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通过表面张力的测定研究了皂荚素(GS)的表面活性及其热力学性质随温度的变化。测定了皂荚素分别与十二烷基磺酸钠、十二烷基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、全氟辛酸钠、十二烷基脂肪醇聚氧乙烯(9)醚、辛基酚聚氧乙烯(10)醚及十六烷基三甲基溴化铵等复配的表面张力-浓度对数关系(r-lgc)曲线,并用二维晶格模型及正规溶液理论计算了含皂荚素的二元表面活性剂溶液表面吸附层的组成、分子相互作用参数及分子交换能。结果表明,皂荚素主要呈现非离子表面活性剂的性质,与阳离子表面活性剂复配呈微弱的离子性。复配后分子交换能均小于零,复配增效。增效顺序为GS/阳离子>GS/非离子>GS/阴离子(表面活性剂复配体系)。 相似文献
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烷基磷(膦)酸萃取剂钠盐与非离子表面活性剂AEO9混合体系胶团的… 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文研究了烷基磷(膦)酸萃取剂钠盐NaEHEHP,NaDTMPP,Na2(MEHP)与非离子表面活性剂AEO9以不同比例复配后水溶液胶团的形成及分子间的相互作用结果表明混合胶团的形成使CMC大大降低,分子间在胶团中的相互中弱为,Na2(MEHP)体系〉NaDTMPP体系〉NaEHEHP体系,分子间在表面层的作用小于同体系分子间在胶团中的相互作用,这一结果有利于混合胶团的形成。 相似文献
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二元表面活性剂溶液表面吸附层分子交换能的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
由于分子间存在的相互作用,表面活性剂混合体系通常比单一表面活性剂更能降低溶液的表面能,该现象称为协同效应或复配增效^[1,2]。由于多元体系组成复杂,迄今仅能用正规溶液理论导出的非理想性参数(又称分子相互作用参数βs)来表征^[3-5],βs愈负,复配增效效果愈好。但如何从分子水平去理解βs至今尚不清楚。本文用二维晶格模型得出协同效应可用溶液表面层的分子交换能来描述,并推导出由βs计算该交换能的相应公式。 相似文献
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Ni(115)台阶面对氢表面微观动力学行为的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用5参数Morse势模拟氢-镍表面体系相互作用势,考察了氢原子在Ni(115)台面上吸附扩散行为。同时构造了氢分子与Ni(100)和Ni(115)台阶面 相互作用推广的LEPS势面面,考察了氢分子解离化学吸附的微观动力学性质。 相似文献
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通过测定苄泽类非离子型表面活性剂Brij58、Brij76、Brij78与阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)、阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)复配体系的表面张力,研究了复配体系的形成胶束能力、降低表面张力效率、降低表面张力能力3种增效作用,并结合复配体系中表面活性剂分子间的相互作用参数进行了深入的讨论。研究结果表明,与阳离子表面活性剂复配时,Brij76/CTAB体系增效作用最强;与阴离子表面活性剂复配时,Brij58/SDS复配体系增效作用最强,而且苄泽类非离子型表面活性剂与阴离子表面活性剂复配增效作用更加显著。 相似文献
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研究表面活性剂分子在水溶液中的聚集行为对模拟生物膜功能和研究分子间相互作用具有重要意义"'.用于形成囊泡双分子层的表面活性剂主要是类似天然磷脂的双烷基链两亲分子,单烷基链两亲分子在引人刚性基团时亦可形成双分子膜k'.含SChiff碱基两亲分子在水溶液中的聚集性质及间、尾链长度对SChiff碱基构象的影响已有报道"'.本文报道了这类分子的另一种重要成膜性质,即改变制备条件,可选择性地得到不同聚集结构和相变温度的双分子膜·实验中所用成膜分子为:CH。(CH。)。;OPh-N-CH-PhO(CH;)n;N"(CH。)。Br-(m-4;n-… 相似文献
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10-十一烯酸衍生物混合体系有序溶液与聚集体研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
对三甲基-[2-(10-十一烯酰氧乙基)]碘化铵CH2=CH(CH2)8COOCH2CH2N(CH3)3I和N,N-[2-(10-十一烯酰甲基牛磺酸钠)]CH2=CH(CH2)8CON(CH3)CH2CH2SO3Na的表面及聚集行为进行了研究。混合体系溶解度良好,在40cmc时仍为稳定胶团溶液。结合正规溶液理论计算了混合体系表面吸附层、胶团的组成及分子间作用参数。基于两亲分子几何结构及分子间相互作用原理对上述现象进行了合理解释,发现了少量长链脂肪醇促使正负离子表面活性剂混合胶团转化为囊泡的新现象。 相似文献
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测定了25℃不同比例的C_(10)F_(19)O(C_2H_4O)_9H与C_8H_(17)C_6H_4O(C_2H_4O)_(10)H混合水溶液的表面张力,研究混合水溶液的表面性质与胶团形成。用两种不同方法计算在表面上的表面成份、分子之间相互作用参数(β_σ)。结果表明,在非离子型碳氟和碳氢表面活性剂混合水溶液中,两种表面活性剂基本上各自形成胶团;表面分子相互作用参数皆为正值;表明此混合体系中碳氟链与碳氢链之间互疏作用的存在。 相似文献
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Uroš Grošelj Mojca Žorž Amalija Golobič Branko Stanovnik Jurij Svete 《Tetrahedron》2013,69(52):11092-11108
A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives. 相似文献
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The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp3)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp2)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp2)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp3)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp3)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp2)?H insertion. 相似文献
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N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%). 相似文献
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Shashikant U. Dighe Surya K. Samanta Shivalinga Kolle Sanjay Batra 《Tetrahedron》2017,73(17):2455-2467
An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y1 and Y2. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones. 相似文献
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In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates. 相似文献
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An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions. 相似文献
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Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described. 相似文献
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An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction. 相似文献
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The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H4C4B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed. 相似文献
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Xi-Liu YunWen-Ying Bi Jian-Hui HuangYu Liu Daisy Zhang-NegrerieYun-Fei Du Kang Zhao 《Tetrahedron letters》2012,53(38):5076-5080
A variety of N-aryl and N-alkyl carbazolones were conveniently achieved in good to high yields via Pd2(dba)3-mediated intramolecular coupling of N-substituted α-iodo enaminones under microwave irradiation. The Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization was found to proceed favorably with the more electron-deficient phenyl ring during the reactions involving unsymmetrical N,N-diaryl α-iodo enaminones. This unique property enables the construction of carbazolone skeleton containing nitro substituted benzenoid ring. 相似文献