苯、乙烯和乙苯在HZSM－5及其负载Co，Zn的催化剂上的吸附和脱附行为

用ＴＰＤ（程序升温脱附）和ＴＰＳＲ（程序升温表面反应）技术研究了苯、乙烯和乙苯在ＨＺＳＭ－５及其负载Ｃｏ、Ｚｎ的催化剂上的吸附和脱附行为．结果表明，苯的ＴＰＤ峰皆为弥散的单峰．乙烯在ＨＺＳＭ－５及Ｚｎ／ＨＺＳＭ－５催化剂上发生二聚、歧化和芳构化反应，在Ｚｎ／ＨＺＳＭ－５上乙烯的二聚和歧化反应能力减弱，芳构化能力增强．苯和乙烯ＴＰＳＲ行为与吸附苯和乙烯的先后顺序有很大关系，主要产物是甲苯、乙苯和苯乙烯等．乙苯在各种催化剂上发生裂解和脱氢反应．结合活性评价结果，对苯和乙烯在催化剂上直接生成苯乙烯的途径进行了探讨．     

苯、乙烯和乙苯在HZSM-5及其负载Co,Zn的催化剂上的吸附和脱附行为

用ＴＰＤ和ＴＰＳＲ技术研究了苯，乙烯和乙苯在ＨＺＳＭ－５及其负载Ｃｏ、Ｚｎ的催化剂上的吸附和脱附地为。结果表明，苯的ＴＰＤ峰皆为弥散的单峰。乙烯在ＨＺＳＭ－５及Ｚｎ／ＨＺＳＭ－５催化剂上发生二聚、歧化和芳构化反应，在Ｚｎ／ＨＺＳＭ－５上乙烯的二聚和歧化反应能力减弱，芳构化能力增强。     

苯与乙烯在ZSM－5上的烷基化反应──Ⅰ．动力学规律及反应机理

用无梯度反应器在１．１ＭＰａ，６２８Ｋ到７１３Ｋ范围内研究了低浓度乙烯和苯在ＺＳＭ－５催化剂上烷基化反应的动力学规律．实验发现，乙烯的转化速率与苯分压无关；苯生成乙苯的选择性随苯分压增加而增高，但与乙烯分压无关．实验结果清楚地表明；乙烯在活性位上的吸附是反应的控制步骤；苯的吸附属弱吸附，吸附粒子既不成为活性分子，也不影响乙烯的吸附，但有效地阻止了乙烯的双分子聚合反应，使烷基化反应顺利进行．     

苯与乙烯在ZSM-5上的烷基化反应:Ⅰ.动力学规律及反应机理

用无梯度反应器在１．１ＭＰａ，６２８Ｋ到７１３Ｋ范围内研究了低浓度乙烯和苯在ＺＳＭ－５催化剂上烷基化反应的动力学规律。实验发现，乙烯的转化速率与苯分压无关；苯生成乙苯的吸附是反应的控制步骤；苯的吸附属弱吸附，吸附粒子既不成为活性分子。也不影响乙烯的吸附，但有效地阻止了乙烯的双分子聚合反应，使烷基化反应顺利进行。     

"中性"粘土矿物对非水溶液中有机碱的吸附

理想品格中无同晶转换，因而不带层电行的中性粘土矿物（即：1：1型的高岭石，板状蛇纹石和2：1型的叶蜡石，滑石）对非极性有机溶剂中有机碱（偶氮苯化合物，pKa＝1.5-5.0）的吸附等温线均属于Langmuir型，且吸附在矿物表面的有机碱均由其碱型变为酸型.偶氮苯化合物的pKa越大，被吸附的量越多在溶剂为正己烷和二硫化碳时粘土的吸附能力比溶剂为苯时高.这些结果说明不带层电行的粘土矿物表面存在着酸位.蒙脱石的酸位数量明显地储存于阳离子种类，但在Na＋、Ca2＋、Mg2＋饱和的条件下高岭石的改位数量几乎相同.随着相对湿度的增加;两矿物对甲基黄的吸附量均减少，但减少的方式明显不同、因此1：1型高岭石和2：1型叶蜡石一样，也具有与蒙脱石不同的表面酸性起源。     

铝镁柱联粘土的制备及表征

以铝镁双金属离子低聚物为交联剂，制备了复合柱联膨润土催化剂（简称为Ａｌ－Ｍｇ－ＰＩＬＣ）。详细考察了Ｍｇ／Ａｌ比、Ａｌ／土比等因素对合成产品性能的影响。借助于ＸＲＤ、ＢＥＴ、ＤＴＡ表征手段，结合轻柴油裂解，三甲基苯转化反应，探讨催化剂表面酸性。结果表明，铝镁复合柱直径小于的相应值，所得柱联粘土表面总酸量较少，强酸比例增大。经３５０℃脱附后，其吡啶吸附量可保持２５℃下吸附值的７％左右，而Ａｌ－ＰＩＬＣ只保留２．５％。进一步证实了交联剂的改进对柱联粘土催化剂性能的影响。     

高岭石—金—硫系列的化学键与稳定性研究

用密度泛函离散变分计算方法（ＤＦＴ－ＤＶＭ），研究了高岭石、高岭石－金和高岭石－金－硫系列，讨论了结构，化学键与稳定性之间的关系。选用了不含金及金或金－硫原子团位于不同方位的多个模型。计算结果表明，金位于层状高岭石侧面的模型比金位于上、下面更为稳定，在金位于层状高岭石侧面的情况下，金靠近铝的模型比金靠近铝空位更为稳定，高岭石－金－硫体系中的金－硫原子团比高岭石－金体系中的更容易被高岭石吸附。模型间     

原位红外光谱法研究沸石催化剂上苯与乙烯烷基化反应

采用原位红外光谱技术,于１２０￣２００℃下,对沸石催化剂上苯与乙烯烷基化的反应机理进行了探讨,结果表明,乙烯,苯和乙苯吸附在催化剂的同一类活性中心上,它们之间存在着竞争吸附,乙烯的吸附能力较苯和乙苯强;吸附的乙烯可与吸附的苯或乙苯发生烷基化反应。催化剂上已吸附乙烯时,由于乙烯在强吸附位上吸附较牢,苯和乙苯不易吸附,烷基化反应难以进行,且吸附的乙烯间可发生反应。乙烯与乙苯的反应内烯与异丙苯的反应难于     

1,4—双（氯甲基）—2—甲氧基—5—壬氧基苯的均聚和共聚研究

以１，４－双（氯甲基）－２，５一二甲基苯（ＢＣＭＤＭＢ）和１，４－双氯甲基－２－甲氧基－５－壬氧基苯（ＢＣＭＭＯＮＯＢ）为单体，采用脱氯化氢法，合成了聚（２，５－二甲基）对亚苯基亚乙烯（ＰＤＭＰＶ）和聚（２－甲氧基－５－壬氧基）对亚苯基亚乙烯（ＰＭＯＮＯＰＶ）；并对ＢＣＭＤＭＢ和ＢＣＭＭＯＮＯＢ的共聚进行了研究。结果表明，适宜的反应条件为：碱与单体的摩尔比为２０∶１，在室温下聚合时间为３０ｈ，碱的ｐＨ＝１４时产率最高。用ＩＲ、１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ、ＵＶ—Ｖｉｓ对聚合物进行了表征。     

苯-乙烯超临界烷基化反应体系在ZSM-5中吸附行为的分子模拟

运用巨正则蒙特卡罗的方法研究了超临界苯-乙烯混合体系在ZSM-5分子筛中的吸附行为.首先模拟了苯-乙烯混合物在ZSM-5分子筛中的吸附等温线.苯的吸附等温线呈现出先增大,而后渐趋平衡,最后又有减小的趋势.而苯在分子筛中的吸附位集中在弯曲通道和直通道的交叉处,且不随压力的变化而变化.从苯在两通道的交叉处产生了"类凝结"(commensurate freezing)现象的角度解释了这种现象.乙烯的情况有所不同,其吸附等温线始终呈增大的趋势,其吸附位随着压力的变化呈现明显的变化.探讨了不同主体相苯/乙烯比(进料比)下超临界的苯-乙烯的混合吸附行为.表明苯的平衡吸附量曲线基本上不随主体相苯/乙烯比的变化而变化,而乙烯随主体相苯/乙烯比的增大而减小,它们在主体相苯/乙烯比为3:1时相交.因此,由苯和乙烯生成乙苯的反应机理出发,从理论上得到了超临界条件下最优的进料比为3:1.此外,在超临界条件下,观察到苯的吸附位集中在两通道交叉处,乙烯的吸附位集中在除两通道交叉处之外的直通道和弯曲通道中,它们不随主体相苯/乙烯比的变化而变化.     

高温水蒸汽处理对HZSM-5分子筛上乙烯、苯烷基化反应性能的影响

本文用色谱法考察了直接法合成并经不同条件高温水蒸汽处理过的HZSM-5分子筛催化剂对乙烯的作用;用微反研究了这些样品用于苯和乙烯烷基化反应的催化性能;考察了这些性能与表面酸性质的关系并对水蒸汽处理条件和烷基化反应条件的选择进行了讨论.     

Molecular simulation study of adsorption and diffusion on silicalite for a benzene/CO2 mixture

The adsorption and diffusion of a binary mixture of supercritical CO2 and benzene on silicalite (MFI-type) have been studied through the grand canonical Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The adsorption behavior of pure CO2 on silicalite was discussed in detail from the adsorption isotherms, adsorption sites, interaction energies, and isosteric heats of adsorption. For the mixture, the influences of temperature, pressure and composition on the adsorption isotherms have been examined. The adsorption site behavior of the mixture has been analyzed, and benzene molecules get adsorbed preferentially in the more spacious channel intersection positions. These simulation results suggest that SC-CO2 fluid can be used as an efficient desorbent of larger aromatics in the zeolite material. The diffusion characteristic for the benzene/CO2 mixture was studied on the basis of MD simulation. It was found that the large coadsorbed benzene molecule has a pronounced effect on the CO2 diffusion in the mixture, while the mobility of benzene molecules is very small due to geometrical restrictions.     

AlPO4-11分子筛的吸附热力学性质

AlPO_4-n系列分子筛是八十年代初由美国联合碳化物公司开发的一类新型分子筛,据报导到目前为止已经合成出20种不同型号结构的AlPO_4分子筛。经X-射线多晶和单晶衍射结构分析,部分AlPO_4分子筛的结构已搞清楚,AlPO_4-11结构也已经测定,它具有十元环一维孔道,孔口大小为0.67nm×0.40nm的分子筛。     

Structure and binding energies of unsaturated hydrocarbons on Si(001) and Ge(001)

The adsorption of acetylene, ethylene, and benzene on the Si(001) and Ge(001) surfaces is investigated by first-principles density-functional calculations within the generalized-gradient approximation. We find that the adsorption energies of the three hydrocarbons containing a triple bond, a double bond, and a pi-conjugated aromatic ring decrease as the sequence of C2H2>C2H4>C6H6. We also find that the bondings of acetylene, ethylene, and benzene to Ge(001) are much weaker than those to Si(001). As a result, benzene is weakly bound to Ge(001) while it is chemisorbed on Si(001), consistent with temperature-programmed desorption data.     

Diffusion and Adsorption of Benzene and Propylene in MFI,MWW and BEA Zeolites:Molecular Dynamics and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo Simulations

The diffusion and adsorption behaviors of benzene and propylene in zeolites MFI, MWW and BEA have been studied by molecular dynamics(MD) and grand canonical Monte Carlo(GCMC) simulations. The diffusion coefficients of benzene and propylene in MFI, MWW and BEA zeolites were calculated by simulating the mean-square displacements(MSD) at 298 and 600 K. Benzene and propylene showed the different adsorption rules in the channels of the three zeolites. For propylene, the molecular loadings decreased in the order:...     

Decomposition and aromatization of ethanol on ZSM-based catalysts

The adsorption, desorption, and reactions of ethanol have been investigated on pure and promoted ZSM-5 catalysts. FTIR spectroscopy indicated the formation of a strongly bonded ethoxy species on ZSM-5(80) at 300 K. TPD experiments following the adsorption of ethanol on both ZSM-5 and Mo2C/ZSM-5 have shown desorption profiles corresponding to unreacted ethanol and decomposition products (H2O, H2, CH3CHO, C4H10O, and C2H4). The main reaction pathway of ethanol on pure ZSM-5 is the dehydration reaction yielding ethylene, small amounts of hydrocarbons, and aromatics. Deposition of different additives, such as Mo2C, ZnO, and Ga2O3 on zeolite, greatly promoted the formation of benzene and toluene at 773-973 K, very likely by catalyzing the aromatization of ethylene formed in the dehydration process of ethanol. Separate studies of the reaction of ethylene revealed that the previous additives markedly enhanced the selectivity and the yield of aromatics on ZSM-5.     

Adsorption studies of acetic acid dimers on activated charcoal from organic solvents

Acetic acid exists as dimers in organic solvents like benzene, toluene and xylene. Adsorption of dimeric acetic acid on activated charcoal (AC) at various temperatures from benzene, toluene and xylene solutions have been studied. The system obeys Langmuir isotherm, thus signifying a monolayer adsorption of dimers. Corrections on AC-solvent pore volume fillings, molecular cross sectional surface area of acetic acid dimers, the adsorption equilibrium constants, the free energy change and the enthalpy change values are computed at different temperatures for the three solvents. The adsorption process has been found to be physisorption type. The FTIR measurements show that the adsorbed acetic acid dimer seems to retain the cyclic structure against the open chain non-cyclic structure.     

Toward a Better Understanding on the Adsorption Behavior of Aromatics in 12R Window Zeolites

Benzene adsorption behavior in a large family of 12R window zeolites (X, Y, EMT, Beta and LTL) has been examined by means of in-situ FTIR spectroscopy and correlated with the zeolite structure, the type and number of counter-ions, and the negative charge on framework oxygen atoms of zeolites. The effect of coadsorption of HCl, NH₃ and CH₃NH₂ on the benzene location has also been studied. The present work illustrates that besides the benzene adsorption on counter ions of zeolites, the 12R windows could also be the adsorption sites for benzene. Upon adsorption of coadsorbates such as HCl, NH₃ and CH₃NH₂, the migration of preadsorbed benzene molecules from one type of adsorption sites towards another, i.e. from 12R windows towards the cations for HCl and opposite direction for NH₃ and CH₃NH₂, has been evidenced. The lack of adsorption of benzene on 12R windows of NaBeta even upon coadsorption of a series of basic molecules reveals that benzene adsorption on 12R windows is most likely governed by a molecular recognition effect where benzene molecule and 12R window should have the adapted chemical and structural properties like in enzyme-substrate system and zeolites can be referred to as solid enzymes or zeo-enzymes. This paper indicates also that the adsorption properties of zeolites can be modified and accommodated by introduction of a co-adsorbate.