α-萘基丁二亚胺氯化镍/MAO制备双(宽)峰聚乙烯

合成了一种新型α 二亚胺镍配合物———α 萘基丁二亚胺氯化镍 ,此配合物作为催化剂在MAO的活化下催化乙烯聚合得到支化聚乙烯 ,聚合活性高达 7 18× 10 5gPE molNi·h ,1 3C NMR、FTIR测试结果表明制备的聚乙烯含有末端双键 ;GPC结果表明所制备的聚乙烯分子量呈双 (宽 )峰分布 ,其原因有两个 ,一是此催化剂能产生分子量较低的α 烯烃 ,在聚合过程中一部分α 烯烃会“就地”与乙烯原位共聚形成分子量较高的聚合物 ,二是此催化剂存在立体异构体 ,而不同异构体在MAO活化下形成的活性中心的配位环境不同 ,因而得到的聚乙烯的分子量也不同 .研究了聚合温度、聚合压力、铝镍摩尔比 (nAl nNi)对催化活性、聚乙烯分子量、支化度的影响 .聚乙烯的分子量随聚合温度的升高而下降 ,支化度增大 ,熔点则降低 .     

α-二亚胺镍复式催化剂/MAO制备高支化的长支链聚乙烯

研究了由两种α-二亚胺镍催化剂[Cat1:α-萘基-丁二亚胺二溴化镍,Cat2:2,6-二异丙基苯基苊二亚胺二溴化镍]组成的复式镍催化剂在MAO活化下催化单一乙烯聚合.可制备得到支化度高达上百个支链(每1000个碳),长支链的比例占到30%左右的聚乙烯.13C-NMR、GPC、DSC、WAXD、DMA结果表明此复式催化剂催化乙烯聚合可得到分子量较高、分子量分布较窄的长支链聚乙烯弹性体.在合适的条件下,此复式催化体系还具有促进提高催化活性的良好协同作用,其聚合活性比两种单一催化剂都高(4·6×105g PE/mol Ni·h).     

α-二亚胺镍(Ⅱ)配合物-TiCl4复合催化剂催化乙烯原位聚合制备支化聚乙烯

制备了α-二亚胺镍()配合物[C6H5—NC(CH3)—C(CH3)N—C6H5]NiBr2(NiL)-TiCl4负载在MgCl2-SiO2载体上的复合催化剂(NiL-TiCl4/MgCl2-SiO2),以AlR3为助催化剂(不用MAO)催化乙烯聚合.研究了NiL和TiCl4负载方法、NiL/TiCl4摩尔比、助催化剂种类及聚合反应温度等对催化剂性能的影响.用IR和13CNMR表征聚合产物支化度及支链结构;用GC-MS监测聚合反应.实验结果表明,NiL-TiCl4复合催化剂具有齐聚原位共聚特性,可催化乙烯原位聚合,合成支化聚乙烯.     

新型Cp'Ti(O-C_6H_4-X)_3茂钛催化剂的苯乙烯间规本体聚合研究

对位卤代的苯酚与五甲基茂三氯化钛在三乙胺存在下进行酯化反应 ,制得五甲基茂基三 (对 卤代苯氧基 )钛的 4种新型化合物Cp Ti(O C6 H4 X) 3(X =F ,Cl,Br,I) .用作主催化剂经甲基铝氧烷 (MAO)和三异丁基铝 (TIBA)活化 ,对苯乙烯间规聚合显示出极高的催化活性 ,催化剂热稳定性好 ,制得的聚苯乙烯间规度、分子量和熔点均高 ,在MAO TIBA Ti =4 0 0 2 0 0 1(摩尔比 ) ,温度 6 0℃时 ,10min催化效率可达 3 4 7× 10 6gPS mol·Ti,MAO TIBA Ti=4 0 0 2 0 0 1时茂钛化合物的催化活性几乎是MAO Ti=6 0 0时的 10倍以上 ;4种茂钛催化剂的活性次序Cp Ti(O C6 H4 F) 3 >Cp Ti(O C6 H4 Cl) 3 >Cp Ti(O C6 H4 Br) 3 >Cp Ti(O C6 H4 I) 3 .     

新型Ti-Co复合负载化催化剂制备支化聚乙烯

以反应法制备了TiCl4、乙酰丙酮改性的TiCl4和Co(acac) 2 为主催化剂 ,SiO2 MgCl2 为载体的复合负载型催化剂 (TiCl4 CH3COCH2 COCH3 Co(acac) 2 SiO2 MgCl2 ) ,以烷基铝作为助催化剂 ,以单一乙烯单体制备了支化聚乙烯 .研究了复合催化剂的组成、烷基铝种类和聚合反应温度等对聚合反应和产物结构性能的影响 .探讨了聚合反应机理 .聚合产物经IR、1 3 C NMR谱分析 ,结果表明Ti Co复合催化剂具有低聚原位共聚功能 ,可制得含有丁基、戊基、己基等各类支链结构的支化聚乙烯 .     

MgCl_2/AlEt_n(OEt)_(3-n)负载单茂钛催化剂催化乙烯聚合研究

以MgCl2/AlEtn(OEt)3-n为载体,分别负载五甲基茂基三氯化钛(Cp*TiCl3)和五甲基茂基三苄氧基钛(Cp*Ti(OBz)3),得到两种负载催化剂,在较廉价的AlEt2Cl为助催化剂常压下可以高效地催化乙烯聚合.报道了载体的制备、聚合条件(不同的烷基铝助催化剂、聚合温度、铝钛摩尔比)对催化剂的聚合行为以及聚合物结构的影响.研究结果表明,两种负载催化体系对乙烯聚合具有较高的催化活性,可达105g PE/(molTi·h)数量级,所得聚乙烯的黏均分子量在105以上.经过13C-NMR和DSC分析,两种负载催化剂得到的均为线型聚乙烯.与均相催化剂相比,负载后的单茂钛催化体系的聚合反应动力学表现高效而平稳.这表明载体的微孔结构使活性中心得到了有效的分散,有效地提高了催化剂的活性,同时载体的受限空间有效抑制了聚乙烯增长链的β-H消除反应.     

双组分茂金属催化剂催化乙烯聚合的研究

选择能形成支链的不对称桥联茂金属化合物Me2 C[(Cp) (Ind) ]ZrCl2 和非桥联的不同结构的茂金属化合物二氯二 (烯基取代环戊二烯 )锆如 ( Cp) 2 ZrCl2 ,(Cp) 2 ZrCl2 和 (Cp) 2 ZrCl2 ,以MAO为助催化剂 ,分别组成三组双组分茂金属催化剂的催化体系 ,催化乙烯聚合 .结果表明 ,两类催化剂组成的双组分茂金属催化体系催化乙烯聚合能得到支化的宽分子量分布的聚乙烯 ;聚合温度和改变两种茂金属催化剂的摩尔比对催化活性和分子量有很大影响 .因此可以利用改变双组分茂金属催化剂的摩尔比例和聚合温度来调控聚合物的分子量和分子量分布 .改变两种茂金属催化剂的摩尔比和聚合温度也能使聚合物的结晶度发生改变     

三种不同碳桥联双核茂钛配合物的合成及催化乙烯聚合研究

合成了 3种不同结构的 Cn H2 n桥联双核茂钛配合物 ( CH3 ) 2 C[( C5H4) Ti Cl2 ( C5H5) ]2 ( 3 ) ,( CH2 ) n[( C5H4) Ti Cl2 ( C5H5) ]2 ( 6,n=3 ;7,n=4) ,并用 1H NMR进行了表征 .发现以甲苯为溶剂时 ,不仅提高了产率 ,而且有效地避免了副产物 Cp2 Ti Cl2 的生成 .研究了化合物 7/MAO(甲基铝氧烷 )催化乙烯聚合的反应 ,考察了反应条件对催化体系的影响 .结果表明 ,催化活性随着 n( Al) /n( Cat.)比的增大而提高 ,聚乙烯的分子量在 n( Al) /n( Cat.) =5 0 0和 5 0℃时达到最高值 9.0 1 0 2× 1 0 4;随着聚合时间的延长 ,催化活性下降 ,而产物分子量不断升高 ;随着温度的上升 ,5 0℃时催化活性和聚乙烯的分子量最高 ,分别为 2 .40 74×1 0 5g PE/( mol Ti· h)和 6.8679× 1 0 4.随着桥联双核茂钛配合物碳桥的增长 ,催化活性增加 ,所得聚乙烯的分子量降低 .     

α-二亚胺镍(Ⅱ)催化甲基丙烯酸甲酯聚合

以4种不同结构的α-二亚胺镍(Ⅱ)催化剂[(t-Bu)—N CH—CH N—(t-Bu)]NiBr2(C1),[C6H5—N C(Me)—C(Me)N—C6H5]NiBr2(C2),[(2,6-C6H3(Me)2)—N C(Me)—C·(Me)N—(2,6-C6H3(Me)2)]NiBr2(C3)和[(2,6-C6H3(i-Pr)2)—N C(An)—C(An)N—(2,6-C6H3(i-Pr)2)]NiBr2(An=acenaphthyl)(C4),在甲基铝氧烷(MAO)作用下,对甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)进行催化聚合.以C2为模型催化剂系统研究了Al/Ni摩尔比、单体浓度、聚合温度、聚合时间和反应溶剂对催化活性及聚合物分子量的影响.在较适合的聚合条件(催化剂用量为1.6μmol,Al/Ni摩尔比为800,MMA浓度为2.9 mol/L,甲苯为溶剂,聚合温度为60℃,聚合时间为4 h)下,讨论了催化剂结构对催化活性和聚合物分子量的影响.研究发现,催化剂C1~C3催化MMA聚合均得到富含间规结构的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA).催化剂结构中空间位阻增大导致催化活性降低,空间位阻最小的C1催化活性最高[达107.8 kg/(mol Ni·h)];而空间位阻最大的C4催化活性仅为7.8 kg/(mol Ni·h).催化剂结构中给电子效应增加有利于催化活性及聚合物分子量的增加.C2催化活性为62.5 kg/(mol Ni·h),所得聚合物的分子量为5.0×104;而具有较强给电子效应的C3催化活性达到96.9 kg/(mol Ni·h),并得到更高分子量的聚合物(7.6×104).     

茂钛均相催化剂丁二烯聚合研究

由五甲基单茂钛化合物Cp TiL3 和甲基铝氧烷 (MAO)组成的催化体系进行丁二烯聚合 .考察具有不同辅助配体L的主催化剂Cp TiL3 及外加三异丁基铝 (TIBA)对聚合的选择性 ;讨论了聚合温度、AlMAO Ti摩尔比和催化剂浓度对聚合反应的影响 .发现外加适量TIBA有助于提高催化活性 ,而且随着TIBA用量的增加聚丁二烯分子量增加 .结合钛氧化态分析 ,说明催化体系中Ti(Ⅲ )活性中心更有利于丁二烯聚合     

Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene produced by a bis(phenoxy‐imine) titanium complex supported on latex particles

The applicability of latex particle supports for non‐Cp type metallocene catalysts for ethylene polymerization is presented. Polystyrene latex particles were prepared by miniemulsion polymerization and functionalized with poly(ethyleneoxide)chains and pyridyl groups on the surface. These latex particles were chosen to demonstrate that a support with nucleophilic substituents on the surface can act as a carrier for a (phenoxy‐imine) titanium complex (titanium FI‐catalyst) to produce ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). The composition of the support, the concentration of pyridyl groups on the surface, and the crosslinking of the support were optimized to provide a system where the FI‐catalyst resulted in the formation of polyethylene with a M_w of more than 6,000,000 and a relatively narrow molecular weight distribution of 3.0 ± 0.5. High activities for long polymerization times greater than 6 h resulted in a catalyst system exhibiting productivities of up to 15,000 g PE/g cat. or 7,000,000 g PE/g Ti. The resulting polymer properties showed that nucleophilic groups on the latex particle support did not negatively impact the catalyst by blocking the active site but instead created a stable environment for the titanium catalyst. In particular, pyridyl groups on the surface of the latex particle stabilized the catalyst system probably by trapping trimethylaluminium. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 3103–3113, 2006     

Reduced titanium dioxide as support for Ziegler–Natta catalysts

Titanium tetrachloride heterogenized on reduced TiO₂ has been studied as a catalyst for ethylene polymerization. The catalyst has good storage stability and exhibits good activity for ethylene polymerization. The polymer chains grow linearly during ca. 1 h, giving an average molecular weight of up to 2.5 × 10⁶ which indicates that practically no β-elimination occurs. The activity of the catalyst at 50°C, based on Ti(III), is 7.6 × 10⁶ PE/mol Ti h bar and based on the quantity of polyethylene formed it is 1.25 × 10⁶ g PE/mol Ti h bar. The molecular weight of the polymer can be controlled with the addition of hydrogen, under 0.5 bar hydrogen, polyethylene with a molecular weight of 411,000 and a relatively low polydispersity index of 2.2 is obtained. The catalyst shows good thermal stability; the Arrhenius activation energy is 31.8 kJ/mol for the polymerization. The catalyst is also active for propylene polymerization, giving 3 × 10⁶ g PP/mol Ti h bar with the high isotacticity of 93%. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Polyethylene with Reverse Co‐monomer Incorporation: From an Industrial Serendipitous Discovery to Fundamental Understanding

A triethylaluminium(TEAl)‐modified Phillips ethylene polymerisation Cr/Ti/SiO₂ catalyst has been developed with two distinct active regions positioned respectively in the inner core and outer shell of the catalyst particle. DRIFTS, EPR, UV‐Vis‐NIR DRS, STXM, SEM‐EDX and GPC‐IR studies revealed that the catalyst produces simultaneously two different polymers, i.e., low molecular weight linear‐chain polyethylene in the Ti‐abundant catalyst particle shell and high molecular weight short‐chain branched polyethylene in the Ti‐scarce catalyst particle core. Co‐monomers for the short‐chain branched polymer were generated in situ within the TEAl‐impregnated confined space of the Ti‐scarce catalyst particle core in close proximity to the active sites that produced the high molecular weight polymer. These results demonstrate that the catalyst particle architecture directly affects polymer composition, offering the perspective of making high‐performance polyethylene from a single reactor system using this modified Phillips catalyst.     

Single and binary catalyst systems based on nickel and palladium in polymerization of ethylene

The catalyst (N,N‐bis(2,6‐dibenzhydryl‐4‐ethoxyphenyl)butane‐2,3‐diimine)nickel dibromide, a late transition metal catalyst, was prepared and used in ethylene polymerization. The effects of reaction parameters such as polymerization temperature, co‐catalyst to catalyst molar ratio and monomer pressure on the polymerization were investigated. The α‐diimine nickel‐based catalyst was demonstrated to be thermally robust at a temperature as high as 90 °C. The highest activity of the catalyst (494 kg polyethylene (mol cat)^?1 h^?1) was obtained at [Al]/[Ni] = 600:1, temperature of 90 °C and pressure of 5 bar. In addition, the performance of a binary catalyst using nickel‐ and palladium‐based complexes was compared with that of the corresponding individual catalytic systems in ethylene polymerization. In a study of the catalyst systems, the average molecular weight and molecular weight distribution for the binary polymerization were between those for the individual catalytic polymerizations; however, the binary catalyst activity was lower than that of the two individual ones. The obtained polyethylenes had high molecular weights in the region of 10⁵ g mol^?1. Gel permeation chromatography analysis showed a narrow molecular weight distribution of 1.44 for the nickel‐based catalyst and 1.61 for the binary catalyst system. The branching density of the polyethylenes generated using the binary catalytic system (30 branches/1000 C) was lower than that generated using the nickel‐based catalyst (51/1000 C). X‐ray diffraction study of the polymer chains showed higher crystallinity with lower branching of the polymer obtained. Also Fourier transform infrared spectra confirmed that all obtained polymers were low‐density polyethylene.     

PREPARATION OF HIGHLY BRANCHED POLYETHYLENE WITH ACENAPHTHENEDIIMINE NICKEL CHLORIDE/DIETHYLALUMINUM CHLORIDE CATALYST

The homogeneous catalyst system [ArN = C(Nap)- C(Nap)= Nar]NiCl2 (Nap = 1,8-naphthdiyl, Ar = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl)/AlEt2Cl has been prepared and examined for ethylene polymerization. Polymerization conditions such as cocatalyst, Al/Ni molar ratio and polymerization temperature (Tp) have a great effect on catalytic activity and properties of polyethylenes (PE). The activity of 5.1 × 105g PE/mol Ni. H was obtained by the catalyst, activated with AlEt2Cl at 120 of Al/Ni ratio and 30℃. Especially, Tp had a pronounced influence on branches and molecular weight of PE. Branching degree of PE increased with increasing temperature whereas their molecular weight decreased correspondingly. At Tp lower than about 70℃, the resultant PE was an elastic material. When Tp was higher than 70℃, the product was a viscous oil. The resultant PE was confirmed by 13C-NMR to contain significant amounts of not only methyl but also ethyl, propyl, butyl,amyl, and longer branches (longer than six carbons). According to gel permeation chromatographic measurement, the weightaverage molecular weights of the polymers obtained ranged from 3.6 × 103 to 2.3 × 105.     

Novel cyclohexyl‐substituted salicylaldiminato–nickel(II) complex as a catalyst for ethylene homopolymerization and copolymerization

The cyclohexyl‐substituted salicylaldiminato–Ni(II) complex [O? (3‐C₆H₁₁)(5‐CH₃)C₆H₂CH?N‐2,6‐C₆H₃ⁱPr₂]Ni(PPh₃)(Ph) ( 4 ) has been synthesized and characterized with ¹H NMR and X‐ray structure analysis. In the presence of phosphine scavengers such as bis(1,5‐cyclooctadiene)nickel(0) [Ni(COD)₂], triisobutylaluminum (TIBA), and triethylaluminum (TEA), 4 is an active catalyst for ethylene polymerization and copolymerization with the polar monomers tert‐butyl‐10‐undecenoate, methyl‐10‐undecenoate, and 4‐penten‐1‐ol under mild conditions. The polymerization parameters affecting the catalytic activity and viscosity‐average molecular weight of polyethylene, such as the temperature, time, ethylene pressure, and catalyst concentration, are discussed. A polymerization activity of 3.62 × 10⁵ g of PE (mol of Ni h)^?1 and a weight‐average molecular weight of polyethylene of 5.73 × 10⁴ g^.mol^?1 have been found for 10 μmol of 4 and a Ni(COD)₂/ 4 ratio of 3 in a 30‐mL toluene solution at 45 °C and 12 × 10⁵ Pa of ethylene for 20 min. The polydispersity index of the resulting polyethylene is about 2.04. After the addition of tetrahydrofuran and Et₂O to the reaction system, 4 exhibits still high activity for ethylene polymerization. Methyl‐10‐undecenoate (0.65 mol %), 0.74 mol % tert‐butyl‐10‐undecenoate, and 0.98 mol % 4‐penten‐1‐ol have been incorporated into the polymer. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 6071–6080, 2004     

桥联茂金属催化剂用于双功能催化体系制备LLDPE的研究

以四种取代基不同的桥联茂金属作为乙烯共聚催化剂 ,以Ti(OR) 4为二聚催化剂组成双功能原位聚合催化剂体系 ,在同一反应釜中 ,乙烯为唯一聚合单体 ,以阳离子助剂B(C6 F5 ) 3为唯一助催化剂 ,原位制备LLDPE .该聚合体系催化剂活性高、单体插入率高、得到的聚合物为熔点低、分子量可调的超低密聚乙烯     

Synthesis,characterization and ethylene polymerization by metallasilsesquioxane

Soluble complexes of group (IV) metallocenes anchored on a substituted polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane trisilanol support were prepared and characterized. These catalyst precursors formulated as [M(O^O^O)X] are found to be active in polymerization of ethylene at high temperature in combination with ethylaluminum sesquichloride (Et₃Al₂Cl_3, EASC) as co‐catalyst. The polyethylene obtained by these catalysts is linear, crystalline and displays narrow dispersity. The unique low molecular weight PE formed in this reaction exhibits properties comparable to commercial micronized PE waxes that have potential industrial applications in surface coating and ink formulations. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Catalytic synthesis of low molecular weight polyethylene by S-bridged Ti-complexes

A series of novel titanium(IV) complexes with S-bridged biphenol such as 5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl phenyl sulfide (BHMPS) have been synthesized. These catalytic precursors formulated as [R₃Ti (O^O) TiR₃]_n were found to be highly active in polymerization of ethylene at high temperatures and pressures in combination with ethyl aluminium sesquichloride (Et₃Al₂Cl₃) as co-catalyst. The polyethylene yields range from 250–1600 Kg PE/mmole catalyst. The GPC of polymers typically correspond to ultra low molecular weight polyethylene with narrow polydispersities