甲壳素和壳聚糖在伤口敷料中的应用

天然高分子甲壳素和壳聚糖以其良好的生物相容性、生物可降解性、无毒、止血、止痛、抗菌、促进伤口愈合并减少疤痕等优点,在伤口敷料方面的研究正在引起人们的重视。本文对甲壳素和壳聚糖适于作为伤口敷料的优异性能从机理上进行了讨论,并介绍了通过甲壳素、壳聚糖及其衍生物制备性能优异的伤口敷料的研究进展。     

壳聚糖及其衍生物在组织工程中的应用

壳聚糖由于具有良好的生物相容性、生物可降解性以及具有可反应的活性基团,因而在生物、医学等领域具有广泛的研究和应用。随着组织工程学研究的深入,壳聚糖及其衍生物材料作为天然高分子组织工程支架越来越受到重视,综述了近年来国内外壳聚糖及其衍生物在组织工程上的研究和应用情况,包括壳聚糖及其衍生物支架材料的制备方法、壳聚糖的改性以及壳聚糖复合材料等。     

壳聚糖及其衍生物在生物医药中的研究进展

壳聚糖是一种用途很广的天然高分子化合物,具有无毒、生物相容性、吸附功能、生物可降解性及多种生物学活性等优异性能。本文综述了壳聚糖及其衍生物作为药物载体材料、组织工程材料、医用敷料和抗菌材料的应用,并且其在抗肿瘤方面也有一定的疗效。     

壳聚糖及其衍生物抗菌机理研究进展

壳聚糖及其衍生物的抗菌活性和优良加工性能,使其成为具有巨大潜力的抗菌材料,可用于食品保鲜、伤口敷料和组织工程等方面。本文综述了近年来在壳聚糖基材料抗菌模型、影响抗菌活性因素及抗菌活性优化方案方面的研究进展,希望对壳聚糖衍生物抗菌材料的制备及优化提供参考。     

壳聚糖及其衍生物抗菌活性的研究进展

壳聚糖是自然界目前发现的唯一碱性多糖,具有自然来源丰富,生物相容性好,可被生物降解,安全无毒和抗菌性强等许多天然的优良特性,现其广谱抗菌性已得到广泛的认可,但较差的水溶性限制了它的进一步应用。因此,通过一定的改性方法制备壳聚糖衍生物以提高其水溶性,是目前壳聚糖研究方面的热点之一。本论文就近年来几种常见的壳聚糖亲水改性方法及其衍生物在抗菌方面的应用进展进行综述,以期对壳聚糖的深入研究提供参考。     

壳聚糖基抗菌型创伤敷料的研究进展

近年来,随着再生医学的快速发展,组织工程技术再造人体组织器官被广泛的关注和研究。其中对加速创伤修复的敷料材料设计非常重要,其结构性质严重影响了再生组织的形态和效果。天然高分子壳聚糖具有广谱抗菌、强效止血作用,无毒性降解物,具有良好的生物相容性、生物活性和生物可降解性良好,能够有效地促进创面愈合和组织修复再生,在生物医用敷料领域具有广阔的应用前景。本文主要综述近年来壳聚糖基创伤敷料设计成型方法,并讨论不同的成型工艺及负载不同抗菌剂的敷料性能及用途差异。以期能够为设计和开发新型壳聚糖基抗菌型创伤敷料材料提供重要参考。     

壳聚糖及其衍生物对金属离子的吸附研究(上)

壳聚糖是一种天然高分子,在其分子结构的重复单元中有-NH2和-OH,因而对金属离子有较好地吸附和配位能力.本文较全面地综述了壳聚糖及其衍生物对金属离子的吸附性能,简述了它们与金属离子形成配合物的结构及吸附机理,并对其发展前景作了展望.其中上篇主要讲述了壳聚糖及其衍生物对金属离子吸附性能的研究进展.     

壳聚糖基抗菌材料的制备研究新进展

壳聚糖及其衍生物的抗菌活性和优良加工性能,使其成为巨大潜力的抗菌材料,可用于食品保鲜、伤口敷料、纺织品功能化和组织工程等方面。本文综述了近年来壳聚糖基抗菌材料的制备研究新进展,并讨论了壳聚糖基材料的抗菌模型及影响抗菌活性的因素,希望对壳聚糖基抗菌材料的制备及抗菌活性的优化提供指导。     

壳聚糖及其衍生物溶液浇铸膜的结构研究

用偏光显微镜小角光散射、扫描电镜和大角度X-光衍射技术研究了壳聚糖及其衍生物丁酸壳聚糖、苯甲酸壳聚糖的溶液浇铸膜的结构。用低于液晶临界浓度的稀溶液能制备具有液晶织构的膜。观察到指纹状织构、正光性滴状织构和负光性滴状织构．后两种滴状织构内分子自组织构型分别为辐射型和双极型。     

羧甲基壳聚糖的性能及其在生物医学领域的应用

羧甲基壳聚糖是一种具有多功能基的天然生物材料,在食品、化妆品、环保、印染、农业等领均有广泛应用.其优良的性能,低廉的价格,使得它在生物医学领域有巨大的的应用潜力.本文综述了羧甲基壳聚糖的水溶性、成膜性、降解性、抗菌性及生物学特性,并对其在烧伤敷料、抗术后粘连材料、药物载体、酶抑制剂等生物医学领域应用的研究进展进行了综述,并指出今后可能的重点研究方向.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.     

Copper-catalyzed multicomponent reactions of 2-iodoanilines,benzylamines, and elemental sulfur toward 2-arylbenzothiazoles

A relatively cheap copper salt-catalyzed, three-component approach providing 2-arylbenzothiazoles in good to excellent yields from readily available 2-iodoanilines, benzylamines, and sulfur powder is reported. This methodology allows preparation of various classes of 2-arylbenzothiazoles and provides a general, reliable approach.