Alkaloids of Aconitum coreanum. III. 13-Acetyl-14-hydroxy-2-isobutyrylhetisine N-oxide

It has been established by the x-ray structural method that a new alkaloid isolated from the epigeal part ofAconitum coreanum has the structure of 13-acetyl-14-hydroxy-2-isobutyrylhetisine N-oxide. This is the first time that a N-oxide has been isolated among the hetisine alkaloids.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 378–383, May–June, 1990.     

Phytoecdysteroids of Rhaponticum carthamoides. II. Rhapisterone B

A new ecdysteroid (rhapisterone B) has been isolated from the seeds ofRhaponticum cathamoides (Willd.) Iljin. (familyCompositae). It has been shown that it is 2β, 3β, 11α, 14α, 20R, 24ξ-hexahydroxy-5β-cholest-7-en-6-one. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 806–808, November–December, 1991.     

Leuconine — A new alkaloid from Aconitum leucostomum and A. septentrionale

A new alkaloid — leuconine — has been isolated from the epigeal parts ofAconitum leucostomum andA. septentrionale, and its structure has been established on the basis of spectral characteristics. Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 538–540, September–October, 1992.     

Secondary metabolites of Pyricularia oryzae II. Polyketide metabolites

A number of exometabolites have been isolated from the deuteromycetePyricularia oryzae Cav., of which harman and O-demethyldiaporthin have been isolated from this species for the first time. The latter is the first example of a hexaketide from fungi of the genusPyricularia, for which only penta- and heptaketides have previously been described. All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Phytopathology, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 471–475, July–August, 1991.     

Triterpene glycosides of alfalfa. V. Medicoside H

A new triterpene glycoside — medicoside H — has been isolated from the roots ofMedicago sativa L. (Fabaceae), and on the basis of chemical transformations and spectral characteristics its structure has been established as medicagenic acid 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside 28-O-[O-α-L-rhamnopyronosyl-(1 → 2)-β-L-arabino-pyranoside]. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 673–677, September–October, 1989.     

Withasteroids of Physalis. IX. Physangulide — The first natural 22S-withasteroid

A new withasteroid — physangulide — has been isolated from the leaves ofPhysalis angulata L. It has been shown that physangulide is the first natural 22S-withanolide. Its structure has been determined as 3β,4β,20,24,25-pentahydroxy-1-oxo-5β,6β-epoxy-20R,22S,24S,25R-withanolide. Its¹H and¹³C NMR spectra, confirming this interpretation, are given. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 366–371, May–June, 1990.     

Secondary metabolites of Ulocladium chartarum. Ulocladols A and B — New phytotoxins of terpenoid nature

Ulocladols A and B — new exometabolites having a mixed sesquiterpenoid-polyketide nature that are structurally close to the host-specific toxins ofAlternaria citri — have been isolated from the deuteromyceteUlocladium chartarum. Both substances inhibit the growth of cotton seeds. All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Phytopathology, Moscow Province, Golitsyno. M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 642–648, September–October, 1991.     

Natural antioxidants. Furanoeremophilanes from Cacalia roots

Sesquiterpene compounds of the furanoeremophilane series have been isolated from extracts of the roots ofCacalia sp. growing in the Soviet Far East. The presence of antioxidant and antiradical activities in two representatives of the series has been established. Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 643–646, September–October, 1989.     

Alkaloids of Aconitum coreanum. IV. 14-Hydroxy-2-isobutyrylhetisine N-oxide

A new alkaloid has been isolated from the epigeal part ofAconitum coreanum (Levl.) Rapaics, for which the structure of 14-hydroxy-2-isobutyrylhetisine N-oxide has been established on the basis of spectral characteristics and a chemical transformation.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 383–386, May–June, 1990.     

Steroids of the spirostan and furostan series from plants of the genus Allium. XXVI. Structure of anzurogenin and anzuroside from the collective fruits of Allium suvorovii and Allium stipitatum

A new steroid glycoside of the spirostan series, anzuroside, has been isolated from the collective fruits of the cocultivatedAllium suvorovii Rgl. andA. stipitatum Rgl. (family Liliaceae, local name “anzur”). Enzymatic cleavage of the glycoside has given the previously undescribed steroid sapogenin anzurogenic C, which has the structure of (24S, 25S)-2α,3β,5,24-tetrahydroxy-5β-spirostan-6-one. Anzuroside is the 24-O-β-D-glucopyranoside of anzurogenin C. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 505–510, July–August, 1989.     

Triterpene glycosides of Astragalus and their genins XXXV. Cycloaraloside C from Astragalus amarus

A new triterpene glycoside of the cycloartane series (cycloaraloside C) has been isolated from the roots of the plantAstragalus amarus Pall. (Leguminosae). Cycloaraloside C is a bioside of cyclosieversigenin including one D-glucose residue and one D-apiose residue. The structure of the glycoside has been shown on the basis of the chemical transformations and spectral characteristics as 20R,24S-epoxycycloartane-3β,6α,16β,25-tetraol 3-O-[O-(D-apio-β-D-furanosyl)-(1 → 2)-β-D-glucopyranoside]. This is the first time that D-apiose has been found among cycloartane glycosides. Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 783–787, November–December, 1990.     

Triterpene glycosides of Astragalus and their genins XXXII. Cyclocarposide from Astragalus coluteocarpus

A new triterpene glycoside of the cycloartane series, which has been called cyclocarposide, has been isolated from the epigeal part of the plantAstragalus coluteocarpus Boiss. (Leguminosae). The structure of cyclocarposide has been established on the basis of chemical transformations and spectral characteristics as 20R,24S-epoxycycloartane-3β,6α,16β,25-tetraol 6-0-α-L-rhamnopyranoside 3-0-α-D-xylopyranoside. Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Pamir Biological Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Tadzhik SSR, Khorog. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 653–656, September–October, 1990.     

A sesquiterpene glucoside from cultivated cells of Scorzonera hispanica

A sesquiterpene glucoside has been isolated from a tissue culture ofScorzonera hispanica, and its structure has been established by mass spectrometry and two-dimensional NMR as 6,9-dihydroxy-4,10,14,15-tetradehydroguaian-6,12-olide 9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside. Irkursk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 640–645, November–December, 1992.     

Lignans of the bark of Syringa volgaris

Two lignans have been isolated from the bark ofSyringa vulgaris and identified: (+)-lariciresinol 4-β-D-glucopyranoside (I) and -olivil 4-β-D-glucopyranoside (II). This is the first time that glycoside (9) has been described. All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants Scientific-Production Association, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 768–771, November–December, 1991.     

Alkaloids ofPetilium eduardi. Petine and petine N-oxide

Two new alkaloids — petine and petine N-oxide — have been isolated from the bulbs of Petilium eduardi. Their structures have been established on the basis of spectral characteristics and chemical transformations. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, FAX (3712) 89-14-75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 524–528, July–August, 1994.     

α- and β-scopodonnines from Datura inoxia seeds

A mixture of two alkaloids, d, ℓ-α- and β-scopodonnines, known earlier as synthetic products, has been isolated for the first time from the seed ofDatura inoxia. The spatial structure of β-scopodonnine dimethiodide has been established by the x-ray structural method. Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 532–537, July–August, 1991.     

Triterpene glycosides of Astragalus and their genins XXXIX. Cycloaraloside D from Astragalus amarus

The structure of a triterpene glycoside of the cycloartane series — cycloaraloside D, isolated from the roots ofAstragalus amarus Pall. (Leguminosae) — has been established on the basis of chemical transformations and spectral characteristics. Cycloaraloside D is 20R, 24S-epoxycycloartane-3β, 6α, 16β, 25-tetraol 3-0-[0-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-D-glucopyranoside]. Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 526–528, July–August, 1991.     

Vasoactive peptides from venom of the wasp Polistes gallicus. Isolation and physicochemical and functional properties

Six vasoactive peptides have been isolated in the homogeneous form from the venom of the waspPolistes gallicus. Their physicochemical characteristics have been investigated. The wasp kinins exhibit myotropic and hypotensive effects. One of the kinins shows a prolonged hypotensive action. A. S. Sadykov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 564–568, July–August, 1989.     

A new component of Artemisia fragrans

A new component C₁₅H₂₂O₃, has been isolated from the epigeal part ofArtemisia fragrans. On the basis of chemical transformations and spectral characteristics it has been established that it has the structure of 1α-hydroxy-5,7αH,6,11βH-eudesm-3,4-en-6,12-olide (I). V. L. Komarov Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Azerbaidzhan SSR, Baku. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 632–635, September–October, 1990.     

Triterpenoids from Abies species X. Two new 3,4-secotriterpene acids from the oleoresin of the silver fir

Two new 3,4-secotriterpene acids have been isolated in the form of dimethyl esters from the acid fraction of the oleoresin of the silver firAbies alba Mill. On the basis of spectral characteristics and the results of a chemical correlation with the known triterpenoids methyl abiesolidate, dimethyl abiesonate and methyl firmanoate it has been established that they are (25R)-3,4-seco-9β-lanosta-4(28),7-dien-23-one-3,26-dioic acid and (25R)-3,4-seco-abiesa-4(28),7,14(30)-trien-23-one-3,26-dioic acid. Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Novosibirsk. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 765–770, November–December, 1990.