Chemiluminescent reaction of Ba(3P) with N2O at hyperthermal collision energies: rotational alignment of the BaO(A 1Sigma+) product

The chemiluminescent reaction Ba(6s6p (3)P)+N(2)O was studied at an average collision energy of 1.56 eV in a beam-gas arrangement. Ba((3)P) was produced by laser ablation of barium, which resulted in a broad collision energy distribution extending up to approximately 5.7 eV. A series of experiments was made to extract the Ba((3)P) contribution to chemiluminescence from that corresponding to Ba 6s(2) (1)S0 and 6s5d (3)D, which are the other two most populated states in the atomic beam. The fully dispersed polarized chemiluminescence spectra at 400-600 nm from the title reaction were recorded and assigned to a BaO molecule excited in the A (1)Sigma+ level. In addition, the average and wavelength-resolved degrees of polarization associated to the parallel BaO(A (1)Sigma+-->X (1)Sigma+) emission are reported. The analysis of the average polarization degree show that the BaO(A (1)Sigma+) product is significantly aligned, suggesting that the reaction mechanism is predominantly direct. The product rotational alignment was found to depend markedly on the emission wavelength, which revealed a negative correlation with the BaO(A (1)Sigma+) product vibrational state. On the basis of experimental and theoretical investigations on the reactions of N(2)O with both the (1)S0, (3)D, and (1)P1 states of Ba and the lighter group 2 atoms, it is suggested that the Ba((3)P) reaction involves a charge transfer at relatively short reagent separations and that restricted collision geometries at the highest velocity components of the broad distribution are necessary to rationalize the data.     

Low energy crossed beam study of the endothermic charge transfer reaction H+2(Ar,H2)Ar+

A crossed beam study of the title reaction if reported, from 0.45 to 7.8 eV. The reaction is predominantly translationally endothermic. At the lowest energy, there is evidence for two reaction paths: a long-range electron transfer and an intimate collision with electron transfer. Branching ratios for the competitive proton transfer reaction are presented.     

量子化学MNDO法中键强度的描述

1 前言以CNDO 法为基础建立的键函数方法,把量子化学的成键强度与传统的成键和非成键相互作用的有关项直接联系了起来.它对σ、π体系都能作定量描述,并且有旋转不变性,满足对称性要求,能很好地随键长变化反映键强度情况,并作了很好的尝试.按照同样原理,本文用理论上已作了许多改进的MNDO 法建立原子对作用能E_(AB)来量度成键强度.理论上可以证明,MNDO 法的原子     

Gas-phase SN2 and bromine abstraction reactions of chloride ion with bromomethane: reaction cross sections and energy disposal into products

Reaction cross sections and product velocity distributions are presented for the bimolecular gas-phase nucleophilic substitution (S(N)2) reaction Cl(-) + CH(3)Br --> CH(3)Cl + Br(-) as a function of collision energy, 0.06-24 eV. The exothermic S(N)2 reaction is inefficient compared with phase space theory (PST) and ion-dipole capture models. At the lowest energies, the S(N)2 reaction exhibits the largest cross sections and symmetrical forward/backward scattering of the CH(3)Cl + Br(-) products. The velocity distributions of the CH(3)Cl + Br(-) products are in agreement with an isotropic PST distribution, consistent with a complex-mediated reaction and a statistical internal energy distribution of the products. Above 0.2 eV, the velocity distributions become nonisotropic and nonstatistical, exhibiting CH(3)Cl forward scattering between 0.2 and 0.6 eV. A rebound mechanism with backward scattering above 0.6 eV is accompanied by a new rising feature in the CH(3)Cl + Br(-) cross sections. The competitive endothermic reaction Cl(-) + CH(3)Br --> CH(3) + ClBr(-) rises from its thermochemical threshold at 1.9 +/- 0.4 eV, showing nearly symmetrically scattered products just above threshold and strong backward scattering above 3 eV associated with a second feature in the cross section.     

New cross section functions for hot 18F atom collisions with H2, HD and D2

New analytic reaction cross-section functions are reported for hot ¹⁸F atoms reacting with H₂, HD and D₂. A realistic model is proposed for the total non-reactive cross section in these systems throughout the center-of-mass collision energy range 0–100 eV.     

Quantum Dynamics Study on D+OD+ Reaction: Competition between Exchange and Abstraction Channels

Quantum dynamics for the D+OD⁺ reaction at the collision energy range of 0.0-1.0 eV was studied on an accurate ab initio potential energy surface. Both of the endothermic abstrac-tion (D+OD⁺→O⁺+D₂) and thermoneutral exchange (D+OD⁺→D+OD⁺) channels were investigated from the same set of time-dependent quantum wave packets method under cen-trifugal sudden approximation. The reaction probability dependence with collision energy, the integral cross sections, and the thermal rate constant of the both channels are calculated. It is found that there is a convex structure in the reaction path of the exchange reaction. The calculated time evolution of the wave packet distribution at J=0 clearly indicates that the convex structure significantly influences the dynamics of the exchange and abstraction channels of title reaction.     

Total cross sections for K + Br2 at relative energies between 0 and 8000 eV

Trajectory Surface Hopping (TSH) calculations have been applied to the non-elastic scattering in the K + Br₂ collision system over a wide range of relative kinetic energies from 0 to 8000 eV. Absolute total cross sections have been computed for the formation of various collision products with an accuracy of 5% with respect to statistical errors. The following non-elastic processes have been studied: chemical reaction, inelastic neutral scattering, neutral dissociation and ion pair formation, yielding atomic as well as molecular negative bromine ions together with PC ions. The absolute values of the respective total cross sections, obtained from the TSH calculations, are in close agreement with the available experimental data, both for chemical reaction and for ion pair formation, over the whole energy range considered. The three particle character of the collision system is important in describing the experimental results quantitatively at relative kinetic energies below 100 eV.     

Dynamics of the reaction H2+(He,H)HeH+. Influence of various forms of reactant energy on the total and differential cross section

Results of quasiclassical trajectory calculations of reactive processes between He atoms and H₂⁺ (υ, J) molecular ions in the collision energy interval 0.5–5.0 eV (c.m.) for a large number of selected υ, J combinations are analyzed with respect to the influence of the initial translational, vibrational, and rotational energy on the total and differential reaction cross sections. Vibrational energy is more effective in promoting the reaction than translational energy. Small rotational excitation has a negligible effect, whereas high rotational excitation has a similar influence on the reaction cross sections as the vibrational excitation of the same magnitude.     

Experimental and theoretical studies of the reaction Ba+(D2, D)BaD+: sequential impulse model for endothermic reactions

The sequential impulse model for direct reactions of Mahan, Ruska and Winn is extended to include endothermic reactions. The model is outlined and used to predict the variation in cross section with kinetic energy for heavy atom—light homonuclear diatom reactions. The results are found to agrees well with experimental data for the reaction Ba⁺(D₂, D)BaD⁺. The bond dissociation energy of BaD⁺, 2.5 ± 0.1 eV, and the proton affinity of Ba, 250 ± 3 kcal/mol, are derived.     

Pu(7Fg)＋CO(X 1Σ＋，0，0)的分子反应动力学

基于PuCO分子基态()的分析势能函数， 用准经典的Monte Carlo轨线法对Pu(7Fg)＋CO(0，0)的分 子反应动力学过程进行了计算.结果表明, Pu(7Fg)与CO(0，0)碰撞易生成PuCO络合物分子，该反应是无阈能反应，反应截面σ随能量Et的升高而下降，当Et=502.1 kJ•mol－1时，σ几乎为零.