中药材中5种拟除虫菊酯农药残留量的测定

研究中药材中5种拟除虫菊酯农药残留量的测定方法。用石油醚-丙酮混合溶剂超声提取，固相萃取法净化，用气相色谱-电子捕获检测器（ECD）测定。5种拟除虫菊酯农药在3种代表性中药材的加标回收率为72．6％-135．0％，相对标准偏差为3．6％。27％；方法的检出限为0．001—0．005μg／g。方法灵敏度高，选择性好，操作较为简便，适用于植物性（根、茎类）药材中5种拟除虫菊酯农药残留量的测定。     

中草药中有机氯农药和拟除虫菊酯农药残留量的测定

建立了中草药中11种有机氯农药和8种拟除虫菊酯农药的残留气相色谱分析方法。样品用含30％丙酮的乙腈提取,用正己烷进行液液分配,提取液用弗罗里硅土柱净化,采用兰州化物所的农残Ⅱ号毛细管柱分离,用GC-ECD同时检测。在两个水平添加时的回收率(n=5)分别为78．6％～119．7％和86．5％～114．0％,相对标准偏差分别为3．6％～8．7％和4．4％～10．2％。该方法的检出限为：有机氯农药0．005mg／kg,拟除虫菊酯农药0．01mg／kg。方法用于江西中草药样品中农药残留测定,结果满意。     

气相色谱质谱联用法对农产品中8种种衣剂农药残留的同时测定

应用气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）建立了水果、蔬菜、粮谷等农产品中8种种衣剂农药残留的分析测定方法。样品用乙腈提取,通过石墨化碳或C18固相萃取小柱净化,经DB-5ms气相色谱柱分离,电子轰击电离（EI）、选择离子监测模式（SIM）对定量离子和定性离子进行MS测定。标准工作曲线范围0．02-0．5mg／L。样品中添加水平为0．005、0．010和0．020mg／kg时,回收率为74％～110％;相对标准偏差小于15％。检出限（S／N=3）为0．09～0．77μg／kg。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定花生及制品中17种菊酯类农药残留

建立了花生及制品中17种菊酯类农药残留量的分析方法。样品与C18/弗罗里硅土(1∶2,w/w)填料混合,基质固相分散(MSPD)提取,以乙酸乙酯/环己烷(1∶1,V/V)洗脱待测物。MSPD提取液经凝胶渗透色谱净化后采用气相色谱负化学源质谱检测。结果表明,氯菊酯在10～500μg/L,其余16种农药在5～500μg/L范围内具有良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9992～0.9999。17种农药在10～500μg/kg范围内的加标回收率为72.6%～102.9%,相对标准偏差为2.9%～7.8%,检出限为0.33～6.6μg/kg,定量限为1.1～21.9μg/kg。本方法操作简单、净化效果好、灵敏度高,可应用于花生及制品中17种菊酯类农药的实际检测分析。     

凝胶渗透色谱净化一气相色谱分离同时测定糙米中50种有机磷农药残留

研究了同时检测糙米中50种有机磷农药残留的方法。用乙酸乙酯提取，凝胶渗透色谱净化，环己烷-二氯甲烷(50：50，V/V)作为流动相，气相色谱-氮磷检测器检测。方法检出限为0．001～0．089mg／kg；相对标准偏差为1．7％～18．9％；40多种农药平均回收率在70％～120％。     

固相萃取-气相色谱质谱测定动物组织中氯霉素的残留量

对鸡肉、猪肉、猪肝、鸭肝等动物组织样品中的氯霉素残留的检测方法进行了研究。用乙酸乙酯和磷酸盐缓冲溶液提取动物组织中的氯霉素残留,用硅胶和C18固相萃取柱对乙酸乙酯提取物进行净化和富集。净化后的提取物用BSTFA衍生化和气相色谱-质谱-负化学电离源选择离子定量检测(选择离子为376,378,466,468,470)。通过对提取、净化富集条件的优化,建立了动物组织中氯霉素残留量的检测方法。该方法对不同基体样品的加标回收率为80％～100％之间;相对标准偏差小于20％;方法的检出限为0．1μg／kg。     

气相色谱法测定果蔬中5种拟除虫菊酯类农药残留

建立快速、准确测定果蔬中5种拟除虫菊酯类农药残留量的方法。采用漩涡振荡提取农药残留,固相萃取柱净化,毛细管柱气相色谱法-μECD检测器测定。该法可同时分离检测5种拟除虫菊酯类农药残留,检出限为0.001～0.005μg/mL。拟除虫菊酯类农药残留量在0.01～1μg/mL范围内与色谱峰高线性关系良好,相关系数大于0.9998。测定结果的相对标准偏差为4.8%～10.5%(n=6),回收率为89.9%～105.0%。     

土壤中多种有机氯及拟除虫菊酯类农药的GC-ECD测定

气相色谱法同时测定土壤中多种有机氯及拟除虫菊酯类农药。对土壤的分析结果：有机氯农药的检出限0．001～0、003μg／mL，拟除虫菊酯类农药检出限0.008～0．02μg／mL，线性相关系数0．9978～0．9999。用y（石油醚）：V（丙酮）=3：1超声波提取，有机氯农药回收率94．2％～124．0％，相对标准偏差为3．3％～8．8％（n=5）；拟除虫菊酯类农药回收率95．2％～118．3％，相对标准偏差为5．7％～7．1％（n=5）；方法适用于土壤样品中农药残留测定。     

牡蛎中痕量有机氯农药残留量的分析方法研究

建立了同时测定牡蛎中16种有机氯农药残留量的前处理方法和气相色谱分析方法。在100℃的温度条件下，用加速溶剂提取（ASE）提取样品中的有机氯农药，用凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）结合Florisil柱净化，以RTX-5MS毛细管色谱柱分离、ECD检测器测定。结果表明，样品的加标回收率（n=3）为81％～110％，方法检出限为0．2～0．7ng／g，样品检测的相对标准偏差为2．9％～15．2％。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定水产品中硫丹和毒死蜱的残留量

提出了气相色谱四极杆质谱法测定鳗鱼中硫丹和毒死蜱农药残留量的方法.样品以乙酸乙酯为提取剂,经浓缩、净化、氮气吹干后用正己烷溶解,采用气相色谱-质谱负化学电离源方式进行选择离子扫描测定.各标准曲线线性范围为0.2～10.0μg·kg-1,回收率为81%～95%;测定结果的相对标准偏差(n=8)小于5%,检出限(3S/N)为0.5μg·kg-1.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.