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1.
紫精类化合物具有良好的电化学活性,并且在发生氧化还原反应时伴有颜色的变化,在膜修饰电极、电致变色材料和分子器件的研制等方面受到广泛的关注。紫精中的烷基链非常易于进行化学修饰,因而比较适合于通过自下而上的分子自组装技术制备多功能的分子和纳米材料。本文综述了利用Langmuir-Blodgett法、自组装法和层层组装法制备紫精分子聚集体材料的研究进展,并讨论了分子聚集体薄膜中紫精的结构、电致变色、电化学氧化还原特性及其在研制超分子器件方面的应用。  相似文献   

2.
研究报道了一种基于可吸附的固态紫精化合物电致变色器件.我们设计并合成了一种新型可吸附的不对称紫精化合物,其一端引入三苯胺基团用以修饰紫精化合物的电致变色性质,另一端引入膦酸基团使其固定于电极上,以提高变色速度,增加器件稳定性.将所合成的材料应用于器件中,得到了高透过差值和高稳定的电致变色器件.我们利用紫外-可见-红外分光光度计、电化学工作站以及CIE 1931%YLxy色度系统对其电致变色性能以及颜色进行了表征.  相似文献   

3.
合成了醛基功能化的紫精,1,1′-二醛己基-4,4′-联吡啶,通过与聚乙烯醇的缩醛反应将紫精固定到凝胶电解质中,对电极用电沉积法沉积普鲁士蓝,制备了新型凝胶型电致变色器件。这种凝胶电致变色器件避免了电解质泄露的风险并拓宽了电致变色器件的应用范围。采用1 HNMR对分子结构进行了表征,通过紫外-可见分光光度计研究了器件的电致变色性能及其影响因素。结果表明:采用将紫精通过共价键并入凝胶的方法,制备的器件在±2V的工作电压下具有47%的对比度,着色时间2.8s,褪色时间3.3s,并且具有良好的循环稳定性。  相似文献   

4.
多功能性紫精聚合物   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
综述了紫精聚合物的功能,包括电子转移催化剂、电致变色性或光致变色性、电极修饰、液晶行为、导电性及光机械行为等。  相似文献   

5.
合成了三种新型的主链为聚4-乙烯基吡啶的侧链型紫精聚合物和相应的小分子紫精,研究了它们的电还原及光还原行为。结果表明这类侧链型紫精聚合物的电还原和在异丙醇水溶液中的光还原都存在明显的聚合物效应,还原后生成的自由基正离子分子内缔合的倾向比相应的小分子紫精大得多.  相似文献   

6.
合成了三种新型的主链为聚4-乙烯基吡啶的侧链型紫精聚合物和相应的小分子紫精,研究了它们的电还原及光还原行为。结果表明这类侧链型紫精聚合物的电还原和在异丙醇水溶液中的光还原都存在明显的聚合物效应,还后生成的自由基正离子分子内缔合的倾向比相应的小分子紫精大得多。  相似文献   

7.
电致变色是一种响应外部电刺激而发生颜色变化的现象,材料可以在不同的氧化还原状态之间进行可逆切换,从而在可见光或近红外区域产生新的吸收带。迄今为止,电致变色材料主要包括过渡金属氧化物、过渡金属配位聚合物、紫罗精、有机共轭聚合物等。过渡金属配位聚合物类电致变色材料兼具无机材料和有机材料的优点,具有广泛的应用前景。铁配位聚合物具有良好的氧化还原性质和丰富的电子跃迁,是一类性能优异的电致变色材料。本文综述了铁金属配位聚合物类电致变色材料的研究进展,主要从有机配体的臂形、种类和间隔基团等方面进行分类阐述。  相似文献   

8.
韩香草  柏跃玲 《合成化学》2019,27(7):576-583
紫精化合物(viologens)是一类具有独特变色性质的缺电子体阳离子化合物,在变色材料、超分子器件和有机电池等方面有着潜在的应用前景。可通过取代反应设计合成具有不同取代基的紫精,实现性能调控。本文对近年来紫精化合物的合成方法与应用研究进展进行了综述,重点介绍了其在变色、发光等性能方面的潜在应用。  相似文献   

9.
导电聚合物基电致变色器件的研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
导电聚合物作为电致变色活性材料是目前最有应用前景的智能材料之一。本文概述了电致变色器件的基本结构和导电聚合物的电致变色机理,着重介绍了多种导电聚合物基电致变色器件的特点、组成及制备,并展望了未来电致变色器件的发展及应用趋势。  相似文献   

10.
电致变色和电化学储能的原理均是基于电荷在电极中的嵌入或脱出而发生的氧化还原反应,具有相同的电化学本质。将电致变色和电化学储能功能集成在一起的电化学器件即电致变色储能器件。以锂离子电池为代表的电化学储能器件已广泛商业化,单一功能的电致变色器件也已被广泛报道并有商业化应用,但有关电致变色储能器件的研究仍然停留在实验阶段。该类器件在电化学储能的同时,可以改变其在可见光甚至红外波段的透射率,并可用颜色指示器件的荷电状态,为电化学器件提供新的应用前景。电致变色储能器件主要包括电致变色超级电容器、电致变色电池和光驱动电致变色智能窗等。电致变色超级电容器和电致变色电池以同时具有电致变色效应和电荷存储性质的材料为正负电极,光驱动电致变色智能窗则还包括将光能转化为电能的光电转换部分。这些器件可用于建筑节能智能窗、静态显示、智能传感等。此外,在柔性基底上制备的可穿戴电致变色储能器件在智能服装、植入显示器和电子皮肤等方面具有应用潜力。本文从基本原理、研究进展和应用领域等方面对无机电致变色储能材料与器件进行综述,并提出未来的研究展望。  相似文献   

11.
Synthesis of a new thiophene-based monomer; 5,12-dihydrothieno[3′,4′:2,3][1,4]dioxocino[6,7-b]quinoxaline (DDQ), was realized. The chemical structure of the monomer was characterized by 1H NMR, FTIR and mass spectroscopy techniques. Electrochemical polymerization of DDQ and characterization of the resulting polymer [P(DDQ)] was performed. Moreover, the spectroelectrochemical and electrochromic properties of the polymer film were investigated. P(DDQ) has a low oxidation potential (0.9 V) and low band gap (1.73 eV) compared to polythiophene. In addition, dual-type polymer electrochromic device (ECD) based on P(DDQ) with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) was constructed. Spectroelectrochemistry, electrochromic switching, stability and open-circuit stability of the device were studied. It was observed that polymer have good switching time, reasonable contrast and optical memory.  相似文献   

12.
A series of novel triphenylamine-containing aromatic poly(amine-amide-imide)s (PAAIs) were prepared by the phosphorylation polyamidation reactions from the diamine, N,N′-bis(4-aminophenyl)-N,N′-diphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine, and various imide ring-preformed dicarboxylic acids. All the PAAIs were amorphous, had good solubility in many polar aprotic solvents, and exhibited excellent thin film forming capability with good mechanical properties. They displayed relatively high glass-transition temperatures (220-306 °C) and good thermal stability, with 10% weight-loss temperatures in excess of 522 °C in air or nitrogen and char yields at 800 °C in nitrogen higher than 66%. The solutions of polymers in NMP exhibited strong UV-vis absorption bands with a maximum around 315 nm. The hole-transporting and electrochromic properties were examined by electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical methods. Cyclic voltammograms of the PAAIs prepared by casting polymer solution onto an indium-tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrate exhibited two reversible oxidation redox couples at 0.63 and 1.01 V vs. Ag/AgCl in acetonitrile solution. All the PAAIs revealed very stable electrochromic characteristics, changing color from original pale brownish to green, and then to blue at 0.67 and 1.08 V, respectively.  相似文献   

13.
A series of novel triphenylamine-containing aromatic poly(amine-amide)s were prepared from the dicarboxylic acid, N,N′-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)-N,N′-diphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine, and various diamines by direct phosphorylation polycondensation. All the poly(amine-amide)s were amorphous, soluble in a variety of organic solvents, and could be solution cast into transparent, tough, and flexible films with good mechanical properties. They had useful levels of thermal stability associated with relatively high glass-transition temperatures (195-280 °C). These polymers exhibited strong UV-Vis absorption bands at 330-346 nm and their photoluminescence showed maximum bands around 516-535 nm in NMP solution. The hole-transporting and electrochromic properties are examined by electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical methods. Cyclic voltammograms of the poly(amine-amide)s prepared by casting polymer solution onto an indium-tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrate exhibited two reversible oxidative redox couples at potential 0.73-0.78 V and 1.12-1.18 V, respectively vs Ag/AgCl in acetonitrile solution. All the poly(amine-amide)s exhibited excellent reversibility of electrochromic characteristics by continuous ten cyclic scans between 0.0 and 1.40 V, with a color change from original pale yellowish neutral form to the green and then to blue oxidized forms.  相似文献   

14.
Al–B–NiO thin films were prepared using the sol–gel process and deposited on Indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrates via the dip-coating technique for the purpose of developing high performance electrochromic materials. The influence of the anneal on the structural and electrochromic properties of Al–B–NiO films is reported. Thermogravimetry (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA), cyclic voltammetry measurements (CV), UV spectrophotometer, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) have been used to investigate the structural and electrochromic properties. The thickness of the films was determined by spectrophotometric analysis in 350–1,000 nm wavelength. Results showed that the Al–B–NiO thin films treated at high temperature have both the excellent electrochromic properties and good reversibility. The transmittance change (ΔT) of the film treated at 500 °C reaches still ~50% at the wavelength of 550 nm. The microstructure and the surface morphology were considered to play an important role in the electrochromic properties with different temperatures.  相似文献   

15.
A dicarboxylic acid bearing two preformed imide rings, namely 4,4′-bis(trimellitimido)-4″-methoxytriphenylamine (3), was prepared by the condensation of 4,4′-diamino-4″-methoxytriphenylamine (2) and two molar equivalents of trimellitic anhydride (TMA). A new family of aromatic poly(amide-imide)s (PAIs) containing the electroactive triphenylamine (TPA) unit were prepared by the triphenyl phosphite activated polycondensation of the diimide-diacid 3 with various aromatic diamines. All the polymers were readily soluble in many organic solvents and could be solution-cast into tough and flexible polymer films. They displayed high glass-transition temperatures (269-313 °C) and good thermal stability, with 10% weight-loss temperatures in excess of 521 °C in nitrogen and char yields at 800 °C in nitrogen higher than 68%. Cyclic voltammograms of the PAI films cast onto an indium-tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrate exhibited one reversible oxidation redox couple at 0.91-0.93 V vs. Ag/AgCl in acetonitrile solution. The polymer films revealed a good electrochemical and electrochromic stability, with a color change from colorless neutral form to blue oxidized form at applied potentials ranging from 0.0 to 1.2 V. The PAIs containing the TPA unit in both imide and amide segments showed multicolor electrochromism: pale yellow in the neutral state, green in the semi-oxidized state, and deep blue in the fully oxidized state.  相似文献   

16.
Tungsten oxide thin films, which are cathodic coloration materials that are used in electrochromic devices, were prepared by a chemical growth method and their electrochromic properties were investigated. The thin films of WO3 were deposited onto electrically conducting substrates: fluorine doped tin oxide coated glass (FTO) with sheet resistance of about 10 Ω/cm. Transparent, uniform and strongly adherent thin film samples of WO3 were studied for their structural, morphological, optical and electrochromic properties. The XRD data confirmed the monoclinic crystal structure of WO3 thin films. The direct band gap Eg for the films was found to be 2.95 eV which is good for electrochromic device application. The electrochromism of WO3 thin film was evaluated in 0.5 M LiClO4/propylene carbonate for Li+ intercalation. Electrochromic properties of WO3 thin films were studied with the help of Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), Chronoamperometry (CA) and Chronocoulometry (CC) techniques.  相似文献   

17.
A novel electrochromic material, poly(indole-6-carboxylic acid) (PIn), and its application in electrochromic devices (ECDs) are discussed. PIn was switched between yellow in the reduced state and green in the oxidized state. Electrochromic switching of PIn film shows that it has fast switching time and high optical contrast. ECD based on PIn and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) was also fabricated and characterized. The response time of this device was found to be 1.0 s and the optical contrast was 45%. The coloration efficiency (CE) was calculated to be 510 cm2 C?1. Clear change from green (neutral) to blue-violet color (oxidized) of ECD is demonstrated with robust cycle life. These results provide an avenue for applications of polyindole family in electrochromic devices.  相似文献   

18.
A new triphenylamine-containing aromatic diamine monomer, 4-[4-(1-adamantyl)phenoxy]-4′,4″-diaminotriphenylamine, was synthesized from cesium fluoride-mediated N,N-diarylation of 4-(1-adamantyl)-4′-aminodiphenyl ether with 4-fluoronitrobenzene and subsequent reduction of the resultant dinitro compound. Novel electroactive aromatic polyamides and polyimides with adamantylphenoxy-substituted triphenylamine moieties were prepared from the newly synthesized diamine monomer with aromatic dicarboxylic acids and tetracarboxylic dianhydrides, respectively. All the resulting polymers were amorphous and most of them were readily soluble in polar solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) and could be solution-cast into transparent and strong films with good mechanical properties. These polymers exhibited glass-transition temperatures between 254 and 310 °C, and they were fairly stable up to a temperature above 450 °C for the polyamides and above 500 °C for the polyimides. These polymers exhibited strong UV-vis absorption maxima at 293-346 nm in solution, and the photoluminescence spectra of polyamides showed maximum bands around 408-452 nm in the blue region. Cyclic voltammograms of the polyamide and polyimide films on an indium-tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrate exhibited one pair of reversible redox couples at half-wave oxidation potentials (E1/2) around 0.83-0.86 V and 1.12-1.13 V, respectively, versus Ag/AgCl in an acetonitrile solution. All the polymer films revealed good electrochemical and electrochromic stability by repeatedly switching electrode voltages between 0.0 V and 1.1-1.4 V, with coloration change from the pale yellowish neutral state to the green or blue oxidized state.  相似文献   

19.
New experimental data characterizing the conditions of electrochemical synthesis of stable electrically conducting electrochromic polymeric film systems based on the complexes [Ni(Salpn-1,3)] and [Cu(Salpn-1,3)] [Salpn-1,3 is N,N-propylenebis(salicylidenimine)] in a 0.1 M Bu4NClO4/CH2Cl2 solution are presented. The redox conductivity of the new polymers is characterized by the charge diffusion coefficient. The electrochemical stability of the polymeric films is analyzed in relation to the potential and time of accumulation, and also to the range of potential sweeping.Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Khimii, Vol. 77, No. 12, 2004, pp. 1985–1989.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2004 by Ardasheva, Vovk, Pchelova, Shagisultanova.  相似文献   

20.
Much effort has been made to synthesize novel compounds and enhance the optical properties of poly(terthiophenes). The electrochromic properties of poly(4,4′′-dimetoxy-3′-methyl-2′-5′,2′′-terthiophene) (PDMMT) and poly(4,4′′-dipentoxy-3′-methyl-2′-5′,2′′-terthiophene) (PDPMT) have been studied focusing on the differences in the alkoxy-group length. Theoretical calculations were employed to elucidate the structural and thermodynamic stability of the monomers and dimmers. The results showed that in this type of thiophenes large alkoxy chains assist positive charge dispersion through hyperconjugative effect. Thus, PDPMT is thermodynamically more stable than PDMMT in the oxidized state, leading to better electrochromic stability and optical memory.  相似文献   

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