顶空衍生固相微萃取-气相色谱质谱法测定聚碳酸酯树脂中的环境雌激素

建立了固相微萃取-气相色谱质谱联用测定聚碳酸酯树脂中环境雌激素4-枯基苯酚和双酚A的分析方法。优化了固相微萃取纤维、萃取温度和时间、解吸时间、搅拌速度、pH等萃取条件及衍生化温度和时间、衍生化方式等衍生化条件，并对样品浸泡时间、浸泡温度等进行了研究。方法的线性范围为0．05μg/L～1mg／L，4-枯基苯酚和双酚A的检出限分别为50ng／L和0．5ng／L，相对标准偏差（RSD，n=5）分别为5．2％和1．6％，平均回收率（n=3）在90．50％～107．3％之间，该方法简单、快速、灵敏。     

固相微萃取-高效液相色谱法测定垃圾渗滤液中的双酚A

本文应用固相微萃取一高效液相色谱法(SPME—HPLC)分析了垃圾渗滤液中的痕量双酚A。对SPME的条件如测定模式、pH值、萃取时间、解吸方式、解吸溶剂、解吸时间和HPLC条件进行了优化。建立了SPME—HPLC分析垃圾渗滤液中痕量双酚A的方法。方法的线性范围为12．8～192μg／L,相关系数为0．9975,检出限为3．25μg／L(3σ,n=11)。以12．8μg／L的双酚A标准溶液平行测定11次,相对标准偏差(RSD)为4．4％,回收率为94．5％～103．3％。将其用于分析具有垃圾填埋场的渗滤液实际水样,结果十分满意。该方法具有快速、灵敏、简单、无溶剂的特点,适合于环境水样中痕量双酚A的分析。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定肝脏组织中盐酸克伦特罗和盐酸菜克多巴胺

建立了同时测定动物肝组织中盐酸克伦特罗和盐酸莱克多巴胺残留量的固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱分析方法。动物肝组织样品在碱化的条件下用乙酸乙酯和异丙醇混合溶剂提取，提取液浓缩后用乙酸乙酯溶解，然后再用稀盐酸反萃取去除脂肪，调pH值后经SCX固相萃取（SPE）柱净化，洗脱液经氮气吹干后经双三甲基硅基三氟乙酰氨（BSTFA）衍生，采用选择离子模式（盐酸克伦特罗：86、212、262、277，盐酸莱克多巴胺：163、192、234、250）进行测定，外标法定量。盐酸克伦特罗和盐酸莱克多巴胺的检出限分别为0．30和1．00μg／kg。盐酸克伦特罗添加浓度在1．0～5．0μg／kg范围内，添加回收率为77．4％～88．3％；相对标准偏差（RSD）为3．1％～5．1％；盐酸莱克多巴胺添加浓度在4．0～20．0μg／kg，添加回收率为69．8％～82．1％；相对标准偏差（RSD）为3．5％～4．9％；衍生物的峰面积与被测物浓度分别在0．003～1．00mg／L和0．012～4．00mg／L范围内呈良好的线性关系，线性回归系数均大于0．999。     

固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱法测定猪组织中沙丁胺醇残留量

建立了动物组织中沙丁胺醇残留量固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱分析方法。动物组织样品经过葡萄糖醛甙酶酶解后调节pH至9．5，然后用异丙醇／乙酸乙酯混合溶剂液液分配去除杂质，旋转浓缩后用乙酸铵缓冲溶液溶解经SCX固相萃取（SPE）柱净化，洗脱液经氮气吹干后用双三甲基硅基三氟乙酰氨（BSTFA）衍生，采用选择离子模式（86、350、369、440）进行测定，外标法定量。检出限为0．10μg/kg。在添加浓度0．5～5．0μg/kg范围内，平均添加回收率在66．4％～82．4％，相对标准偏差（批内）（CV）在3．5％～5．9％之间；批间（CV）在2．2％～4．8％之间。衍生物的峰面积与样品浓度在0．002～0．50mg／L范围内呈良好的线性关系，线性回归系数大于0．999。     

HPLC-ICP-MS测定中药中砷的形态

报道了高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱（HPLC—ICP-MS）联用技术测定中药中砷的形态，采用阴离子交换柱，以0．2mmol／L EDTA和2mmol／L NaH2PO4的溶液为流动相，pH6．0，流速为1．0mL／min，成功分离了亚砷酸（AsⅢ）、砷酸（AsV）、甲基砷（MMA）和二甲基砷（DMA）。检出限分别为0．67μg／L（AsⅢ），0．85μg／L（DMA），0．43μg／L（MMA），0．70μg／L（AsV）。中药样品经过（1＋1）甲醇和水的溶液超声提取，离心、过滤、氮气吹干甲醇，超纯水定容。样品加标平均萃取回收率分别为：92．8％（AsⅢ），108％（DMA），104％（MMA），101％（AsV），相对标准偏差（RsD，n=7）均小于10％。     

固相萃取-气相色谱法测定地下水中痕量酞酸酯的研究

本文建立了固相萃取-气相色谱法定量分析地下水中酞酸酯类（PAEs）有机污染物的方法。利用正交试验和单因素实验对影响回收率的4个主要因素（洗脱溶剂种类、水样体积、洗脱溶剂体积、固相萃取小柱填料量）进行了萃取条件的优化。综合考虑各方面因素后确定的最佳萃取条件为：二氯甲烷和丙酮为洗脱剂,体积8mL、0．5L水样、柱填料500mg。方法线性范围0．05～10．00μg／L,检出限0．05～0．341ng／L,相对标准偏差0．038％～1．107％。该方法应用于江汉平原地下水中PAEs测定,取得满意结果。     

反胶束萃取-高效液相色谱法测定磺酸型偶氮染料

建立了水中磺酸偶氮染料甲基橙（MO）、刚果红（CR）和酸性铬兰K（ACBK）的反胶束萃取-离子对高效液相色谱定量检测的方法。采用Hypersil C18柱（250×4．6mm,5μm）,流动相为V（甲醇）／V（水）=63：37（含10mmol／L的KH2PO4、4mmol／L的四丁基溴化铵,KOH调pH=7．0）,流速为0.8mL／min,MO、CR和ACBK检测波长分别为449nm、505nm和526nm。结果表明,染料的回收率为92．9％～102．1％,相对标准偏差为0．9％～2．3％,水中MO、CR和ACBK的检出限分别为0．6μg／L、1．2μg／L和1．3μg／L。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定水中BPA、NP和OP含量

采用国产新型D4020大孔吸附树脂自制固相萃取柱,研究了柱长、上样速度、样品溶液的pH、盐浓度等因素对壬基酚、辛基酚和双酚A吸附率的影响,确定了最佳固相萃取条件,建立了固相萃取-高效液相色谱测定水中痕量壬基酚、辛基酚和双酚A的分析方法.该法双酚A、壬基酚和辛基酚的检出限分别为0.432 μg/L、0.998 μg/L和1.336 μg/L,回收率为91%～96%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.5%～5.6%.方法简便快速、成本低廉,灵敏度高,准确度好,用于实际水样分析,取得满意结果.     

尼龙6纳米纤维膜固相膜萃取-高效液相色谱法测定塑料瓶装矿泉水中双酚A

采用静电纺丝法制备尼龙6纳米纤维膜,结合固相膜萃取-高效液相色谱法测定了矿泉水中的双酚A。对洗脱溶剂及其体积、进样速度、样品体积、样品pH值、尼龙6纳米纤维膜的用量、及其活化方式和使用次数等影响因素进行了研究。结果表明:10mL样品调至pH8.0后,以3mL/min流速通过1.5mg尼龙6纳米纤维膜,300μL甲醇即可将膜上吸附的双酚A完全洗脱,每张膜至少可重复使用6次。在此最优化条件下,方法的线性范围为0.20～20.0μg/L;检出限为0.15μg/L,膜内和膜间的相对标准偏差均小于4.5%(n=6)。本方法应用于6种不同品牌的矿泉水中双酚A的分析测定,在1.0μg/L加标水平下,测得回收率为95.0%,双酚A测得浓度低于0.30μg/L。与固相萃取方法相比,本方法高效、环保,表明尼龙6纳米纤维膜是极具潜力的萃取介质     

2-(2-喹啉偶氮)-5-二乙氨基苯甲酸固相萃取光度法测定环境水样中的镍

用2－（2－喹啉偶氮）－5－二乙氨基苯甲酸（QADEAB）与镍的显色反应及Waters Porapak^R Sep-Park固术萃取小柱对显色络合物的固相萃取，建立了测定水样中μg/L级镍的新方法。水样中的镍在pH=8.0的硼酸－磷酸二氢钾缓冲介质中和Tween 80存在下与QADEAB反应生成2：1稳定有色络合物，该络合物可用Waters Porapak^R Sep-Park固相萃取小柱富集，用乙醇洗脱后用光度法测定，可测定水样中μg/L级的镍。方法用于几种环境水样分析，结果令人满意。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.