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1.
利用阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)与溶剂异辛烷和助溶剂正辛醇形成反胶束体系,用于苦参生物碱的萃取分离。研究了pH值、表面活性剂浓度、增溶水量W0、盐种类及浓度等因素对萃取的影响。结果表明:SDBS-异辛烷-正辛醇反胶束体系对苦参生物碱具有良好的选择性和较高萃取率,在pH 5.0,增溶水量W0 25,0.05 mol/L SDBS,0.05 mol/L KCl,室温,萃取时间5 min,反萃取时间20 min的最佳萃取条件下,氧化苦参碱、氧化槐果碱、槐定碱、苦参碱、槐果碱5种生物碱及总生物碱的萃取率和RSD分别在74.1%~87.2%和0.63%~3.0%之间。本方法选择性高,操作简便。  相似文献   

2.
李晓辉  陈红梅  周小华  苏昱  王永红 《应用化学》2011,28(11):1311-1316
利用二-(2-乙基己基)磷酸(P204)/正辛醇反胶束从枳实粗提物中萃取L-辛弗林。 研究了萃取机理和水相pH值、含水量W0、阳离子浓度、萃取时间以及P204浓度对L-辛弗林萃取率的影响。 通过原子力显微镜观察了P204/正辛醇反胶束;萃取L-辛弗林的最佳条件为:萃取原料液水相pH=6.5,含水量W0=15、P204浓度为0.08 mol/L,在此条件下萃取15 min,对L-辛弗林的单次萃取率为68.0%。 基于萃取率建立的数学模型可反映pH值、P204浓度与萃取率的关系,在一定pH值及P204浓度区间可预测萃取率的变化趋势。  相似文献   

3.
核糖核酸酶在DAB-环已烷反胶束溶液中的活性   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
表面活性剂在有机溶剂中形成的反胶束可以增溶大量的水分子,很多水溶性的物质又可溶解在反胶束的核心水团当中,这些都已是不争的事实[1].酶在反胶束中的溶解对蛋白质的萃取分离,生物合成等方面有着十分广阔的应用前景,已引起了广泛的注意,文献逐年增加[2-4].核糖核酸酶A(RNaseA)分子量较小,性质稳定,活性的测定简便易行,很适于作为反胶束-酶体系的研究对象,但大部分研究集中在阴离子表面活性剂AerosolT(AOT)的反胶束体系上,而对其它表面活性剂反胶束-酶体系的研究很少[5,6].Papadimitriou等曾发现.糜蛋白酶…  相似文献   

4.
CTAB-己醇-辛烷体系分离纯化醇脱氢酶的反萃研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
本文报道了用反胶束体系萃取醇脱氢酶(ADH)的研究结果。在此萃取体系中,以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)作为表面活性剂,辛烷和己醇作为溶剂和助溶剂。考察了表面活性剂及助溶剂浓度,水相pH值对ADH萃取的影响。详细讨论了离子强度、异丙醇浓度和振荡时间对ADH反萃的影响。确定了最佳反向萃取条件。  相似文献   

5.
AEOT反胶束中脂肪酶的催化活性   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
反胶束已广泛应用于膜模拟化学和蛋白质的液 液萃取中[1~ 3] ,反胶束酶反应作为实现有机相酶催化的方法之一 ,具有许多独特的优点 ,反胶束独特的结构特征使表面活性剂分子组成的膜将油水相隔开 ,从而有利于保持酶的活性和稳定性。酶在反胶束的微水环境中比在水溶液中更接近天然的细胞内环境 ,在这里酶和底物分子均可得到有效的分散 ,接触几率大大提高 ,因而催化效率也得到很大提高。反胶束可以适用于各种类型的 (亲水的、疏水的和双亲的 )底物[4] ,已逐步形成“胶束酶学”的研究分支 ,研究胶束酶学的Martinek等[3] 曾预言 :反胶束体系有可…  相似文献   

6.
反胶束萃取醇脱氢酶的研究   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
本文报道了用反胶束体系萃取醇脱氢酶(ADH)的研究结果。在此萃取体系中,以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)作为表面活性剂,辛烷和己醇作为溶剂及助溶剂。考察了振荡时间、水相pH值和离子强度、表面活性剂及助溶剂浓度等因素对醇脱氢酶萃取率的影响,确定了最佳萃取条件。  相似文献   

7.
在苦味酸盐体系中,用苯并15-冠-5的二氯甲烷溶液可富集萃取Eu^3+;若用0.5mol/L的HNO3溶液反萃取,在反萃取相中仍含有苦味酸根和冠醚;而用隔膜电学反萃取法能有效地将Eu^3+与冠醚和苦味酸根分离,其分离效率达84.8%。  相似文献   

8.
合成了适于反胶束法提取蛋白质的磷酸酯表面活性剂-二油酸乙二醇单酯基磷酸酯钠(DEOPA);以氢核磁共振谱和红外光谱表征了其结构;测定了其临界胶束浓度(cmc)、亲水亲油平衡值(HLB值)及对水的增溶作用等表面化学性质;考察了DEOPA/异辛烷反胶束体系提取蛋白质的性能。结果表明,DEOPA具有较高的表面活性,适合于构建反胶束体系,并可用于提取大分子量的蛋白质。  相似文献   

9.
反胶束是两亲分子在非极性溶剂中形成的一种有序组合体,在医药、化工、采油、胶束催化及酶催化等领域中有重要应用.与胶束溶液相比,人们对反胶束的形成与结构的了解至今仍不充分.特别是对于由混合表面活性剂形成的反胶束的研究几乎无人涉及.本文采用动态光散射、电导及荧光光谱等手段对阴离子表面活性剂AOT与非离子表面活性剂形成的混合反胶束进行了研究,旨在探讨利用表面活性剂的复配来调节和控制反胶束的结构和性能.亚实验部分二异辛基磺化琉璃酸钠(AOT,Sigma公司);Brij30为含4个氧乙烯基(EO基)的十二碳醇(AcrosOrgani…  相似文献   

10.
建立了同时测定尿样中反,反-粘康酸、马尿酸、苯乙醇酸、苯乙醛酸、对氨基酚和对硝基酚的高效液相色谱法(HPLC).优化了色谱分离及检测条件,并采用时间程序波长检测.确定了最佳样品预处理条件:以5 mL二氯甲烷-异丙醇(7∶3)为萃取溶剂;样品用量5 mL;NaCI加入量0.75 g;萃取时间2 min,分别在酸性和中性条...  相似文献   

11.
The formation of reversed micellar systems composed of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and fatty acid was newly demonstrated by a significant increase in water content in the organic ethyl oleate phase when the micelles were prepared by the contact method. The solubilized water concentration in the reversed micellar organic phase reached 3 wt%. The new systems are expected to be used as highly biocompatible reversed micellar systems. The structure of the reversed micelles composed of PC and oleic acid was characterized by determining the water concentration and by small-angle X-ray scattering analysis. The reversed micelles composed of PC and oleic acid formed in ethyl oleate were spherical. The radius of gyration was between 30 and 50 Å. The size of the reversed micelles decreased with an increase in the oleic acid concentration and was independent of the PC concentration. Experimental results indicated that the structure of the reversed micellar system was determined by the oleic acid concentration. An increase in the PC concentration caused an increase in the number of reversed micelles of the same size. These reversed micellar systems are expected to be used as solubilization media in pharmaceutical and food industries because they are not toxic.  相似文献   

12.
13.
A micellar electrokinetic chromatography method was developed to simultaneously analyse commonly used food additives. The additive mixture, comprising propyl gallate, octyl gallate, dodecyl gallate, butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene, tertiary butylhydroquinone, p-hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester, p-hydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester, benzoic acid, sorbic acid, saccharin, aspartame and acesulfame-K, was not resolved using single surfactant micellar systems consisting of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium cholate (SC) or sodium deoxycholate (SDC). The separation of these additives using mixed micellar systems, involving SDS/SC, SDS/SDC and SC/SDC, was investigated. Organic solvents were added to the mixed micellar phases to optimise the separation. The mixture was successfully separated using a 20 mM borate buffer with 35 mM SC, 15 mM SDS and 10% methanol added at pH 9.3. Additives in cola beverages and low-joule jam were investigated and quantified using this method.  相似文献   

14.
Reverse micellar extraction of lysozyme has been carried out using an organic solution containing a mixture of monoester and polyester of sucrose fatty acid ester. The forward extraction of lysozyme from the feed aqueous phase to the reverse micellar organic phase of the mixture of monoester and polyester of sucrose fatty acid ester at pH 7.2 was strongly dependent upon the weight fraction of monoester, while any amount of lysozyme was not extracted only by using monoester or polyester. The forward extraction ratio dramatically increased with an increase in the concentration of fatty acid ester, and was high around neutral pH and at low ionic strength. The backward extraction of lysozyme from the reverse micellar organic phase to the recovery aqueous phase exhibited high efficiency at acidic pH value or at high ionic strength. The addition of sucrose into the recovery aqueous phase promoted the backward extraction ratio, and caused the activity of lysozyme recovered from the reverse micellar phase to be retained perfectly.  相似文献   

15.
A capillary electrophoresis (CE) method has been developed for simple and direct separation of cis- and trans-12,13-epoxy-9(Z)-octadecenoic acid and 9,10-epoxy-12(Z)-octadecenoic acid isomers. Separation was performed in micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MEKC) using a buffer consisting of 25 mM borate (pH 9.20), 10 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and 10% v/v acetonitrile. The key variables, concentrations of SDS and organic modifier, were optimized by the application of a factorial experimental design. The use of a low micellar concentration, just above critical micelle concentration (CMC), in a background electrolyte containing an organic modifier not only made it possible to dissolve and separate highly hydrophobic fatty acid isomers, but also resulted in improved separation efficiency and selectivity. Separation efficiency up to 4 x 10(5) theoretical plates/m was achieved under an optimized condition. Also investigated were the influence of temperature on separation and the effect of organic modifier concentration on the dynamic exchange of the analytes between micelles and the bulk of the buffer solution. Direct UV was applied for detection of the fatty acids.  相似文献   

16.
The possibility of humic acids acting as micellar phase in micellar electrokinetic chromatography was evaluated. We investigated the separation of naphthalene in capillary electrophoresis using various samples of humic acids as micellar phase under different pH conditions, concentrations of humic acid, and temperature. The humic acid samples studied were from different origins including peat, vermicompost and a commercial sample acquired from Aldrich. Methanol was used as a marker for the electroosmotic flow. The results indicate that the formation of micelle depends on the number and nature of the hydrophobic association sites in an aqueous humic acid solution and on the origin and concentration of the humic acid at a defined pH. At lower pH values, the possibility of the humic acid molecule forming pseudomicelles increases due to a combination of neutralized and dissociated charged sites.  相似文献   

17.
探讨了十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB),十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)和TritonX-1003种胶束对酸套指示剂百里香酚蓝和溴百里香酚蓝离解反庆的离解常数的影响,进行了研究了以上3种胶束对指示剂变色点的变以范围的影响,实验结果表明,选择适当的胶束溶液作为滴定介质,不仅可以扩大酸碱指示剂的应用范围,而且还大大提高了测量的准确度.  相似文献   

18.
The analytical procedure for the separation and quantification of bulk and micellar phases for sodium alkyl sulfates has been investigated by a capillary-type isotachophoresis using a potential gradient detector. Monomer solutions were distinguished from micellar solutions at pH 5.5–6.0; hydrochloric acid — L-Histidine mixture was used as the leading electrolyte and 2-(N-Morpholino) ethanesulfonic acid as the terminating electrolyte.The potential unit value (PU value) due to the monomer solutions was larger than that due to the micellar solutions. The zone length due to monomer solutions increased with increasing concentration of surfactant until a given concentration (CMC); beyond this point the values became constant. On the other hand, the zone length due to micellar solutions increased from this point. We report an applicability of capillary-type isotachophoresis to determination of the CMC's and aggregation number for various sodium alkyl sulfates.  相似文献   

19.
Block copolymers, when dissolved in a selective solvent, form spherical micelles. These micelles can selectively solubilize organic molecules otherwise insoluble in the pure solvent. In this study, we report solubilization of organic molecules by styrene-methacrylic acid block copolymer micelles in aqueous buffers. A light scattering technique was developed to determine the extent of micellar solubilization. Our results indicate that the extent of micellar solubilization depends on the chemical nature of organic molecules, specifically, on the interactions between the organic compound and polystyrene. A thermodynamic model has been developed to describe micellar solubilization. The theoretical calculation agrees reasonably well with the experimental results for two micellar samples examined. ©1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.  相似文献   

20.
A novel pH-switchable wormlike micellar system was prepared by mixing N-erucamidopropyl-N,N-dimethylamine and maleic acid with molar ratio of 2 : 1. The viscosity of the micellar solution is switchable via tuning the pH through the addition of minor acid or base. Such a system possesses the characteristics of a facile, rapid, cost-effective reversible process and recyclable cheaper materials.  相似文献   

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