AlPO4-5分子筛的水热及微波辐射法合成与表征——推荐一个研究型综合实验

介绍一个研究型综合实验——传统水热及微波辐射法合成AlPO4-5型分子筛及其表征。实验分别通过传统水热加热晶化及微波辐射加热晶化制备了AlPO4-5型分子筛,采用X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)及红外光谱(FT-IR)法对产物的结构进行表征,产物的晶体形貌由扫描电子显微镜(SEM)进行表征,并用吸附/脱附等温线对产物的氮气吸附/脱附性能进行表征。     

AlPO4-5分子筛中二氯苯吸附的分子模拟

采用巨正则蒙特卡罗法（GCMC）研究了二氯苯异构体在AlPO4-5中的吸附，得到了有关吸附热、吸附等温线及吸附位等信息.结果表明，在373 K时，邻二氯苯的吸附量高于对二氯苯；而在523和573 K时，对二氯苯的吸附量高于邻二氯苯.二氯苯的平均势能随着吸附量的增加而降低.讨论了二氯苯异构体在AlPO4-5中的吸附量与它们在分子筛中的排列方式的关系.     

C5烷烃分子在AlPO4-5分子筛中吸附的分子模拟研究

采用分子水平计算机模拟方法研究了环戊烷、正戊烷和2－甲基丁烷在AlPO4-5分子筛中的吸附，得到了有关吸附平衡常数、吸附热、吸附等温线以及平均势能等。结果表明，在373 K，2－甲基丁烷的饱和吸附量高于其他两种异构体；473 K，环戊烷的饱和吸附量高于其他两种异构体；573 K，在所测试的压力范围内，环戊烷的吸附量都高于其他两种异构体，2－甲基丁烷的吸附量高于正戊烷。C5烷烃分子在AlPO4-5中吸附量的不同是由于他们在分子筛中的排列方式不同而引起的。低吸附量时C5烷烃分子平均势能不随吸附量变化；高吸附量时平均势能随着吸附量的增加而降低；而2－甲基丁烷和环戊烷分子的平均势能变化更加明显。     

AlPO4-5分子筛模板剂的量子化学计算

以23种有机分子作为模板剂用于AlPO₄-5分子筛的合成,利用分子图形技术研究这些有机分子的形状和尺寸,采用量子化学PM3方法研究这些有机分子的电子性质,计算它们与AlPO₄-5分子筛骨架模型簇之间的相互作用能。结果表明,量子化学计算数据可以作为寻找合成AlPO₄-5分子筛新型模板剂时的重要参考依据。     

微波辐射法合成SAPO-5分子筛中硅铝比对产物结晶度和甲苯吸附性能的影响

采用硅溶胶作硅源, 用微波辐射法在酸性条件下(pH=4.5-5.0)合成了SAPO-5分子筛, 利用X射线衍射(XRD), 傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR), 扫描电镜(SEM)和Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET)比表面积分析对样品的结晶度、形貌和比表面等进行表征, 考察了晶化原料硅铝比对分子筛结晶度和晶体颗粒长径比(c/a)的影响, 测定了分子筛对甲苯的吸附性能. 结果显示, 采用微波辐射法合成的SAPO-5分子筛, 在硅铝摩尔比为0.50附近生成产物的结晶度最好, 晶体颗粒的长径比最小(约为1.0). 尽管不同硅铝比条件下得到的样品比表面测定结果变化不大, 但对甲苯的吸附实验显示, 在硅铝比为0.50时样品的吸附速率和饱和吸附量均达到了最大值. 这与表征所得的结晶度和长径比的变化一致, 即结晶度好,长径比小的SAPO-5分子筛具有更好的甲苯吸附性能.     

高质量AlPO4-5分子筛单晶的螯合剂法合成与表征

考察了几种螯合剂对AlPO4-5分子筛单晶合成的影响，结果表明，用邻苯二酚，乙酰丙酮，水杨醛为螯合剂可以得到高质量的，尺寸较大的分子筛单晶，其作用机理可能与它们加入到分子筛合成体系中，改变了溶胶中铝的配位数或产生了铝的螯合物有关。     

SHG Materials Based on the AlPO4-5 Single Crystals

Large AlPO4-5 molecular sieve single crystals with high optical quality were synthesized hydrothermally by using TPA as template. As-synthesized crystals were calcined under O2 atmosphere to remove the organic templates in the channels. Disperse-Red-1 (DR1) and p-nitroaniline (pNA) molecules have been successfully incorporated into the one-dimensional channels of AlPO4-5 single crystals respectively by means of vapor phase diffusion. XRD patterns reveal that the loading of organic molecules has not destroyed the structures of AlPO4-5 crystals. Polarizing microscope and SHG results indicate that the DR1 and pNA molecules are well aligned in a preferred direction along the crystal channels. The different polarization-dependence SH intensity shows that different SHG processes occur in the DR1- and pNA-loaded AlPO4-5 crystals.     

磷酸铝分子筛AlPO4-12的合成与性能研究

用乙二胺作模报剂,在水热体系中合成了磷酸铝分子筛ＡＩＰＯ４－１２,考察了反应混合物的初始ＰＨ值和乙二胺用量对产物结晶相的影响,产品的化学组成与文献值吻合。用ＸＲＤ、ＳＥＭ、ＩＲ、ＤＴＡ、化学分析和吸附等方法,对样品进行了表征及物化性能的研究,用丙酸与正丁醇的酯化为典型反应,考究了ＡＩＰＯ４－１２分子筛的催化性能,实验结果表明,ＡＩＰＯ４－１２具有良好的吸附性能、很高的热稳定性（骨架倒塌温度为９９７     

用固体核磁共振研究Al/P>1的磷酸铝分子筛AlPO4-5

用固体高分辩核磁共振（ＮＭＲ）方法对一系列Ａｌ／Ｐ＞１的新型磷酸铝分子筛ＡｌＰＯ４－５中磷和铝的结构状态及联结方式进行了研究，＾２７Ａｌ和＾３１Ｐ ＮＭＲ都给出了在分子筛骨架中存在有Ａｌ－Ｏ－Ａｌ联结方式的实验证据，寓示着在该体系中Ｐ和Ａｌ的排布不再遵循Ｌｏｅｗｅｎｓｔｅｉｎ规则。     

高质量AlPO4 -5分子筛大单晶的合成与表征

The AlPO4-5 molecular sieve has been synthesized hydrothermally by using tripropylamine (TPA) as the template, and pseudoboehmite and orthophosphoric acid as aluminum and phosphorus sources, respectively. The single crystals of AlPO4-5 with different sizes have been obtained by varying the molar ratio of reactants and the crystallization conditions (such as the temperature and time). The typical molar ratio of the reactive mixture is Al2O3∶P2O5∶TPA∶C2H5OH∶H2O∶HF=1∶1.2∶2.66∶80∶1000∶0.7, and perfect AlPO4-5 large single crystals with the maximum length up to 2.0 and 0.31 mm transverse dimension have been prepared by crystallizing the mixture at 457 K for 48 h. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) has been employed to observe the sizes and morphologies of the large single crystals of AlPO4-5. The structure of AlPO4-5 single crystal has been refined by the SMART 1000 single crystal diffractometer.     

离子热法制备多级孔AlPO_4-5分子筛

采用离子热法,以磷酸为磷源,γ-Al_2O_3为铝源,在1-丁基-3-甲基溴化咪唑离子液体中于320℃反应10 min内快速合成了多级孔AlPO_4-5分子筛,其结构和形貌经傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR),X-射线衍射(XRD),扫描电子显微镜(SEM),氮气物理吸-脱附(BET)和透射电镜(TEM)表征。     

二甲苯在AlPO4-5分子筛中吸附的分子模拟研究

采用巨正则蒙特卡罗法(GCMC)研究了二甲苯异构体在AlPO4-5中的吸附，得到了有关吸附平衡常数、吸附热、吸附等温线及吸附位等信息．结果表明，在303K时，邻二甲苯的吸附量高于其它异构体；而在523和573K时，对二甲苯的吸附量最高．低吸附量时二甲苯的平均势能基本不发生变化，而高吸附量时二甲苯的平均势能随着吸附量增加而降低，尤其邻二甲苯的平均势能变化更加明显．由此对二甲苯各异构体在AlPO4-5中的吸附量差别以及它们在分子筛中的排列方式进行了讨论．     

The Mechanism of Phase Transition of Molecular Sieve VPI-5 into AlPO4-8

The aluminophosphate molecular sieve VPI-5 has received much attention as a new structure containing one-dimensional circular pores circumscribed by 18 tetrahedral atoms. The AlPO_4-8 is another new type of structure which was found to contain 1 4-ring open pores. Recently, we have successfully synthesized the molecular sieves of VPI-5 and AlPO_4-8, and found that the mixture of VPI-5 and AlPO_4-8 was easily formed under similar conditions, and VPI-5 can be converted to AlPO_4-8 by dehydration via heating. It is suggested that there exists relationship between the structures of VPI-5 and A1PO_4-8. Therefore, the study on the transition and relationship between VPI-5 and A1PO_4-8 is very important for designing and preparing new molecular sieves with new structures.     

Sorption of C6 Alkanes in Aluminophosphate Molecular Sieve, AlPO4-5

Sorption of C₆ alkanes viz.,n-hexane, 2-methylpentane, 2,2-dimethyl butane, 2,3-dimethyl butane, cyclohexane and methyl cyclopentane in AlPO₄-5 is studied and sorption capacity and thermodynamic parameters (H⁰, H, G, S and S_a) at various sorption coverage for these sorbates have been estimated. The initial heat of sorption (H⁰) is found to increase with the degree of branching in the alkane chain. The sorbate-sorbate interactions are found to be more prominent during the sorption of doubly branched alkanes and cyclic alkanes and a higher sorption capacity has been observed for cyclic alkanes. Based on the results obtained, a packing model has been proposed for various C₆ alkanes inside the AlPO₄-5 channel.     

AlPO4-5大单晶的合成

用一种新的合成方法------扩散合成法,成功地合成出了长度达毫米级,截面较粗的AlPO4-5大单晶,进一步说明了体系的局域不均匀性是合成AlPO4-5大单晶的有利条件。     

VPI—5分子筛热相变转化成ALPO4—8的研究

VPI-5是具有十八元环超大孔道的磷酸铝分子筛,在加热过程中,随着孔道中的水分子的脱除,其骨架结构转化成具有十四元环孔道的AlPO_4-8分子筛。采用XRD及骨架结构模型计算等方法研究了这一相变过程,并对相变机理进行了探讨。     

正交相AlPO4-5相转变的红外光谱研究

80年代初美国联合碳化物公司(U.C.C)Tarry town 技术中心开发出一系列新型磷酸铝分子筛[1,2],其中的AIPO4-5是分子筛中研究最多、应用最广、最为典型的一种[37].     

H（Mg,Co）AlPO4—5杂原子分子筛的酸性质测定

以红外光谱和程序升温脱附法研究了H(Mg,Co)AlPO_4-5分子筛的酸性,样品红外谱图中的3820和3680cm~(-1)谱峰分别归属于v_(Al—OH)和v_(p—OH),而3660～3568cm~(-1)谱峰则分别归属于HMgAlPO_4-5和HCoAlPO_4-5分子筛的M(OH)P(M=Mg,Co)基团的振动,酸强度顺序为:Co(OH)P>Mg(OH)P>P(OH)>Al(OH),吡啶吸附的红外光谱揭示,H(Mg,Co)AlPO_4-5分子筛具有较高酸强度的B酸和L酸中心。NH_3-TPD表明分子筛的酸强度顺序为H(Co)AlPO_4-5>H(Mg)AlPO_4-5>>AlPO_4-5。     

Synthesis and Structure of Large Single Crystal of TPAF-AlPO_4-5 Molecular Sieve

A large single crystal of TPAF-AlPO4-5 molecular sieve was synthesized by hydrothermal crystallization in the presence of ammonium fluoride. Starting material composition was · 1 P2O5 · 1 Al2O3 · 2. 2 TPAOH · 1. 7 NH4F ·318 H2O. The crystal size has a hexagonal prism with 80μm across and 500μm length.The structure of tetrapropylarnmonium fluoride - aluminium phosphate type-5 was investigated with X-ray diffraction. The unit cell composition is 12AlPO4 · TPAF, space group P6cc (a= 13. 740(5), c= 8. 474(4) A ). Average bond distances are: P-O 1. 564A and Al-O 1. 640A ,which may be due to the partial disorder of the arrangement of P, Al in the framework. The angles of O-T-O and T-O-T (T?P, Al) are 102-116° and 148-176°, respectively. Residue electron density was not well enough defined to give a precise position for tetrapropylammonium fluoride (TPAF). The template agent, TPA cations, situate in the 12-ring channels and F- anions locate in double 4-rings near the 12-ring channels. Fixing atomic