, 求得了标题配合物的固相生成反应焓变; 测定了标题配合物298.15 K的比热容. 用RBC-II精密转动弹热量计测定了标题配合物的恒容燃烧热, 计算了它们的标准摩尔燃烧焓和标准摩尔生成焓. 发现系列配合物RE(Et2dtc)3(phen) (RE=La, Pr, Nd, Sm~Lu)的多项热化学性质, 如低水合氯化稀土盐在无水乙醇中的溶解焓以及配合物的液相生成反应焓变和固相生成反应焓变、常温比热容、标准摩尔燃烧焓和标准摩尔生成焓都与稀土原子序数作图呈现“三分组现象”. 较集中地反映出配合物中RE3+与配体间的化学键有一定程度的共价性, 这是由于稀土离子5s25p6轨道对4f电子的不完全屏蔽引起的.  相似文献   

8.
朱丽  焦宝娟  帅琪  杨旭武  高胜利  史启祯 《有机化学》2004,24(11):1417-1422
改进文献方法,以铜试剂(NaEt2dtc·3H2O)和邻菲咯啉(o-phen·H2O)与低水合氯化钬(HoCl3·3.58H2O)在无水乙醇中反应,制得三元固态配合物.化学分析和元素分析确定该配合物的组成为Ho(Et2dtc)3(phen).IR光谱表明配合物中Ho3 与3个NaEt2dtc中的6个硫原子双齿配位,同时与o-phen中的2个氮原子双齿配位,可推测其配位数为8.用微量热量计测定了298.15 K下液相生成反应的焓变△rHm (1),为(-14.697±0.0376)kJ·mol-1,通过合理的热化学循环计算了固相生成反应焓变△rHm (s),为(117.504±0.619)kJ·mol-1;改变反应温度,研究了配合物的液相生成反应的热力学性质.配合物的恒容燃烧能△cU用精密转动弹热量计测定为(-18687.64±8.22)kJ·mol-1,其标准燃烧焓△cHm 和标准生成焓△fHm 经计算分别为(-18706.85±8.22)和(-70.01±9.37)kJ·mol-1.  相似文献   

9.
在无水乙醇中,用吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸铵(APDTC)和1,10-邻菲咯啉(o-phen·H2O)与TmCl3·3.65H2O作用,合成了未见文献报道的三元固态配合物,确定它的组成为Tm[(C5/sub>H8NS2)3(C12H8N2)]。 用RD496-Ⅲ微量热计测定了298.15 K下水合氯化铥及两个配体在无水乙醇中的溶解焓,两个配体醇溶液的混合焓及不同温度下标题化合物液相生成反应的焓变。在实验和计算基础上,得到了液相生成反应的热力学参数(活化焓、活化熵和活化自由能),速率常数和动力学参数(表现活化能、频率因子和反应级数)。通过合理的热化学循环,求得了298.15 K时标题化合物的固相生成反应焓变;推导了用该热量计测定固态物质比热容的计算式,并测定了题目配合物298.15 K的比热容。用RBC-Ⅱ精密转动弹热量计测定了题目配合物的恒容燃烧热, 计算了它们的标准摩尔燃烧焓和标准摩尔生成焓。  相似文献   

10.
以铜试剂(NaEt2dtc•3H2O)和邻菲咯啉(o-phen•H2O) 与水合氯化铽(TbCl3•3.75H2O)在无水乙醇中制得了三元固态配合物.化学分析和元素分析确定其组成为Tb(Et2dtc)3(phen).IR光谱研究表明配合物中Tb3+与NaEt2dtc中的硫原子双齿配位,同时与phen的氮原子双齿配位.用Calvet微热量计测定了298.15 K下液相生成反应的焓变ΔrHmθ(l),为(-21.819±0.055) kJ•mol-1,通过热化学循环计算了固相生成反应焓变ΔrHmθ(s),为(128.476±0.675) kJ•mol-1.改变反应温度,研究了液相生成反应的热动力学.用精密转动弹热量计测得配合物的恒容燃烧能ΔcU为(-17646.95±8.64) kJ•mol-1,经计算其标准燃烧焓ΔcHHmθ和标准生成焓ΔfHmθ分别为(-17666.16±8.64) kJ•mol-1和(-1084.04±9.49) kJ•mol-1.  相似文献   

11.

The thermal behavior of the complex Pr[(C5H8NS2)(C12H8N2)] in a dry nitrogen flow was examined by TG-DTG analysis. The TG-DTG investigations indicated that Pr[(C5H8NS2)(C12H8N2)] was decomposed into Pr2S3 and deposited carbon in one step where Pr2S3 predominated in the final products. The results of non-isothermal kinetic calculations showed that the decomposition stage was the random nucleation and subsequent growth mechanism(n = 2/3), the corresponding apparent activation energyE was 115.89 kJ•mol−1 and the pre-exponential constant In[A/s] was 7.8697. The empirical kinetics model equation was proposed as\(f(\alpha ) = \frac{3}{2}(1 - \alpha )[ - 1n(1 - \alpha )]^{\frac{1}{3}} \). The X-ray powder diffraction patterns of the thermal decomposition products at 800 °C under N2 atmosphere show that the product can be indexed to the cubic Pr2S3 phase. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of the final product reveals the particle appearance of a diameter within 40 nm. The experimental results show that the praseodymium sulfide nanocrystal can be prepared from thermal decomposition of Pr[(C5H8NS2)(C12H8N2)].

  相似文献   

12.
The kinetics and H atom channel yield at both 298 and 195 K have been determined for reactions of CN radicals with C2H2 (1.00+/-0.21, 0.97+/-0.20), C2H4 (0.96+/-0.032, 1.04+/-0.042), C3H6 (pressure dependent), iso-C4H8 (pressure dependent), and trans-2-C4H8 (0.039+/-0.019, 0.029+/-0.047) where the first figure in each bracket is the H atom yield at 298 K and the second is that at 195 K. The kinetics of all reactions were studied by monitoring both CN decay and H atom growth by laser-induced fluorescence at 357.7 and 121.6 nm, respectively. The results are in good agreement with previous studies where available. The rate coefficients for the reaction of CN with trans-2-butene and iso-butene have been measured at 298 and 195 K for the first time, and the rate coefficients are as follows: k298K=(2.93+/-0.23)x10(-10) cm3 molecule(-1) s(-1), k195K=(3.58+/-0.43)x10(-10) cm3 molecule(-1) s(-1) and k298K=(3.17+/-0.10)x10(-10) cm3 molecule(-1) s(-1), k195K=(4.32+/-0.35)x10(-10) cm3 molecule(-1) s(-1), respectively, where the errors represent a combination of statistical uncertainty (2sigma) and an estimate of possible systematic errors. A potential energy surface for the CN+C3H6 reaction has been constructed using G3X//UB3LYP electronic structure calculations identifying a number of reaction channels leading to either H, CH3, or HCN elimination following the formation of initial addition complexes. Results from the potential energy surface calculations have been used to run master equation calculations with the ratio of primary:secondary addition, the average amount of downward energy transferred in a collision DeltaEd, and the difference in barrier heights between H atom elimination and an H atom 1, 2 migration as variable parameters. Excellent agreement is obtained with the experimental 298 K H atom yields with the following parameter values: secondary addition complex formation equal to 80%, DeltaEd=145 cm(-1), and the barrier height for H atom elimination set 5 kJ mol(-1) lower than the barrier for migration. Finally, very low temperature master equation simulations using the best fit parameters have been carried out in an increased precision environment utilizing quad-double and double-double arithmetic to predict H and CH3 yields for the CN+C3H6 reaction at temperatures and pressures relevant to Titan. The H and CH3 yields predicted by the master equation have been parametrized in a simple equation for use in modeling.  相似文献   

13.
A model complex optical potential (composed of static, exchange, polarization and absorption terms) is employed to calculate the total (elastic and inelastic) electron-atom scattering cross sections from the corresponding atomic wave function at the Hartree-Fock level. The total cross sections (TCS) for electron scattering by their corresponding molecules (C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, C3H6, C3H8 and C4H8) are firstly obtained by the use of the additivity rule over an incident energy range of 10–1000 eV. The qualitative molecular results are compared with experimental data and other calculations wherever available, good agreement is obtained in intermediate-and high-energy region.  相似文献   

14.
The thermal behavior of the complex Pr[(C5H8NS2)3(C12H8N2)] in a dry nitrogen flow was examined by TG-DTG analysis. The TG-DTG investigations indicated that Pr[(C5H8NS2)3-(C12H8N2)] was decomposed into Pr2S3 and deposited carbon in one step where Pr2S3 predominated in the final products. The results of non-isothermal kinetic calculations showed that the decomposition stage was the random nucleation and subsequent growth mechanism (n = 2/3), the corresponding apparent activation energy ?was 115.89 kJ·mol-1 and the pre-expo-nential constant ln[A/s] was 7.8697. The empirical kinetics model equation was proposed as/(α) =3/2(1-α)[-ln(1-α)]1/3.The X-ray powder diffraction patterns of the thermal decomposition products at 800℃under N2 atmosphere show that the product can be indexed to the cubic Pr2S3 phase. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of the final product reveals the particle appearance of a diameter within 40 nm. The experimental results show that the praseodymium sulfide nanocrystal can be prepared from thermal decomposition of Pr[(C5H8NS2)3(C12H8N2)].  相似文献   

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