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1.
水系锌离子电池(aqueous zinc-ion batteries,AZIBs)具有高安全性、低生产成本、锌资源丰富和环境友好等优点,被认为是未来大规模储能系统中极具发展前景的储能装置。目前,AZIBs的研究关键之一在于开发具有稳定结构和高容量的锌离子可脱嵌正极材料。钒基化合物用作AZIBs正极时,表现出可逆容量高和结构丰富可变等特点,受到了广泛的关注和研究。然而,钒基化合物的储锌机理较复杂,不同材料通常表现出各异的电化学性能和储能机理。在本综述中,我们全面地阐述了钒基化合物的储能机制,并探讨了钒基材料在水系锌离子电池中的应用和发展近况,以及它们的性能优化策略。在此基础上,也进一步地展望了水系锌离子电池及其钒基正极材料的发展方向。  相似文献   

2.
随着人们对电子通讯器件、新能源汽车以及电网级储能技术的需求日益增长,开发安全、高效且兼具环保、低成本等优点的二次电池显得至关重要。近年来,水系锌离子电池因其高安全性、高容量、低成本以及环境友好等优点受到了广泛关注。在与锌负极相匹配的众多正极材料中,具有多电子转移特性的钒基和锰基材料表现出了广阔的应用前景。然而这些正极材料在电池循环过程通常面临着结构坍塌、组分溶解、衍生副反应、反应动力学缓慢等问题,严重制约了其商业化进程。近年来,大量研究表明,客体离子或分子预嵌正极宿主结构可以有效缓解上述问题,提升水系锌离子电池正极材料的电化学性能。本文综述了客体预嵌策略应用于水系锌离子电池钒、锰基正极材料的研究进展,对该策略所解决的问题以及其局限性进行了讨论和总结,并对未来水系锌离子电池钒基和锰基正极材料的研究发展方向进行了展望。  相似文献   

3.
贠潇如  陈宇方  肖培涛  郑春满 《电化学》2022,28(11):2219004
水系锌离子电池具有功率密度高、环境友好、安全性高、低成本和锌资源丰富等优点,被认为具有潜力成为下一代电化学储能系统。然而,正极材料较差的电化学性能制约了水系锌离子电池的未来发展。尽管氧化锰、氧化钒、普鲁士蓝类似物、有机材料等多种材料已被广泛研究,设计具有高性能的理想正极材料仍面临着巨大挑战。无氧钒基化合物由于具有高的电导率、大的层间距、低的离子扩散势垒和高的理论比容量,受到越来越多的关注。本文总结了无氧钒基化合物的研究进展,包括电极材料的设计、改善其电化学性能的有效途径以及复杂的储能机制,提出了无氧钒基化合物目前面临的挑战和未来的发展前景,为进一步制备新型高性能钒基正极材料提供指导。  相似文献   

4.
发展低成本、高性能、高安全的锂离子、钠离子电池是解决能源储存问题的一个重要途径.由于具有丰富的化学价态,开放式的化学结构和较高的理论容量,钒基材料是一种非常有潜力的锂离子电池、钠离子电池电极材料.在过去的几年中,钒基电极材料如钒的氧化物、硫化物、磷酸盐等在电池中的应用取得了长足的进展,有必要对相关的研究进展作一个总结.本文介绍了钒基电极材料的近期研究进展,重点总结了钒基电极材料应用所面临的离子扩散系数低、结构稳定性差等科学问题,并从活性材料本身的改性以及与外部材料复合作用两个角度重点分析了应对这些问题所采用的策略.一方面,通过对钒元素的化合价态进行调控来提高材料的电导性,并采用异原子掺杂来加快离子扩散系数.另一方面,借助同/异种纳米结构间的耦合作用增强材料的结构稳定性.基于基底的骨架作用,实现三维有序阵列结构电极的制备,进而促进材料能量密度与功率密度的共同提升.最后,讨论了钒基材料进一步发展所面临的挑战,希望能够为将来相关电极材料的研究提供一些参考.  相似文献   

5.
钒电池电解液是钒电池能量储存与转换的核心,电解液活性物质是溶解在强酸溶液中的钒的氧化物或化合物,电解液中钒离子的浓度大小和电解液的体积决定了电池的容量。钒电池中一般采用硫酸作为支持电解液,电解液性能与支持电解液硫酸的浓度有直接关系。酸度过高,V(Ⅳ)和V(Ⅴ)容易形成VO3+、V2O33+等物质,这些物质空间位阻大,易造成钒电池电解液在电堆运行中有较大的电化学极化,影响电解液循环;酸度过低,溶液电导率降低,V(Ⅳ)与SO42-、HSO4-易形成离子对,而V(Ⅴ)自发缔合,导致正极电解液析出沉淀。为使钒电池电解液控制在合适的总酸浓度,尤其是监  相似文献   

6.
商业化锂离子电池以锂过渡金属氧化物作正极材料,由于安全性等问题限制了其更广泛的应用。在已经研究和开发的众多新型锂离子电池正极材料中,钒系磷酸盐由于具有较高的对锂电位和理论比容量而成为研究热点。本文综述了各种钒系磷酸盐类锂离子电池正极材料的研究现状,重点对各种材料的结构、制备方法和电化学性能进行了总结,并对改善材料综合性...  相似文献   

7.
钒的氧化物,特别是V6O13与V2O5,由于具有层状结构,可以嵌入一定量的小体积阳离子而保持原有的晶体结构基本不变,因而作为电池的可逆嵌入电极材料,一直受到广泛重视[1-9].从考虑降低电池生产成本、提高电池的安全性和充分利用我国的钒资源角度出发,本课题组研究了锌与一些钒氧化物组成的二次电池,主要是Zn/V6O13有机相二次电池[10]和Zn/V2O5水相二次电池[11,12].研究结果表明,在一定范围内,锌离子能够可逆地嵌入到上述钒氧化物的层状结构中.该类二次电池具有价格低、安全性能好、能量密度大并具有适度的循环寿命和贮存寿命等优点…  相似文献   

8.
采用水热法制备了具有二维层状结构的钙钒青铜(CaxV2O5·nH2O, CVO)水系锌离子电池钒基正极材料, 并通过调控前驱体溶液中碳纳米管的含量, 得到3种钙钒青铜/碳纳米管复合材料(CVO@CNTs). 利用X射线衍射、 热重分析、 扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜等对材料进行了表征. 结果表明, 所制备的CVO呈纳米带形貌, 长约十几微米, 宽约几百纳米, 选区电子衍射测试表明所得材料为单晶结构. 循环伏安测试结果表明, CVO和CVO@CNTs均具有多个氧化还原峰, 储锌机制包括赝电容行为和电池行为. 在放电倍率1C(1C=300 mA/g)测试条件下, CVO纳米带比容量稳定在210.1 mA·h/g; 与CNTs复合后, CVO@CNTs复合材料的电荷转移阻抗降低, 在相同测试条件下表现出更高的比容量和优异的倍率性能. 其中, CVO@CNTs-40表现出最高的比容量, 在1C倍率测试条件下的比容量可达274.3 mA·h/g, 即使在20C的测试条件下放电比容量仍可达85.2 mA·h/g, 且循环1000次后容量保持率能达到92%.  相似文献   

9.
V 5的稳定性是指在溶液中不出现V2O5轻微沉淀的时间。钒电池是一种反复可充的高效储能新型无污染化学电池[1],与其它电池相比,钒电池具有不可替代的优势[2,3]。该电池活性物质是溶解在强酸溶液中的钒的氧化物或化合物。电解液中钒离子的浓度大小和电解液的多寡决定了电池的容量  相似文献   

10.
针对水系锌离子电池锰基正极材料存在比容量低、循环稳定性差等问题,本工作利用水热法制备出棒状结构的α-MnO_2,通过柠檬酸钠高温碳化制备多孔碳,进而通过超声分散等处理制备出α-MnO_2/PCSs复合材料.三维的多孔网络有助于提高电子导电性,提供一个稳定的支撑;α-MnO_2纳米棒均匀地附着在多孔碳纳米片层表面,有效地避免α-MnO_2的团聚,从而提高锌离子传输效率.得益于α-MnO_2/PCSs独特的结构优势,将其作为锌离子电池正极材料,在电流密度为0.1 A·g~(-1)的条件下循环100次后,其可逆容量为350 m Ah·g~(-1),在1 A·g~(-1)的大的电流密度下,经过1000圈循环后,容量可达160 mAh·g~(-1),展现了优异的循环稳定性能,有望成为高性能锌离子电池的潜在正极材料.  相似文献   

11.
As an emerging energy storage device with high-safety aqueous electrolytes, low-cost, environmental benignity and large-reserves, the rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs) have attracted more and more attention. Vanadium-based compounds are also supposed as the potential candidate cathode materials for AZIBs due to their wide variety of phases, variable crystal structures and high theoretical capacity. In this review, the recent progress in the development of vanadium-based materials wa...  相似文献   

12.
《中国化学快报》2023,34(7):107839
With the quick development of sustainable energy sources, aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) have become a highly potential energy storage technology. It is a crucial step to construct desired electrode materials for improving the total performance of AZIBs. In recent years, considerable efforts have focused on the modification of vanadium-based cathode materials. In this review, we summarized defect engineering strategies of vanadium-based cathodes, including oxygen defects, cation vacancies and heterogeneous doping. Then, we discussed the effect of various defects on the electrochemical performance of electrode materials. Finally, we proposed the future challenges and development directions of V-based cathode materials.  相似文献   

13.
《中国化学快报》2023,34(4):107540
Aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) with the merits of low cost, low toxicity, high safety, environmental benignity as well as multi-valence properties as the large-scale energy storage devices demonstrate tremendous application prospect. However, the explorations for the most competitive manganese-based cathode materials of AZIBs have been mainly limited to some known manganese oxides. Herein, we report a new type of cathode material NH4MnPO4·H2O (abbreviated as AMPH) for rechargeable AZIBs synthesized through a simple hydrothermal method. An in-situ electrochemical strategy inducing Mn-defect has been used to unlock the electrochemical activity of AMPH through the initial charge process, which can convert poor electrochemical characteristic of AMPH towards Zn2+ and NH4+ into great electrochemically active cathode for AZIBs. It still delivers a reversible discharge capacity up to 90.0 mAh/g at 0.5 A/g even after 1000th cycles, which indicates a considerable capacity and an impressive cycle stability. Furthermore, this cathode reveals an (de)insertion mechanism of Zn2+ and NH4+ without structural collapse during the charge/discharge process. The work not only supplements a new member for the family of manganese-based compound for AZIBs, but also provides a potential direction for developing novel cathode material for AZIBs by introducing defect chemistry.  相似文献   

14.
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs) have aroused significant research interest around the world in the past decade. The use of low-cost aqueous electrolytes and a metallic Zn anode with a suitable redox potential and high energy density make AZIBs a potential alternative to commercial Li-ion batteries in the development of next-generation batteries. However, owing to the narrow electrochemical stability window(ESW) of aqueous electrolytes, the choice of cathode materials is limited, because of whi...  相似文献   

15.
《中国化学快报》2023,34(8):107885
Aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) have attracted much attention in recent years due to their high safety, low cost, and decent electrochemical performance. However, the traditional electrodes development process requires tedious synthesis and testing procedures, which reduces the efficiency of developing high-performance battery devices. Here, we proposed a high-throughput screening strategy based on first-principles calculations to aid the experimental development of high-performance spinel cathode materials for AZIBs. We obtained 14 spinel materials from 12,047 Mn/Zn-O based materials by examining their structures and whether they satisfy the basic properties of electrodes. Then their band structures and density of states, open circuit voltage and volume expansion rate, ionic diffusion coefficient and energy barrier were further evaluated by first-principles calculations, resulting in five potential candidates. One of the promising candidates identified, Mg2MnO4, was experimentally synthesized, characterized and integrated into an AZIB based cell to verify its performance as a cathode. The Mg2MnO4 cathode exhibits excellent cycling stability, which is consistent with the theoretically predicted low volume expansion. Moreover, at high current density, the Mg2MnO4 cathode still exhibits high reversible capacity and excellent rate performance, indicating that it is an excellent cathode material for AZIBs. Our work provides a new approach to accelerate the development of high-performance cathodes for AZIBs and other ion batteries.  相似文献   

16.
《中国化学快报》2023,34(7):107760
Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) are attracting tremendous attention because of their intrinsic merits such as high safety and low cost. Cathode plays a critical role in enhancing the electrochemical performance of AZIBs. However, it is difficult to design a robust and high-efficiency cathode material and further implement the commercialization of AZIBs. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) electroactive compounds are attractive to serve as the cathode of AZIBs due to their unique porosity and crystal structures, resource renewability and structural diversity. In this work, a calcium-pure terephthalates acid framework (Ca-PTA·3H2O) was synthesized by facile hydrolysis and cationic exchange method, then explored as a novel cathode for AZIBs. The results highlight a high specific capacity of 431 mAh/g (0.51 mAh/cm2) at a current density of 50 mA/g, and excellent cycle performance with capacity retention of ∼90% after 2700 cycles at 500 mA/g. The following up characterizations investigate the reversible zinc storage mechanism in detail. This experiment made a specific contribution to the exploration of the new MOF as a competitive cathode for AZIBs.  相似文献   

17.
Vanadium-based oxides with high theoretical specific capacities and open crystal structures are promising cathodes for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs). In this work, the confined synthesis can insert metal ions into the interlayer spacing of layered vanadium oxide nanobelts without changing the original morphology. Furthermore, we obtain a series of nanomaterials based on metal-confined nanobelts, and describe the effect of interlayer spacing on the electrochemical performance. The electrochemical properties of the obtained Al2.65V6O132.07H2O as cathodes for AZIBs are remarkably improved with a high initial capacity of 571.7 mAh ⋅ g−1 at 1.0 A g−1. Even at a high current density of 5.0 A g−1, the initial capacity can still reach 205.7 mAh g−1, with a high capacity retention of 89.2 % after 2000 cycles. This study demonstrates that nanobelts confined with metal ions can significantly improve energy storage applications, revealing new avenues for enhancing the electrochemical performance of AZIBs.  相似文献   

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