钼催化剂上甲醇直接气相羰基化活性与吸附的关系

 制备了一系列非负载的钼催化剂，考察了催化剂上甲醇直接气相\r\n羰化活性与反应物及产物吸附的关系．结果发现，催化剂的制备方法对\r\n甲醇直接气相羰化活性的影响很明显，以纯二硫化钼试剂制备的催化剂\r\n，甲醇转化率与羰化产物乙酸甲酯的选择性最低；以三氧化钼气相还原\r\n硫化制备的催化剂，其羰化活性较低；以钼酸铵溶液经硫化铵溶液或硫\r\n化氢气体硫化制得的催化剂，其性能明显优于前两种，尤以钼酸铵经硫\r\n化铵溶液硫化制得的催化剂的性能最佳．催化剂的羰化活性明显依赖于\r\n催化剂的吸附性能，羰化活性高的催化剂不仅吸附CO的量大，而且对甲\r\n醇和乙酸甲酯的吸附量也明显较大．     

硝基苯还原羰化反应制备氨基甲酸酯选择性的研究

在硝基苯还原羰化反应和还原反应的竞争中，使用高分了载体，加人第二金属 组分，升高反应温度有利于还原羰化反应的进行．并且实现了利用双金属效应，在 不含有机配体的体系中高选择性地进行硝基苯还原羰化反应．     

在一种新的Mo/C催化剂上甲醇直接常压气相羰基化

在没有 CH3I促进下 ,新发现的硫化 Mo/C催化剂对甲醇气相羰化生成醋酸甲酯有高的活性和选择性。室验发现生成羰化产物的最佳温度为 5 73K,醋酸甲酯的时空收率达到 4.33mol/kgcat.h。     

Raney—Ni诱导下氯化钴羰化合成Co2（CO）8的研究

采用Ｒａｎｅｙ－Ｎｉ为活化剂，在３０－５０℃，０．１ＭＰａ条件下，由ＣｏＣｌ２／ＣＯ／ＣＨ２ＯＨ体系可快速高效地合成Ｃｏ２（ＣＯ）８，２．５ｈ内，氯化钴转化率可达９５％，在甲醇中保存了３－５ｄ的Ｒ－Ｎｉ仍有较高活性，经脱氢处理后的Ｒ－Ｎｉ仍对羰化反应有很好促进作用，说明Ｒ－Ｎｉ促进氯化钴转化为羰基钴，主要是由于超细Ｒ－Ｎｉ粉的作用，而不是Ｒ－Ｎｉ吸附氯的还原作用，合成产物经２５％ＮａＯＨ处理，转变     

担载液相催化剂的研究Ⅶ．乙烯羰化制丙醛的宏观动力学

担载液相催化剂的研究Ⅶ．乙烯羰化制丙醛的宏观动力学①胡斌孙懿张红平刘省明殷元骐②（中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所，兰州７３００００）关键词羰基化乙烯丙醛固定化催化剂动力学丙醛的生产方法有多种，工业上主要应用羰基合成法．在５０年代以前，以羰基钴作催化剂，...     

甲醇直接气相羰基化反应动力学

甲醇直接气相羰基化研究 ,是在无任何促进剂下 ,ＣＯ与甲醇直接进行羰基化反应 ,这与目前公认的甲醇必须有碘化物作用下构成催化循环的间接羰化不同 ,在催化理论上有可能提出新的羰基化机理。彭峰等在甲醇直接气相羰基化方面 ,对具有高活性与选择性的非铑非卤素Ｍｏ Ｃ催化剂体系进行了系列研究 ,并取得了较好的实验结果[1～ 5] 。有碘甲烷参与的甲醇羰基化液相或者气相反应 ,大多数文献认为控制步骤是碘化物中Ｃ -Ｉ键的解离及ＣＯ的插入 ,羰基化反应是由一系列平行和连串反应组成的[6～ 8] 。催化剂类型不同得到的动力学参数也不相同 ,难…     

甲醇多相羰化制甲酸甲酯新催化体系的研究

甲酸甲酯（MF）是用途广泛的低沸点溶剂和基本有机合成的重要中间体，近年来又逐渐发展为动力燃料的添加剂[1]．迄今MF主要由甲醇液相羰化法生产[2]，但该法存在时空收率低，催化剂与产物需进行分离，反应不能连续进行等弊端[3]。文献[4]曾报道过一种可用于多相体系的阴离子强碱交换树脂，但其催化活性太低，尚看不出有太大的实用价值．本文开发了一种负载型强碱液膜催化剂，在固定床连续流动反应器中首次实现了甲醇多相催化羰化制甲酸甲酯，其催化活性及时空产率明显优于均相催化体系[5]．1实验部分催化剂由碱金属醇化物、液膜相溶剂（甲…     

甲醇氧化羰化反应中含氮配体助催化剂的空间及电子效应

甲醇氧化羰化反应中含氮配体助催化剂的空间及电子效应;含氮配体;空间结构;电子效应;氧化羰化;甲醇     

PROMOTERS IN THE CATALYST SYSTEM FOR METHANOL CARBONYLATION TO METHYL FORMATE

在一个机械搅拌式反应器中，在反应温度为６０～９０℃，压力为３～６ＭＰａ条件下试验了几种不同类型的化合物作为甲醇催化羰化合成甲酸甲酯碱金属醇碱催化剂的助催化剂。结果发现，在甲醇羰化制甲酸甲酯反应中，是助催化剂的极性而不是碱性起着重要的作用。同时证明，强极性非质子型化合物对该羰化反应具有良好的助催效果，乙腈则是一个例外。     

甲醇直接气相羰基化Mo／C催化剂

为了“优化燃料资源，创建能源化工体系”，开展甲醇下游产品的研究是当今燃料化工的重要内容之一。７０年代初美国Ｍｏｎｓａｎｔｏ开发的Ｒｈ－Ⅰ催化体系使甲醇液相羰基化制醋酸大规模工业化，由于该体系采用昂贵紧缺的金属铑，催化剂需精心回收；并且由于需要大量碘化...     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.