太阳光活性的铁酸铝-二氧化钛纳米复合光催化剂

以共沉淀法制备的铁酸铝和溶胶-凝胶法制备的二氧化钛粉体作为前驱体, 合成了铁酸铝-二氧化钛纳米复合材料, 通过曙红染料和甲基橙的光催化降解来评价该纳米复合材料的光催化活性, 并与单一二氧化钛的光催化性能进行了比较. 实验结果表明: 无论是紫外光还是太阳光的激发下, 铁酸铝-二氧化钛纳米复合材料的光催化活性均优于同样条件下所制备的单一二氧化钛纳米材料, 理想的铁酸铝掺杂浓度分别是1.0%(紫外光)和9.0%(太阳光). 由于在二氧化钛基体中掺入铁酸铝纳米粒子, 既可以促进光生载流子的电荷分离, 又可以使二氧化钛的光响应波长向可见光区域拓展, 提高了太阳能利用率, 从而使其在太阳光下具有更优越的光催化活性.     

Fe~(3+)/TiO_2多孔纳米薄膜的制备与光催化活性的研究

本研究采用溶胶 凝胶法制备含铁离子的二氧化钛多孔纳米薄膜,并将其作为光催化剂,光降解反应结果表明,含铁二氧化钛复合纳米薄膜的光催化活性明显提高.光电化学研究表明,铁离子可以形成电荷陷阱,促进空穴的界面传递反应,从而提高了光催化活性.     

介孔二氧化钛的制备及铜（Ⅱ）对其光催化氧化活性的影响

采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为模板剂,钛酸正四丁酯为原料,水热法合成出孔径为4.4 nm介孔二氧化钛.通过X射线粉末衍射仪、透射电子显微镜和氮气吸附技术对样品进行了表征.以甲基橙为模型化合物,考察了铜(Ⅱ)对介孔二氧化钛光催化活性的影响,研究表明:介孔二氧化钛的光催化活性与P25纳米二氧化钛相当,铜(Ⅱ)的加入提高了介孔二氧化钛的光催化活性,甲基橙的光催化降解速率与光强度成正比.     

银纳米颗粒负载TiO_2复合薄膜的光催化活性及其光电流性质

制备了3种不同粒径的Ag纳米颗粒,将它们分别掺入二氧化钛溶胶, 制备成复合二氧化钛薄膜。利用TEM测定了Ag粒子的大小,测量TiO2复合膜的光电流,以亚甲基蓝降解反应评价了Ag／TiO2薄膜的光催化活性．结果表明,负载不同粒径Ag纳米粒子后,TiO2薄膜的光电流和光催化活性均得到一定程度的提高．当负载平均粒径6．9 nm的Ag粒子后,薄膜具有最高的光电流和最强的光催化活性．     

紫外光照射下丙炔光催化水解反应的研究 Ⅰ．纳米二氧化钛光催化剂的性能

 采用5种不同的纳米二氧化钛为光催化剂,考察了它们在丙炔水解反应中的光催化活性,并用X射线衍射和漫反射紫外－可见吸收光谱技术进行了表征．研究了催化剂表面物理化学性质与在丙炔光催化水解反应中的构效关系．实验结果表明,纳米二氧化钛光催化剂能够引发丙炔的光催化水解反应,生成乙烷和乙烯等产物;锐钛矿相纳米二氧化钛具有较高的光催化活性,在晶型相同的情况下,影响光催化活性的主要因素是催化剂的粒径和比表面积．     

高光活性纳晶二氧化钛粉末的溶剂蒸发诱导结晶方法制备与表征

高光活性双相纳晶二氧化钛光催化剂通过溶剂蒸发诱导结晶方法制备, 然后在不同温度下对其进行热处理. 用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和BET比表面分析对二氧化钛光催化剂的结构进行了表征. 通过空气中丙酮的光催化降解对二氧化钛的光催化活性进行了表征. 结果显示: 溶剂蒸发能够促进二氧化钛在100℃晶化和相变. 当煅烧温度小于600℃, 二氧化钛粉末的孔径大小分布为双峰分布, 在700℃, 由于团聚体颗粒内的孔的坍塌, 其孔径大小分布为单峰分布, 它对应于团聚体颗粒间的孔. 所获得的二氧化钛光催化剂在100℃显示出高的光催化活性, 在400℃, 其光催化活性超过Degussa P25的光催化活性. 这可能是由于该方法所制备的二氧化钛光催化剂具有高的比表面积、小的晶粒尺寸和双峰孔径大小分布引起的.     

银修饰的二氧化钛多孔微管的制备、表征及光催化活性

在冰乙酸存在条件下, 以四氯化钛水解法制备了具有锐钛矿晶型结构的二氧化钛多孔微管, 并用化学沉积法对其进行修饰, 得到银修饰的二氧化钛多孔微管. 采用XRD, TG-DTA, SEM, TEM, XPS及氮吸附等手段对其进行了表征. 氮吸附的结果显示该样品具有很高的比表面积, 银的修饰没有显著影响二氧化钛微管的孔结构; XRD的表征结果显示, 银修饰的二氧化钛多孔微管具有良好的锐钛矿晶型; XPS的分析结果表明银以游离的金属态存在; TEM的观测结果显示, 银团簇沉积于二氧化钛纳米晶粒的表面. 降解苯酚的光催化活性测试显示出银的修饰对二氧化钛的光催化活性有显著的提高作用, 其中含银2.0%的样品活性最高.     

铁酸锌掺杂对二氧化钛结构相变及光催化性能的影响

分别采用共沉淀法和溶胶-凝胶法制备铁酸锌和二氧化钛纳米粉体,较系统地研究了铁酸锌纳米掺杂对二氧化钛“锐钛矿→金红石”的结构相变及光催化性能的影响.结果表明,适量铁酸锌的掺杂可促进二氧化钛的结构相变,显著提高其光催化活性,在最佳掺杂浓度时,其光催化降解苯酚的效率可以提高2～3倍.     

有机修饰氧化硅对抗紫外纳米ZnO的原位表面修饰

以正硅酸乙酯和二甲基二乙氧基硅烷作为共前驱体,通过溶胶-凝胶反应得到有机修饰氧化硅;用有机修饰氧化硅对碱式碳酸锌进行原位表面改性,通过对表面改性碱式碳酸锌进行热处理得到表面改性纳米ZnO;分析了表面改性纳米ZnO的结构和性能.结果表明,经有机修饰氧化硅改性处理的纳米ZnO具有强憎水性,与有机相的相容性较强,光催化活性得...     

LaNiO3/TiO2纳米管阵列的电化学制备及其光催化性能

利用脉冲电沉积与高温退火相结合的方法制备了镍酸镧(LaNiO_3)纳米颗粒负载的二氧化钛(Ti O_2)纳米管阵列.修饰于Ti O_2纳米管阵列上的LaNiO_3纳米颗粒粒径小(10 nm)、分布均匀、负载量可控,一些LaNiO_3纳米颗粒沉积于Ti O_2纳米管内.紫外可见吸收光谱显示,LaNiO_3/Ti O_2纳米管阵列的吸收带边较Ti O_2纳米管阵列明显红移,可见光吸收明显增强.可见光下光催化降解罗丹明B(RhB)的结果表明,脉冲循环沉积500次制得的LaNiO_3/Ti O_2纳米管阵列的光催化活性最佳,其对RhB光催化降解速率是Ti O_2纳米管阵列的3.5倍,并且表现出极好的光催化稳定性.     

Hydrothermal synthesis, characterization, and photocatalytic performance of silica-modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles

Silica-modified titanium dioxides were prepared by a hydrothermal method and then characterized by XRD, FT-IR, XPS, TEM, and UV-visible spectroscopy. The silica-modified titanium dioxides were in anatase phase and had large surface areas. There was strong interaction between SiO2 and TiO2, and TiOSi bonds formed during the hydrothermal process. The addition of silica in TiO2 particles could effectively suppress the formation of the rutile phase and the growth of titanium dioxide crystals. DRS spectra proved an increase in the band-gap transition with the increase of silica. The silica-modified TiO2 nanoparticles exhibited better photocatalytic activity, which increased with the silica amount, in comparison with pure TiO2 nanoparticles. Due to better thermal stability, the photocatalytic activity of the silica-modified TiO2 sample held good photocatalytic activity even after calcined at 1273 K.     

Sol–gel immobilization of SiO<Subscript>2</Subscript>/TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> on hydrophobic clay and its removal of methyl orange from water

In this study, SiO₂/TiO₂–organoclay hybrids with high adsorption capability and high photocatalytic activity were synthesized by immobilizing mixed silica and titanium dioxide nanoparticles on organically modified clay via a hydrothermal sol–gel method. Addition of negatively charged silica particles enhanced the uniform dispersion of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on organoclay layers by decreasing the system tension, which resulted in high photocatalytic activity of SiO₂/TiO₂–organoclay hybrids. The high adsorption capability endowed by organically modified clay enriched the organic compounds around the photoactive sites, and thus greatly improved the photodegradation efficiency. Combining the high adsorption capability of organoclay with the high photocatalytic activity of TiO₂ nanoparticles, SiO₂/TiO₂–organoclay hybrids were promising and cost-effective photocatalysts in removal of pollutants from wastewater.     

TiO2-双亲共聚物复合纳米粒子的合成与紫外光敏特性

用偶联剂乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷改性纳米粒子TiO₂, 应用超声技术将TiO₂ 纳米粒子分散在甲醇介质中, 然后用苯乙烯(ST)原位聚合包封, 再用丙烯酰胺或乙烯基吡咯烷酮(VP)共聚, 两步原位分散聚合得到了有机聚合物为壳、TiO₂为核的有机/无机复合粒子. 用红外光谱、紫外-可见光谱、透射电子显微镜等检测手段进行表征. 结果显示: 由于双亲共聚物对TiO₂纳米粒子的敏化作用, 紫外-可见光谱图上两种纳米复合粒子的最大吸收峰均有明显红移, 并且吸收光谱的范围扩大了, 其中尤以TiO₂/(PST-co-PVP)为甚. 意味着光敏化活性的提高, 特别是在可见光谱的范围内. 这种情形对宽带隙半导体材料如TiO₂纳米粒子的光催化特性是有利的, 表明这类材料的应用空间得到了拓展.     

纳米二氧化钛对辣根过氧化酶催化作用

将辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)固定在二氧化钛(TiO2)纳米颗粒或纳米管修饰玻碳电极(GC)上,形成纳米TiO2微粒/HRP修饰GC电极和TiO2纳米管/HRP修饰GC电极.比较了HRP在纳米TiO2微粒、TiO2纳米管电极上的直接电子转移反应.实验表明,HRP在TiO2纳米管电极表面更能有效地促进它的电活性中心发生电子交换反应.此外,还测定了HRP标记抗体的电化学性能,为抗原抗体免疫反应信号的选择提供了参考依据.     

Versatile biomimetic dendrimer templates used in the formation of TiO2 and GeO2

Biomimetic synthesis is emerging as an advantageous alternative to the harsh synthetic conditions traditionally used in metal oxide syntheses techniques. Silaffins, proteins from the C. fusiformis diatom, form silica in an aqueous environment under benign conditions. Amine terminated PAMAM and PPI dendrimers are effective mimics of silaffins and other silica precipitating polyamines. We have expanded the scope of dendrimer mediated metal oxide formation to include titanium dioxide, a photocatalyst, and germanium dioxide, a blue photoluminescent material. The nanoparticles were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (IR), and X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD). A variable temperature XRD analysis of TiO(2) nanoparticles was conducted to study the transition from anatase to rutile. TiO(2) nanoparticles synthesized in phosphate buffer showed a 200 degrees C decrease in the anatase to rutile transition temperature relative to TiO(2) templated in water. XRD analysis of GeO(2) nanoparticles in either water or phosphate buffer reveal crystalline alpha-phase germanium oxide. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the synthesis of crystalline GeO(2) under ambient conditions.     

超声微乳法合成TiO2-SiO2催化剂可见光光催化降解亚甲基蓝

采用可见光下亚甲基蓝的光催化降解为模型反应,考察了超声微乳法经钛酸丁酯水解合成的纳米TiO2-SiO2催化剂的性能,并用XRD和BET对催化剂进行了表征。结果表明:硅胶的加入有效地提高了TiO2-SiO2催化剂的热稳定性,抑制了热处理过程中TiO2由锐钛矿相向金红石相的转变和晶粒的长大。随着焙烧温度和TiO2含量的增加,TiO2的晶粒变大,但比表面积减少。TiO2-SiO2的光催化活性明显改善,可见光照射120min,31%TiO2/SiO2催化剂存在下,有84%亚甲基蓝光催化降解。31%TiO2/SiO2催化剂光降解亚甲基蓝的能力大大优于Degussa P-25和纯TiO2,其降解亚甲基蓝的反应速率常数分别为P-25和纯TiO2的8倍和10倍。     

Synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles with mesoporous anatase wall and high photocatalytic activity

Mesoporous titanium dioxide nanosized powder with high specific surface area and anatase wall was synthesized via hydrothermal process by using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as surfactant-directing agent and pore-forming agent. The resulting materials were characterized by XRD, nitrogen adsorption, FESEM, TEM, and FT-IR spectroscopy. The as-synthesized mesoporous TiO2 nanoparticles have mean diameter of 17.6 nm with mean pore size of 2.1 nm. The specific surface area of the as-synthesized mesoporous nanosized TiO2 exceeded 430 m2/g and that of the samples after calcination at 600 degrees C still have 221.9 m2/g. The mesoporous TiO2 nanoparticles show significant activities on the oxidation of Rhodamine B (RB). The large surface area, small crystalline size, and well-crystallized anatase mesostructure can explain the high photocatalytic activity of mesoporous TiO2 nanoparticles calcined at 400 degrees C.     

Preparation and characterization of nitrogen-doped titanium dioxides

A type of high visible-light active titanium oxinitride(TiO2-xNx) powder was prepared by a simple proc-ess:the calcination of the hydrated titanium dioxide at the atmosphere of ammonia-argon using a tu-bular electric furnace at high temperatures. The hydrated titanium dioxide was synthesized as the precursor of TiO2-xNx using titanic acid as raw material,which came from sulfate technique of produc-ing titanium white. The effects of temperature and reaction time on the nitrogen content,grain size and crystal structure were studied. The visible-light activity and photocatalysis capability of the powder were also investigated.     

Biosynthesis of TiO2 Nanoparticles Using Edible Mushroom (Pleurotus djamor) Extract: Mosquito Larvicidal,Histopathological, Antibacterial and Anticancer Effect

Journal of Cluster Science - The titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) were synthesized by the aqueous extract from P. djamor. The UV–Vis spectrum of TiO2NPs showed maximum absorption at...     

Formation and properties of composites based on microgels of a responsive polymer and TiO2 nanoparticles

Organic-inorganic composites were prepared with titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles embedded within colloidal particles of a cross-linked, thermally responsive polymer. To promote the incorporation of unaggregated nanoparticles of TiO2, temperature responsive microspherical gels (microgels) of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) with interpenetrating (IP) linear chains of poly(acrylic acid) (PAAc) were synthesized. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements revealed that these microgels reversibly shrink and swell in diameter from 300-400 nm to 600-800 nm with temperature. Two types of nanoparticles of TiO2 were immobilized within the IP-microgels-fine TiO2 nanoparticles synthesized by the hydrolysis of titanium(IV) isopropoxide and commercially available Degussa P25. Characterization of the composite was conducted using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV-vis absorption spectroscopy from which it was determined that the extent of loading of the TiO2 within the colloidal particles can be easily manipulated from a low value of 10% (weight) to a value as high as 75%. The TiO2 nanoparticles were in a dispersed state within the microgels and the composites showed rapid (approximately minutes) sedimentation, which is useful for gravity separations. By using turbidometry to characterize the settling behavior of the organic-inorganic composites, it was found that the settling time decreases as the content of TiO2 increases within the particles.