单萜吲哚生物碱Alstonerine的合成研究进展

Alstonerine属于单萜吲哚生物碱,除其结构很有特征外,还报道对两株人肺癌细胞具有细胞毒性,因此,它自然就成为合成化学的重要目标.已经有多种合成策略用于构建这个结构体系:包括Pictet-Spengler反应和Dieckmann缩合反应、烯烃复分解关环反应、膦配体催化的[4+2]关环/Friedel-Craft环化、氮杂-Diels-Alder反应/分子内Heck反应、Pauson-Khand反应等.本工作根据构建环系的不同反应系统总结了Alstonerine的合成方法.大部分合成反应步骤较多,适合工业生产的有效合成方法还有待于进一步探索.     

聚乙二醇衍生物的合成研究进展

功能化聚醚尤其是功能化聚乙二醇衍生物,如聚乙二醇对甲苯磺酸酯、胺基聚乙二醇、羧基聚乙二醇、聚乙二醇－聚酯及聚乙二醇－聚氨基酸共聚物等在有机合成、多肽合成,高分子合成、药物的缓释控释、靶向施药等多方面具有广泛的应用前景,目前它已成为国内外研究的热点,本文综述了近年来聚乙二醇衍生物的合成研究进展。     

寡糖和多糖的合成

本文重点介绍了寡塘及多馆在化学合成方面的进展，述及了寡掂经典合成方法及近年来发展的一些新方法，如三氯乙酸亚胺基作为离去基团的方法，以缩水内醚糖为糖的给体的方法等。对多糖的合成主要介绍了1,6-、1,4-、1,3-、1,2-缩水内醚搪的阳离子聚合制备均聚多塘，及用糖原酸醋衍生物通过缩聚反应制备多塘。     

麝香酮合成的新进展

本文简要评述了近十年来麝香酮合成的进展     

前列腺素合成研究的进展

根据前列腺素的结构特点,着重讨论用Ｃｏｒｅｙ的逆合成法进行推导合成,并讨论前列腺素的合成方法和研究进展,参考文献１１篇。     

取代喹啉新化合物的光化学合成

取代喹啉新化合物的光化学合成谭成权（大连大学化学化工系１１６６２２）谭成权５１岁，教授，从事金属有机化合物的合成及反应、杂环化合物的合成及氮杂二烯的光化学反应研究。１９９７－０６－３０收稿关键词１－Ｎ－苯甲酰基－４－氨基－１－氮杂丁二烯紫外光照射光环...     

流光放电合成NH3研究

NH3是一种重要的化工原料,是氮肥工业的基础.但常规的合成NH3技术,能量消耗是十分巨大的,占总成本的70%[1].而且其生产条件恶劣、设备庞大、运行费用高.因此,从60年代起,许多试图在温和条件下合成NH3的新方法应运而生[2].其中,常压非平衡等离子体合成NH3是较为理想的一种.它是将H2、N2气体按一定比例混合,在超强窄脉冲电场中产生流光放电,使气体分子激发、电离、自由基化,成为高浓度的非平衡等离子体,高活化状态的H、N原子化合成为NH3分子.     

成对电合成技术

本 文主要 介绍作者 在成对电 合成技 术的研究 成果,结 合研究实 例,介绍 了工艺条 件如电极材 料、电流 密度及电 解温度 等的优化 选择以 为同行参 考;并 将成 对电 合成 技术 归纳 分类, 开拓成对有 机电合 成思路,促 进有机 电合成技 术的发 展．     

绿色合成：一个逐步形成的学科前沿

绿色合成是有机合成化学面向新世纪的学科前沿。本文探讨绿色合成的目标及实现这一目标的一些可能途径。     

有机合成中的合成子与合成等效剂

合成子和合成等效剂是有机合成的发展过程中提出的新概念。深刻了解这一概念及其有关知识对于提高有机合成设计水平和发展有机合成设计技巧,尤其在运用计算机进行有机合成路线的择优中,都具有一定的意义。本文将分别就合成子、合成等效剂以及合成子的类型转换作一介绍。     

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能李悦生，丁孟贤，徐纪平（浙江大学高分子科学与工程研究所，杭州，３１００２７）（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所）关键词聚醚酰亚胺，聚酯酰亚胺，膜，透气性通常的聚酰亚胺加工性能较差，在芳环二酐的苯环间引入醚键等柔性基团后，其...     

微量元素与疾病诊断治疗的研究现状及展望

对国内外微量元素与疾病的关系及其诊断治疗的研究现状及研究动向进行了综述，包括：微量元素与地方病、癌肿、心血管病、糖尿病、眼病、神经系统病等。参考文献72篇。     

Determination and study on residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil

A QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method for the determination of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been developed in this study. The residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil were determined with the developed method. The half-lives of benazolin-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 3.7–5.1 days and 14.3–26.3 days, respectively. The half-lives of quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 5.0-6.1 days and 0.3–9.7 days, respectively. The residue of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rapeseed and soil were below the detection limit (i.e., 0.5?mg?kg^?1, the maximum residue level of European Union for quizalofop-p-ethyl).     

Ferrocene and ferrocenium modified clays and their styrene and EVA composites

In this work, ferrocene- and ferrocenium-containing salts were employed to modify montmorillonite. X-ray measurements show an increase in the interlayer spacing upon clay modification, which means that the larger and more organophilic cations were inserted into the gallery space of montmorillonite. Attempts to prepare nanocomposites of polystyrene and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers lead to immiscible systems; the morphology of these systems was elucidated with TEM, XRD and cone calorimetry. The thermal stability of the composites is greater than that of the virgin polymer.     

Synthesis and Optical and Redox Properties of Symmetric and Asymmetric BODIPYs

Herein, we present the synthetic route and the photophysical, electrochemical as well as laser properties of novel red‐emitting boron‐dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) bearing arylethyne moieties. Such functionality is added along the main axis of the chromophore leading to single‐ and double‐substituted derivatives. The relationship between the dye structure and the lasing properties is studied in detail with the help of the photophysical and electrochemical properties as well as quantum mechanical simulations. The asymmetric substitution of the parent dye induces inhomogeneities in the charge distribution, which leads to an overall loss of the fluorescence capacity, mainly in polar media. Such non‐radiative deactivation processes can be softened by decreasing the electron‐donor ability of the substituent or even avoided by symmetrical substitution. Thus, grafting of the arylethyne moieties at the longitudinal axis of the indacene core results in an effective strategy to develop red‐edge BODIPYs with highly efficient and photostable laser emission.     

Conformations and steric and stacking interactions of trisubstituted ureas and thioureas with alkyl and phenyl groups

The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of various trisubstituted ureas of the R₂UPh type and -thioureas of the R₂TUPh type have been studied. The trans—out isomerism in the former and the trans—out—cis isomerism in the latter are discussed from the point of view of steric effect. The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of RPhUPh and RPhTUPh are also examined. The single band appearing in the spectrum of both ureas is characteristic of the cis form; this suggests the existence of phenyl—phenyl interaction (the stacking interaction proposed by Galabov et al. [10]). Behavior of ν(N—H) vibrations at several concentrations is shown to be clearly different in the three forms (trans, out and cis). The presence of the cis form is confirmed by solvent effect experiments.     

Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的物相结构与组分优化设计

Ti-V基储氢合金在室温、常压下即可表现出良好的储氢特性,且质量储氢容量明显高于传统AB₅型储氢合金,从而在氢气的精制和回收、运输和储存及热泵等方面有较早的应用。 此外,在混合气体分离、核反应堆中处理氢的同位素、镍氢电池及燃料电池负极材料等方面也得到了广泛的研究与关注。 基于目前Ti-V基储氢合金的研究现状,概述了该类合金的优势、限制性因素(包括成因)及改性手段。 此外,为了进一步理解Ti-V基合金储氢机理、构建合金组分与储氢特性之间的对应关系,本工作重点围绕Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的结构、组分优化设计展开综述,并对其未来研究方向做出展望。     

钒与糖代谢及糖尿病

微量元素钒作为生物体内必需元素，经证实有很重要的生理学功能，与机体糖代谢有十分密切的关系，且能降低糖尿病动物模型的高血糖，极有可能被开发为治疗糖尿病的药物。     

Homo- and copolymerizaton of norbornene and norbornene derivative with Ni- and Pd-based β-ketoiminato complexes and MAO

Neutral nickel(II) and palladium(II) complexes bearing β-ketoiminato ligand have been synthesized. The two complexes have been investigated as catalyst for the polymerization. Using methylaluminoxane (MAO) as a cocatalyst, both complexes produce vinyl-addition polynorbornenes, but palladium(II) complex displays much higher activity up to 8.0 × 10⁷ g/(molPd h). Furthermore, both Ni(II) and Pd(II)/MAO system can efficiently copolymerize norbornene and 5-norbornene-2-yl acetate (NB-OCOMe) in moderate yields and in relatively high molecular weights. The analyses of the product by FTIR, ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR spectra give the verification of vinyl addition copolymer. The copolymers show narrow molecular weight distribution and good solubility in common organic solvents.