促进学生认识发展的“电离和离子反应”专题的单元整体教学研究

系统梳理了电离、离子反应专题的已有研究,分析了电离、离子反应内容对学生认识发展的作用,进而确立了化学1模块电离、离子反应专题的教学论问题并进行了阐述分析。在上述研究的基础上,设计了化学1模块电离、离子反应专题的单元整体教学,并进行了教学实践,取得了较好的教学效果。     

低维ZnO纳米材料*

本文主要综述了近年来ZnO纳米材料制备领域的一些新方法,简单比较了各种方法之间的优缺点;讨论了制备不同形貌的ZnO纳米材料的影响因素,其中重点讨论了表面活性剂的作用;介绍了ZnO纳米材料的性质及其可能的应用领域;并对ZnO纳米材料的发展前景进行了展望。     

分析化学实验课程教学大纲的标准化改造与构建

基于工程教育专业认证标准的要求,结合专业课程的特点,对我校制药工程专业的分析化学实验教学大纲进行了标准化改造。标准化的教学大纲更加突出了专业适用性,关联了教学要求与教学内容和考核评定,增加了考核量化指标与课程持续改进的方式,进一步规范了分析化学实验课程的教学。标准教学大纲的构建为实验教学活动提供了更加明确的指导,有利于缩小不同教师教学的差异性,保证了实验教学的质量,为建立可持续完善的工程类实验教学标准体系提供了具体参考。     

储氢合金电极的表面修饰研究

利用等离子体技术对AA型MH/Ni电池的储氢合金电极进行了镀覆导电膜层的表面修饰,用XRD及SEM对电极结构进行了表征.极片经过表面修饰的电池,其内阻降低了24％,放电容量有了明显提高,5C (7.5 A) 放电容量提高了200 mA•h,放电平台电压提高了约0.14 V,导电膜层还起到了电极保护层的作用,抑制了合金的粉化,提高了电池的循环稳定性.同时,电池内压显著降低,电池性能有了较大改善.     

无机化学微信平台的构建与实践研究

针对无机化学传统教学模式的不足,构建了无机化学微信平台。介绍了构建平台必需的微信公众号和微信群的建立过程和方法。分析了无机化学微信平台在教学中的实践效果,弥补了传统教学中的不足。讨论了无机化学微信平台的积极作用,提高了教师教学水平和学生的学习能力,达到了师生双赢的目的。     

左旋薄荷醇的合成现状及进展

阐述了左旋薄荷醇的理化性质及其应用现状和全球生产状况. 介绍了薄荷醇的合成思路、已经工业化的合成路线和一些有较高工业应用价值的路线, 并介绍了关于这些路线的最新研究进展. 最后对所介绍的路线进行了总结, 展望了其发展前景.     

杜鹃花科植物有毒成分的电子结构及构效关系

本文应用INDO方法, 对由杜鹃花科植物中提取分离的九个化合物进行了量子化学计算, 得到了分子轨道波函数等多种电子结构信息, 并计算了这些化合物活性部位的分子静电势, 得到了静电势图。用分子图形技术与药理性质相同的其它生物碱类毒素进行了空间结构比较。研究了它们的电子结构特征和活性部位, 讨论了作用机理及电子结构与毒性之间的关系。     

基础化学实验室的建设与管理

化学实验室是全面完成化学教学任务的重要基地。 我院2002年建立了设备比较先进的化学实验室,给学生创造了良好的实验条件,并进行了科学化的管理,规定了各种规章制度和有关职责,较好地完成了化学教学任务。在实践中。采取：固定优秀代课教师兼管,勤工助学学生帮忙的管理办法,既减轻教师的劳动强度,又培养了学生的技能,且协调了各种关系,有利于化学教学质量的提高。     

手性羟酸和氨基酸类化合物的构效关系研究

构造了用于手性参数衍生的距离矩阵和扩展的距离矩阵, 并且观察了与羟酸类和氨基酸类化合物手性薄层色谱保留指数的相关性, 得到了具有启示性的结果. 引进了扩展的eAm指数和连乘指数, 以及综合运用了三种算法. 所得参数进行了多元回归分析, 得到了单一变量和变量组合的分析结果. 与多元回归分析相比较, 运用人工神经网络法, 使结果得到了较大的改善. 所引进的方法对于化合物构效关系研究具有普遍可用性.     

农科有机化学课程建设的探索与实践

对农科有机化学课程存在的一些普遍问题进行了分析;结合当前农林院校的特点,建立了符合农业院校特点的教学新体系;编制了一系列教材;建设了精品课程网站;建立了教学质量评价体系;建设了一支结构合理、教学水平高、团队精神好的教学队伍。     

碳苷研究 V: 用Grignard试剂合成取代苯酚中酚羟基的保护及脱保护

本文报道了一些取代苯酚的合成, 并探讨了用Grignard试剂合成取代苯酚中酚羟基的保护及脱保护的问题. 利用苄基和甲基作为酚羟基的保护基, 对文献报道的切断醚键脱保护方法进行了评价. 找到了两种新体系能在更温和条件下切断醚键的方法, 指出了它们的适用条件. 实验结果符合硬软酸碱理论.     

玩具、铅笔中可溶性砷、锑、硒的形态分析

对玩具、铅笔中可溶性砷、锑、硒的形态分析方法进行了研究,对原子荧光光谱法测定不同价态砷、锑、硒的方法进行了优化,建立了砷、锑、硒的原子荧光光谱形态分析方法。该方法样品加标回收率为82.0%~110.0%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.35%~2.22%(n=10)。     

云南菊科中草药中铅含量特征分析

论述了云南２７种菊科中草药及其水提取物中铅含量的特征。菊科植物及水提物中铅含量的频数分布为正偏态,两者的相关系数ｒ＝０．０９,未呈现显著的线性相关。提取率较高的山紫苑、佩兰、木香铅实际含量低;铅含量高的叶下花、狭叶兔耳风、臭灵丹提取率又较低,减少了人体对Ｐｂ的过量摄入。     

原子吸收光谱法测定水生生物体内铜、锌、镍、铬、铅、镉

用硝酸-高氯酸体系消解螺蛳和水葫芦样品,采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定铜、锌、镍、铬,用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定铅、镉。铜、锌、镍、铬、铅、镉的检出限分别为0.328、0.126、0.271、0.416、0.006 64、0.001 15 mg/kg,线性相关系数不小于0.999 0,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.1%~3.7%,加标回收率为86.0%~94.2%。     

Preparation and properties of polyurethane networks based on α,ω-difunctional poly(hexafluoropropylene oxide)

Poly(hexafluoropropylene oxide), poly(HFPO), networks were prepared from functional polymers by end linking via urethane groups. The prepolymers were characterized by NMR spectroscopy and GPC. The networks were characterized by determination of the number of network chains from the shear modulus, and were snown to contain both trifunctional crosslinks and difunctional links. The properties of the networks were investigated by a range of techniques. Compared with fully-fluorinated networks formed via triazine cross-links, investigated previously, the urethane-linked networks were more readily prepared but were poorer elastomers, were less thermally stable, and were less resistant to swelling by common polar solvents. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

蛋白质组学技术筛选与鉴定癫痫疾病的差异蛋白质

应用蛋白质组学双向凝胶电泳(Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, 2DE)和质谱技术, 定量分析和鉴定了癫痫组(n=3)和正常组(n=3)脑组织的差异表达蛋白, 以从蛋白质水平上揭示癫痫病的发机制. 结果表明, 凝胶图谱可辨识2500~3000个蛋白点, 对21个显著差异表达蛋白点进行质谱鉴定和SwissProt数据库检索, 得到17个癫痫差异蛋白, 其中2个蛋白在癫痫组织中表达上调, 15个蛋白表达下调. 部分蛋白与癫痫的关系属首次报道. 这些蛋白与癫痫的发生发展相关, 可能成为癫痫的分子标志物和药物治疗的靶向蛋白.     

FT-IR, FT-Raman spectra, density functional computations of the vibrational spectra and molecular geometry of biomolecule 5-aminouracil

FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra of the biomolecule 5-aminouracil were recorded in the regions 400–4000 cm⁻¹ and 10–3500 cm⁻¹, respectively. The observed vibrational wavenumbers were analyzed and assigned to different normal modes of vibration of the molecule. Density functional calculations were performed to support wavenumber assignments of the observed bands. A comparison with the molecule of uracil was made, and specific scale factors were employed in the predicted wavenumbers of 5-aminouracil. With the purpose of study the important molecule 5-aminouracil, its equilibrium geometry and harmonic wavenumbers were calculated for the first time by the B3LYP DFT method. The vibrational wavenumbers were compared with IR and Raman experimental data. Also good reproduction of the experimental wavenumbers is obtained and the % error is very small. All the tautomeric forms of 5-aminouracil were determined and optimized. The dimer forms were also simulated. The energy, atomic charges and dipole moments were discussed and several general conclusions were underlined.     

Gas chromatography-olfactometry analysis of the volatile compounds of two commercial Irish beef meats

The volatile flavour compounds of two commercial Irish beef meats (labelled as conventional and organic) were evaluated by gas chromatography-olfactometry and were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The volatile compounds were isolated in a model mouth system. Gas chromatography-olfactometry was performed by a group of eight assessors using the detection frequency methodology. The odours of the detected compounds were described as well. Eighty-one volatile compounds were identified, 11 compounds of which possessed odour activity in the first beef sample and 14 of which in the second meat sample. Ten volatile flavour compounds were common to both: methanethiol, dimethyl sulphide, 2-butanone, ethyl acetate, 2- and 3-methylbutanal, an unknown compound, 2-octanone, decanal and benzothiazole. Two unknown compounds were only detected in the first sample while 2,3-pentanedione, 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one, 2-heptanone, dimethyl trisulphide and nonanal were only perceived in the second beef. Significant differences in terms of detection frequency, odour characteristics and in nature of the volatile flavour compounds were emphasised between the two samples.     

南瓜籽烘烤前后化学成分的分析

对烘烤前后南瓜籽中的化学成分进行分析并对比。采用同时蒸馏萃取装置萃取南瓜籽中的挥发性成分,采取超临界CO2萃取技术萃取南瓜籽油脂,并将其分为酸、碱、中性三个部分,用气相色谱-质谱联用方法分析其中化学成分并进行对比。结果表明,南瓜籽挥发性成分中含有多种醛类和酯类化合物,烘烤后产生了大量的烷基吡嗪,其在碱性部分中的相对含量比烘烤前提高14倍多,不饱和醛类化合物含量也有明显提高。南瓜籽油脂中的主要化学成分是油酸、亚油酸及其酯类。还含有生物活性功能成分如植物甾醇、角鲨烯和维生素E等。烘烤后除角鲨烯含量有所降低,维生素E、植物甾醇、亚麻酸等均有提高。     

Designing Fixed Bed Column and Batch Studies of Chitosan Nanoparticles for Defluoridation of Drinking Water

The aim of present investigation was to prepare nanoparticles of chitosan and perform batch and column studies with them to study their defluoridation capacity. The nanoparticles of chitosan were characterized by techniques like FTIR, SEM, TEM, etc. Effect of initial fluoride concentration, adsorbent dose, pH and temperature were studied in the batch studies. Effect of bed height, flow rate, and inlet concentration on the column performance were studied. Performance of packed columns were described through the concept of breakthrough curves and column parameters were predicted as a function of bed heights. The breakthrough curves were defined by the Adams-Bohart and Wolborska models.