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1.
微波辅助萃取/样品前处理联用技术的研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
微波辅助萃取是近年来新发展的一种样品前处理技术,随着微波辅助萃取的发展和成熟,它与其它样品前处理技术的联用得到了迅速发展。与传统前处理方法相比,这些联用方法具有快速、高效、操作简便、节省溶剂、选择性好、应用范围广的特点。该文综述了微波辅助萃取及其与其它样品前处理技术联用的特点及适用性,并对近年来微波辅助萃取与其它前处理方法联用的发展概况及在分析领域中的应用情况进行了详细总结。  相似文献   

2.
微波辅助萃取技术的进展   总被引:44,自引:0,他引:44  
李核  李攻科  张展霞 《分析化学》2003,31(10):1261-1268
介绍了微波辅助萃取技术的特点和装置,综述了近年来微波辅助萃取技术在环境分析和药物提取中的应用,并展望了微波辅助萃取技术的应用前景和发展方向。引用文献74篇。  相似文献   

3.
微波辅助萃取应用研究进展   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
近年来关于微波辅助萃取(MAE)与其他各种样品前处理技术的结合使用,以及与多种检测技术在线联用的研究越来越多,此外离子液体等新型绿色溶剂作为萃取剂在MAE中的应用也开始得到广泛关注.本文综述了近几年微波辅助萃取在环境、天然产物提取、食品和药物分析领域的应用情况,并对其将来的发展进行了展望.  相似文献   

4.
微波辅助萃取及其联用技术在有机污染物分析中的应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
微波萃取已经发展成为一种常用的快速、高效、污染小的样品的前处理技术。结合有机污染物的气相色谱测定方法,对近年微波萃取技术的研究进展进行了总结,并指出微波与固相微萃取、微固相萃取、顶空萃取、膜分离方法、蒸汽蒸馏萃取、微波催化和消解等方法的联用技术将是微波萃取的重要发展方向。  相似文献   

5.
中草药化学成分提取新技术   总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14  
介绍五种提取新技术棗微波萃取技术、超临界二氧化碳萃取技术、超声波提取技术、半仿生提取技术和酶法的原理和特点,以及这些新技术近年来在中草药化学成分提取工艺中的研究应用现状,并展望了它们的应用前景。  相似文献   

6.
密闭微波辅助萃取天麻中天麻素的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
应用密闭微波萃取装置,对中药天麻中有效成分天麻素的萃取进行了研究。分别讨论了药材颗粒粒径、提取溶剂浓度、微波提取时间和提取剂的用量对微波萃取天麻素的影响。结果表明:当药材粒径<50μm,乙醇体积分数为50%,微波辐射时间为2min,提取剂质量为药材质量的30倍时,天麻素提取率最高。此外,将微波萃取与索氏萃取和超声波萃取进行了比较。  相似文献   

7.
微波萃取土壤中PAHs的研究   总被引:33,自引:0,他引:33  
研究了MK-1型光纤压力自控微波溶样系统用于微波萃取的可行性,以合成土样为对象,比较系统地研究了微波萃取PAHs的条件,萃取效率以及溶剂,水分,土壤基体物质等因素的影响。在微波作用下丙酸-正己烷和二氯甲烷对PAHs的萃取能力相近;试样中小于205的水分使丙酮-正己烷的萃取能力提高,而水分高于5%则使二氯甲烷的萃取能力略有降低。  相似文献   

8.
微波萃取高效液相色谱法测定口红中芳香胺类化合物   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
利用微波萃取高效液相色谱法测定了口红中芳香胺类化合物.先将口红涂于玻璃片上,然后用微波萃取和高效液相色谱法测定萃取液中的芳香胺类化合物.研究了3种市售口红并得到了芳香胺类化合物的定量测定结果.考察了微波萃取的条件,并将薄层色谱等萃取分离方法和微波萃取法进行了比较,证明微波萃取法在萃取膏状物和蜡状物中的组分时,具有比其它方法更加方便、快速等优点.  相似文献   

9.
杨云  栾伟  罗学军  李攻科 《分析化学》2004,32(6):775-778
研究了微波辅助萃取-固相微萃取联用、气相色谱-质谱联用测定土壤中除草剂扑草净的分析方法。采用正交设计实验优化了萃取溶剂种类和体积、微波辐射时间和微波功率等微波辅助萃取条件;研究了SPME萃取涂层、搅拌速度、萃取时间和解吸时间等对萃取效率的影响。方法的检出限为0.01ng/g;线性范围为0.2—200μg/L。在优化的条件下测定了5和50ng/g的合成土壤样品,回收率分别为90.1%和91.6%;相对标准偏差分别为9.4%和8.8%(n=6)。本法综合了微波辅助萃取和固相微萃取的优点,操作简便.灵敏度高,特别适合于固体样品中痕量有机物的萃取分离。  相似文献   

10.
建立了微波辅助萃取-固相微萃取-气相色谱/电子捕获检测法快速测定茶叶中三氯杀螨醇的方法。采用自制的PDMS萃取头,优化了萃取溶剂的种类,微波辐射时间和微波功率等微波辅助萃取条件;研究了SPME萃取时间、搅拌速度、离子强度、解吸温度和解吸时间对萃取效率的影响。方法对三氯杀螨醇的检出限为0.048 ng/mL,线性范围为0.2~200 ng/mL。在优化的实验条件下,对乌龙茶进行添加回收试验,平均回收率为61.3%~72.8%,相对标准偏差为8.0%~16.3%。本方法适合于茶叶中痕量三氯杀螨醇快速检测。  相似文献   

11.
改进的微波辅助无溶剂法提取薄荷和陈皮中的挥发油组分   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
An improved solvent free microwave extraction, in which a kind of microwave absorption medium (carbonyl iron powder) was used, was applied to the extraction of essential oil from dried menthol mint and orange peel without addition of any solvent and pretreatment. It took much less time of extraction (30 min) than microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (90 min) and conventional hydrodistillation (180 min). The kinds of chemical compositions in essential oil extracted by different methods were almost the same and such improved solvent free microwave extraction can be a feasible way in extraction of essential oil from dried plant materials.  相似文献   

12.
用微波辅助皂化GC-MS法测定血清中的胆固醇   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
研究了微波辅助皂化-气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)测定血清中胆固醇的分析方法。用0.4mol/LKOH-甲醇溶液为皂化液,在600W微波功率下接受辐射30s皂化血清样品,选正庚烷为提取液。通过与水浴皂化法、酶学分光光度法比较,表明该法快速、溶剂用量少、准确、重现性好,方法的检出限为0.011mg,特别适用于生物、食品、体液等大量样品中胆固醇的测定,可快速为临床医学及生物工程等提供诊断数据。  相似文献   

13.
A new method, non-polar solvent microwave-assisted extraction (NPSMAE), was applied to the extraction of essential oil from Zingiber officinale Rosc. in closed-vessel system. By adding microwave absorption mediumcarbonyl iron powders (CIP) into extraction system, the essential oil was extracted by the non-polar solvent (ether) which can be heated by CIP. The constituents of essential oil obtained by NPSMAE were comparable with those obtained by hydrodistillation (HD) by GC-MS analysis, which indicates that NPSMAE is a feasible way to extract essential oil from dried plant materials. The NPSMAE took much less extraction time (5 min) than HD (180 min), and its extraction efficiency was much higher than that of conventional polar solvent microwave-assisted extraction (PSMAE) and mixed solvent microwave-assisted extraction (MSMAE). It can be a good alternative for the extraction of volatile constituents from dried plant samples.  相似文献   

14.
微波辅助提取(MAE)研究进展   总被引:37,自引:0,他引:37  
在过去的十几年来,微波能已广泛应用于食品加工、农业,林业,轻工业,医疗卫生,橡胶和塑料的固化,陶瓷烧结,提取冶金,有机合成,生物样品水解,微波辅助提取等领域。特别是微波辅助提取技术近年来发展较快,引起化学工作者的极大兴趣。本文初步探讨了微波加热的机理,特点及近十年来微波辅助提取研究和应用的进展,并展望了微波辅助提取的发展前景。  相似文献   

15.
An optimized microwave‐assisted extraction (MAE) method and an efficient HPLC analysis method were developed for fast extraction and simultaneous determination of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid in the fruit of Chaenomeles sinensis. The open vessel MAE process was optimized by using a central composite experimental design. The optimal conditions identified were microwave power 600 W, temperature 52°C, solvent to material ratio 32 mL/g and extraction time 7 min. The results showed that MAE is a more rapid extraction method with higher yield and lower solvent consumption. The HPLC–photodiode array detection analysis method was validated to have good linearity, precision, reproduction and accuracy. Compared with conventional extraction and analysis methods, MAE–HPLC–photodiode array detection is a faster, convenient and appropriate method for determination of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid in the fruits of C. sinensis.  相似文献   

16.
Influence of extraction methods on stability of flavonoids   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
The LC-MS/MS was applied for the determination of flavonoids' stability under four types of solvent extraction methods (reflux heating, sonication, maceration and microwave) from maize samples. The 11 flavonoids belong to different groups: flavonols (kaempferol, myricetin, rhamnetin, quercetin, rutin), flavanones (naringenin, naringin, hesperedin), flavones (apigenin, luteolin), isoflavones (genistein) were studied. The effect of the degradation of flavonoids depended on extraction mode and chemical structure. The smallest decomposition was observed by heated reflux extraction procedure within 30 min in water bath and by microwave assisted extraction under 160 W during 1 min. The decomposition for flavonoids depends on number of substituents in flavonoid molecule. The most unstable compound (recovery below 50%) in tested condition was myricetin. The higher number of hydroxyl groups promote degradation of flavonoids, whereas sugar moiety and methoxyl groups protect flavonoids of degradation during microwave and ultrasonic assisted extraction.  相似文献   

17.
Essential oil of Salvia mirzayanii cultivated in Iran was obtained by microwave assisted extraction (MAE) procedures. The essential oil was analysed by capillary gas chromatography using flame ionisation and mass spectrometric detections. The effects of different parameters, such as microwave power, temperature, time and type of solvent on the MAE of Salvia mirzayanii oil were investigated. Results of the two-level fractional factorial design (2(4-1)) based on an analysis of variance demonstrated that only the power, temperature and type of solvent were statistically significant. Optimal conditions for the extraction of essential oils were obtained by using Box-Behnken design. For optimum recovery of essential oil the variables power, temperature and solvent values were 115?W, 50°C and 14?s, respectively. Under the optimised experimental conditions, the extraction yield of microwave assisted extraction was 11.2% (w/w).  相似文献   

18.
A comparison of four extraction techniques used for the isolation of 14 explosive compounds (Method 8330-Explosives) from spiked soil samples is described. Soxhlet warm extraction (SWE), pressurized solvent extraction (PSE), microwave assisted extraction (MAE) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) were included. The effects of basic extraction conditions – i.e. type of extraction solvent, temperature, pressure, and extraction time – were investigated. The best extraction recovery of the monitored compounds from spiked soil was obtained using pressurized solvent extraction. Recoveries of explosives using the PSE technique were in the range from 65 to 112%. Extraction recoveries by Soxhlet warm extraction and supercritical fluid extraction reached 65–99% and 52–75%, respectively. The lowest extraction recoveries (28–65%) were obtained using microwave assisted extraction. A very low extraction recovery for tetryl was observed in all cases but the best results were achieved by pressurized solvent extraction (58%).  相似文献   

19.
ABSTRACT

Mucuna pruriens is a plant of Fabaceae family. Seed of M. pruriens is considered as a rich source of levo-3,4 dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA), a non-protein phenolic amino acid. In the present study, three different extraction methods were compared for extract yield, concentration of bioactive compounds such as total phenol, L-DOPA and antioxidant capacity. Extracts were prepared using water acidified with hydrochloric acid (0.1?N) by conventional method of refluxing as well as two green methods namely ultrasound and microwave assisted solvent extraction. A rapid and qualified high-performance liquid chromatography method was also developed for quantification of L-DOPA in different extracts. Among the three extraction methods, microwave assisted extraction provided the best results for yield and quality of M. pruriens extract in much shorter time in comparison to refluxing method of extraction.  相似文献   

20.
An optimized microwave‐assisted extraction (MAE) method and RP‐HPLC method were developed for the simultaneous extraction and determination of rutin, forsythiaside A, and phillyrin in the fruits of Forsythia suspensa. The key parameters of the open‐vessel MAE process were optimized. A mixed solvent of methanol and water (70:30, v/v) was most suitable for the simultaneous extraction of the three components. The sample was soaked for 10 min before extraction. The optimized conditions were: microwave power 400 W, temperature 70°C, solvent‐to‐material ratio 30 mL/g, and extraction time 1 min. Compared to conventional extraction methods, the proposed method can simultaneously extract the three components in high yields and was proved to be a more rapid method with a lower solvent consumption. The optimized HPLC–photodiode array detection analysis was validated to have good linearity, precision, accuracy, and sensitivity. The developed MAE followed by RP‐HPLC is a fast and appropriate method for the simultaneous extraction and determination of rutin, forsythiaside A, and phillyrin in the fruits of F. suspensa.  相似文献   

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