铑电极上的表面增强拉曼光谱研究(英文)

本文简要介绍了将铑电极用于表面增强拉曼光谱 (SERS)研究的方法 .具有较强活性的铑电极可以通过对电极施加方波电流进行恒电流粗糙获得 .对模型分子吡啶进行的表面拉曼光谱研究表明 ,该电极具有很好的稳定性和可逆性 ,并且其表面增强因子可达 4 0 0 0 .在对铑电极上一氧化碳的氧化过程进行的拉曼光谱研究中同时检测到桥式和线型吸附的C O和Pt C振动的拉曼信号 .本研究表明铑电极可作为多用的SERS基底 ,拉曼光谱可作为界面研究的通用工具 .     

乙醇在粗糙铂电极上解离吸附与氧化的原位SERS研究

采用循环伏安法和原位表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）研究了乙醇在粗糙铂电极上的吸附和氧化行为,获得了乙醇在粗糙铂电极上解离吸附的表面增强拉曼光谱.研究表明,在酸性介质中,乙醇能在粗糙铂电极上自发地解离出强吸附物种CO,在低波数区检测到桥式和线性吸附CO的铂碳键的伸缩振动信息;乙醇在粗糙铂电极上的氧化反应受扩散步骤控制;从分子水平初步证实乙醇的氧化是通过双途径机理进行的.     

甲酸在Aucore@Ptshell/Pt电极上电催化氧化的原位SERS

用化学还原法合成了Aucore@Ptshell纳米粒子, 并用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及X射线衍射(XRD)等技术对纳米粒子进行表征; 采用电化学原位表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)技术对甲酸的电催化氧化过程进行了研究, 成功地获得了甲酸在Aucore@Ptshell/Pt电极上解离吸附的原位SERS. 结果显示, 在开路电位时, 甲酸能在Aucore@Ptshell/Pt电极表面自发氧化, 解离生成强吸附中间体COad和弱吸附中间体HCOOad, 在电位为+0.10 V时检测到氧化产物CO2的谱峰. 研究结果表明, Aucore@Ptshell/Pt电极对甲酸的氧化具有较高的催化活性和较强的SERS效应, 甲酸在Aucore@Ptshell/Pt电极上的电催化氧化过程遵循双途径机理.     

非水体系中甲醇在粗糙铂电极上解离吸附的表面增强拉曼 光谱研究

利用共焦显微拉曼系统和表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)效应研究了非水体系中甲醇在粗糙铂电极上的解离吸附过程。结果表明：甲醇在粗糙铂电极上解离吸附后产生了毒性中间物CO,在较负的电位区间内,H与CO共吸附于电极表面并影响CO的吸附行为,随电位正移,ν~P~t~-~C的变化可以用电化学Stark效应进行解释,而ν~C~~O的变化则是由于电化学Stark效应和CO偶极耦合的共同作用所引起的。     

粗糙铂电极上甲酸吸附氧化的电化学原位表面增强拉曼光谱研究

采用循环伏安法和电化学原位表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）技术研究甲酸的解离 及附与氧化行为。首次报道了甲酸吸附、解离和氧化的电化学原位SERS谱，发现甲 酸在粗糙铂电极上能自发解离吸附；首欠成功地获得了粗糙铂电极上甲酸吸附解离 的强吸附中间体CO和活性中间体COOH的表面增强拉曼光谱，同时首次检测到甲酸氧 化最终产物CO_2的拉曼光谱信号，从分子水平证实甲酸解离吸附反应的双途径机理 。     

多晶铂电极表面硫吸附物种的原位表面增强拉曼光谱研究(英文)

本工作首次报道了在酸性或碱性电解质中高粗糙度多晶铂电极表面硫物种的吸附、电氧化过程的原位表面增强拉曼光谱研究.分别在两种情况下采集了粗糙铂电极的表面增强拉曼光谱:(a)循环伏安处理后控制一定电位(0.2V)下;(b)逐步控制不同电位.酸性电解质条件下,两种情况均观察到位于300cm-1的Pt—S振动.Pt—S键较强,阻止了氢在铂电极表面的吸附,需多次循环伏安处理才能完全将表面吸附的硫去除.同时还观察到位于470cm-1处的少量多聚S物种(S8或者其他类型).这些多聚S物种仅仅微弱地键合在铂电极的表面,可以容易地除去.在碱性电解质中,同样也在(a)和(b)情况下观察到位于310cm-1的Pt—S振动吸收.本工作了获得了有关硫在粗糙多晶铂电极表面吸附和电氧化重要信息,证明了原位表面增强拉曼光谱在研究铂表面的适用性.     

纯锌电极上的表面增强拉曼光谱研究

通过化学刻蚀、电化学沉积和电化学氧化还原等粗糙方法,寻找合适的条件对锌电极表面进行预处理,以期获得吡啶在纯锌电极上的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS).实验证明,电化学氧化还原处理是最佳的选择.以0.5mol/LNaClO4中性溶液作为电解质溶液,分别进行电化学氧化还原循环和电位阶跃两种处理.结果表明,将还原电位和氧化电位分别控制在-1.6和-0.7V时,利用共焦显微拉曼系统成功地得到了粗糙锌电极表面吸附吡啶的SERS信号.     

乙醇在不同介质中电氧化的原位表面增强拉曼光谱研究

采用常规电化学伏安技术和电化学原位表面增强拉曼光谱(in-situ SERS)技术研究了不同介质中乙醇在粗糙铂电极上的电催化氧化行为. 发现不论在酸性、中性还是碱性介质中, 乙醇均能在粗糙铂电极上自发氧化解离生成强吸附中间体CO; 碱性介质中, CO在粗糙铂电极上基本氧化完全的电位(0.20 V)比中性和酸性介质中(0.50 V)负移了约0.30 V. 而乙醇在粗糙铂电极上CV正向扫描的氧化峰电位(-0.20 V)比酸性介质中(0.65 V)负移了约0.85 V. 比较不同介质中乙醇和CO在粗糙铂电极上的氧化峰电流和峰电位可以发现, 粗糙铂电极在碱性介质中对乙醇和CO的电催化氧化活性比中性和酸性介质中更强; 可以推测, 不论在酸性、中性还是碱性介质中, 乙醇在粗糙铂电极上的氧化过程均按双途径机理进行.     

铂钌电极上乙醇解离吸附与氧化行为的原位SERS研究

应用电化学循环伏安法和原位表面增强拉曼光谱研究了乙醇在Pt-Ru电极上的解离吸附与氧化行为,首次获得了酸性介质中乙醇在Pt-Ru电极上解离吸附的表面拉曼光谱.实验表明:乙醇在粗糙铂和Pt-Ru电极上均能自发地解离出强吸附中间体CO,而且在Pt-Ru电极上,强吸附中间体CO氧化的过电位比在粗糙铂电极上降低了约140mV.初步证实酸性介质中乙醇在Pt-Ru电极上的氧化遵从双途径机理.本研究结果说明,表面增强拉曼光谱技术能拓展到有实用价值的电催化体系.     

甲酸在Pt-Ru/GC电极上氧化的SERS研究

采用循环伏安(CV)法、计时电流法和电化学原位表面增强拉曼散射光谱(SERS)技术研究了甲酸在Pt-Ru/GC电极上的氧化行为, 发现甲酸在Pt-Ru/GC电极上与在粗糙Pt电极上一样, 也能自发解离出强吸附中间体CO和活性中间体—COO－. 从分子水平证实钌的加入有利于提高电极对甲酸的电催化氧化活性, 当镀液中Pt：Ru的摩尔比从10∶1变化到1∶1, CO的氧化峰电位从0.41 V负移至0.35 V, 约负移了60 mV. Pt-Ru/GC(1∶1)电极与粗糙Pt电极相比, CO在电极表面氧化完毕的电位亦负移了约200 mV. 该研究结果表明, 电化学原位表面增强拉曼散射光谱技术可望成为研究电催化反应机理的普适谱学工具.     

Electro-oxidation of o-aminophenol studied by cyclic voltammetry and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)

Cyclic voltammetry and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra were used over a wide pH range to examine the products of o-aminophenol oxidation on a roughened silver electrode. The results of the study indicated that at least two oxidation products are formed at the stationary potential of the electrode. The major product in alkaline and neutral media was identified as 2,2′-dihydroxyazobenzene, a linear dimer formed by N---N coupling of o-aminophenol cation radicals. In acidic solutions the cyclic dimer 3-aminophenoxazone formed by C---N coupling of o-aminophenol cation radicals dominates on the silver electrode.     

几种粗糙铂电极上表面拉曼增强效应初探

Good-quality surface enhanced Raman spectra have been obtained from various roughened Pt electrodes using a confocal Raman measuring system. A new equation is presented to estimate the enhancement factor G for the electrodispersed and platinized Pt electrodes in a pyridine+NaClO4 solution. It is shown that the platinum electrodes undergoing the special roughening procedures exhibit a weak SERS effect with an enhancement factor of 10 to 1.2×102, depending on the surface pretreament.     

Development of Novel Substrates for Surface-enhanced Raman and Surface-enhanced Hyper Raman Spectroscopy

Since its discovery two decades ago, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has been explored extensively as a useful technique in the study of molecular behaviors at interfaces and in chemical and biochemical analysis. At solid-liquid interface, SERS has been practiced mainly in aqueous solution on either aggregated metal colloids or roughened metal electrodes. However, both aggregated metal colloids and roughened electrodes have their own problems as SERS substrates. One of the intriguing questions in exploring SERS application in chemistry is that can SERS-activity be gained and regulated from the dispersed metal nanoparticles immobilized on a SERS-inactive smooth electrode surface. The very essence of this question is to explore the effect on SERS-activity when the main features of two conventional SERS-surfaces, namely metal colloids and electrode, are combined. Same question can also be asked for the nonlinear three-photon surface-enhanced hyper Raman scattering (SEHRS).     

Surface Enhanced Raman Imaging of Adsorbate-Covered SERS Active Gold Nano-Particles

Surface enhanced Raman imaging (SERI), the combination of surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and micro-Raman imaging, has recently been developed as a surface imaging technique. It offers the high sensitivity together with chemical information at high two-dimensional spatial resolution. For example, Yang et al. have reported the study of SERI distribution on a roughened silver electrode in two-dimension. Recently a particular interesting application of this technique in our lab was to image the gold nano-particles, which were deposited on glassy carbon (GC) surfaces.     

金与银电极表面甘氨酸分子吸附作用的SERS光谱研究

本文利用表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)技术研究了甘氨酸在金与银基底表面的吸附作用特征。研究表明甘氨酸分子以COO-的不对称形式吸附于金电极表面,且NH2也是其可能的吸附位点;而在银电极表面,则主要是通过COO-的对称形式而吸附。在此基础上,进一步研究了电极电位与溶液酸碱性对吸附于粗糙化银电极表面甘氨酸分子吸附作用的影响。研究结果表明,甘氨酸分子中去质子化羧基的吸附作用受电位影响较小,而电位对-NH3+吸附作用的影响程度较大。另一方面,溶液pH值对银电极表面的甘氨酸分子吸附行为的影响也较为显著。随着溶液酸性减小羧基倾向于相对于电极表面平行吸附。这是由于随着溶液碱性增大氨基质子化程度的减小,有利于氨基在银电极表面吸附。这将改变分子的吸附构型使其更接近于电极表面。这些变化主要出现在pH值大于10的条件下。     

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering studies of 1,10-phenanthroline adsorption and its surface complexes on a gold electrode

This paper reports on the interface processes of 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) at a roughened Au electrode by surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) for the first time. Both the adsorption and coordination of phen on the roughened gold electrode have been studied. In comparison to the normal Raman spectrum of phen monohydrate, the frequency and relative intensity change significantly in the SERS spectra. As evidenced by cyclic voltammetry, the electrochemical behavior of the Au electrode is strongly modified by the adsorbed phen. It was found that a new pair of redox peaks appeared in the cyclic voltammogram only when both phen and X (X = Cl-, Br-) were present. Information on coordination bonds of Au-N and Au-X as well as on adsorbed bonds of Au-N(ad) and Au-X(ad), was obtained by the SERS spectra. In situ SERS investigations together with electrochemical measurements convincingly prove the formation of surface complexes 1,10-phenAu2X6 or [1,10-phenAuX2]AuX4 during the electro-oxidation process of Au while phen and X coadsorbed on the surface.