雏菊叶龙胆酮快速制备与标准化分析

以龙胆科獐牙菜属植物抱茎獐牙菜(Swertia franchetiana H. Smith)全草为原料,建立了基于制备液相色谱技术的雏菊叶龙胆酮快速制备工艺,从500 g抱茎獐牙菜中分离获得1.66 g雏菊叶龙胆酮样品,之后完成纯度分析、结构鉴定、均匀性检查、稳定性检验和定值标准化分析研究。基于HPLC技术,采用不同的检测波长进行纯度测试,纯度均大于98%;基于LC-MS对制备的样品进行纯度测试,未发现明显杂质峰存在;经~1H-NM R和~(13)C-NM R确定其结构为1,5,8-三羟基-3-甲氧基山酮(雏菊叶龙胆酮)。该样品均匀性良好,4℃条件下24个月内稳定性良好,定值结果确定其纯度为99.57%,在95%置信区间范围内的相对扩展不确定度为0.50%。     

高效液相色谱/质谱分析抱茎獐牙菜提取物中的苷性成分

采用高效液相色谱／质谱法（HPLC／MS）分析抱茎獐牙菜提取物中5种苷性成分。在C18柱上,以甲醇（A：含20％水）和水（B：含10％甲醇）为流动相,流速1mL／min,线性梯度洗脱B从100％到0％,35min,液相色谱-质谱质联用（LC／MS）,大气压化学电离源（APCI）,对其中5种苷性成分进行定性鉴定。经HPLC／APCIMS分析确证,抱茎獐牙菜提取物中含有獐牙菜苦苷（swertiamarin）、龙胆苦苷（gentiopicroside）、獐牙菜苷（sweroside）、异红草苷（isoorientin）和獐牙菜山酮苷（swertianolin）。采用外标法定量,回收率分别为98．3％、106．7％、92．3％、88．2％和107．3％,该方法简便、快速、准确。     

野生与种植青海川西獐牙菜中微量元素的测定

为了对比野生与种植青海川西獐牙菜中微量元素的变化,分别采集野生川西獐牙菜与种植青海川西獐牙菜种子采收前后的全植株,采用原子吸收光谱仪测定了其铜、锌、铁、锰、钴等微量元素含量。结果表明,野生川西獐牙菜较种植青海川西獐牙菜中微量元素含量高,种植川西獐牙菜在成熟种子采收后较采收前(花果期)铁、锰、钴、锌等元素含量高。     

大孔树脂D-101纯化黑骨藤复方药物有效部位工艺研究

选取D-101型大孔树脂,以总黄酮、总萜和总生物碱的转移率评价上样质量浓度、上样量、吸附时间和洗脱液体积流量对纯化效果的影响,以落干酸、6'-O-β-D-葡萄糖基龙胆苦苷、獐牙菜苦苷、龙胆苦苷、獐牙菜苷、杠柳苷、延胡索乙素、四氢小檗碱和延胡索甲素的转移率评价洗脱液浓度对纯化效果的影响,以延胡索甲素的转移率确定洗脱终点,最终优化出最佳纯化工艺条件:上样质量浓度75mg/mL,样品:填料为1:70,吸附时间为2h,洗脱液体积流量为4.0mL/min,洗脱条件为先用3BV蒸馏水除杂,再依次用2BV 30%乙醇、2BV 60%乙醇和10BV95%乙醇洗脱。该纯化工艺稳定可行,可作为黑骨藤复方药物有效部位制备工艺。     

川西獐牙菜与抱茎獐牙菜中(口山)酮的高效液相色谱分析

采用反相高效液相色谱法同时分离和测定了龙胆科獐牙菜属的川西獐牙菜和抱茎獐牙菜中几种(口山)酮的含量.色谱柱为Kromasil C18(250 mm×4.60 mm i.d., 5 μm),流动相为甲醇-0.1%的磷酸水溶液(体积比为73∶27),流速1 mL/min,检测波长260 nm,柱温20 ℃.实验结果表明,该方法具有很好的线性关系与精密度,方法简单、准确、实用性强.     

HPLC法测定青海不同地区云雾龙胆花中两种活性成分的含量

建立了云雾龙胆花中龙胆苦苷和獐牙菜苦苷含量测定的HPLC方法。采用微波辅助动态回流法进行提取,色谱条件:Fusion-RP80 AC18柱(150×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相:甲醇-0.2%磷酸溶液梯度洗脱(0~25 min:15%~30%);流速:1 mL/min;柱温:30℃r=;检测波长240 nm。云雾龙胆花中獐牙菜苦苷和龙胆苦苷的色谱峰与共存组分完全达到基线分离,线性范围分别为0.105~0.945μg(r=0.9999),0.3~0.7μg(r=0.9999),平均加样回收率分别为95.7%(RSD=1.1%),98.1%(RSD=1.5%)。     

复盐K3Na(SO4)2的热化学研究

钾芒硝是一种成因复杂的复盐[1～ 3 ] ,并且由于钾芒硝Ｋ3 Ｎａ(ＳＯ4 ) 2 与硫酸钾石 [Ｋ3 Ｎａ(ＳＯ4 ) 2 或Ｎａ2 ＳＯ4 ·3Ｋ2 ＳＯ4 ]的化学组成相同 ,未能确定二者是否属于同一种复盐[4 ,5] 。我们合成了复盐Ｋ3 Ｎａ(ＳＯ4 )2[3 ] ,用溶解量热法测定了Ｋ3 Ｎａ(ＳＯ4 )2 和反应物 [Ｎａ2 ＳＯ4 (ｓ) +Ｋ2 ＳＯ4 (ｓ) ]的溶解焓 ,通过设计热化学循环计算出复盐的标准生成焓 ,为我们了解钾芒硝和硫酸钾石是否为同一复盐 ,并为进一步研究其成因和组成提供参考。1　实验部分1 1　试剂与仪器Ｋ2 ＳＯ4 (ｓ)和Ｎａ2 ＳＯ4 (ｓ)为Ａ .Ｒ .…     

青藏高原龙胆属中10种野生药材的4种主要活性成分的测定分析

建立反相高效液相色谱法同时测定青藏高原龙胆属中10种常用野生药材的獐牙菜苦苷、龙胆苦苷、獐芽菜苷、异荭草苷的含量.方法:采用反相高效液相色谱法.乙腈-水(0.1%的H3PO4)为流动相,梯度洗脱,洗脱条件为0.01 min→20.00 min→20.01 min→40.00 min→40.01 min→50.00 min,乙腈:12%→12%→15%→33%→100%→100%,体积流量1.0 mL/min,检测波长为240 nm,柱温25 ℃.4种成分均达到基线分离,线性良好.     

川西獐牙菜与抱茎獐牙菜中酮的高效液相色谱分析

采用反相高效液相色谱法同时分离和测定了龙胆科獐牙菜属的川西獐牙菜和抱茎獐牙菜中几种酮的含量。色谱柱为KromasilC18(250mm×4 60mmi d ,5μm),流动相为甲醇 0 1%的磷酸水溶液(体积比为73∶27),流速1mL/min,检测波长260nm,柱温20℃。实验结果表明,该方法具有很好的线性关系与精密度,方法简单、准确、实用性强。     

藏药麻花艽中四种苦苷类化学成分的HPLC测定

建立了藏药麻花艽中龙胆苦苷(gentiopicroside)、落干酸(loganic acid)、獐牙菜苦苷(swertiamarin)和獐牙菜苷(sweroside)4种苦苷类成分的HPLC分析方法。色谱柱为Eclipse XDB-C8(4.6 mm i.d.×150 mm,5μm),流动相为体积分数5%乙腈 10 mmoL甲酸~95%乙腈水溶液,检测波长为240 nm。结果表明,该方法具有良好的线性关系和回收率,为麻花艽中苦苷类成分的进一步开发利用提供了科学依据。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.