粮谷中抑霉唑残留的气相色谱法测定

报道了气相色谱法测定粮谷中抑霉唑残留的方法.选取稻谷、小麦、燕麦和黍(大黄米)4种粮谷产品为研究对象,考察了不同类型检测器、不同提取体系、不同淋洗曲线和不同离心时间的破乳效率对抑霉唑测定的影响.试样以正己烷-乙酸乙酯(体积比1 ∶ 1 )提取,经毛细管气相色谱柱HP-5(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm)分离, μ-ECD检测器测定.方法检出限为0.005 mg/kg (S/N=3).添标水平为0.01、0.05、0.25和0.50 mg/kg时平均回收率为82% ～111%,相对标准偏差为5.5% ～11.5%.线性范围为0.05 ～1.0 mg/L(r2=0.999 4).该方法快速、灵敏、准确,适合粮谷中抑霉唑残留的测定.     

液相色谱-质谱法同时测定甜瓜样品中的噻菌灵、甲基托布津、扑海因

采用液相色谱-质谱法同时测定甜瓜样品中的噻菌灵、甲基托布津和扑海因含量。离子化技术采用大气压电喷雾( )方式,定量测定使用选择离子监测模式。检测离子m／x：202．25、343．28、331．07。检出限：噻菌灵为0．1pg,甲基托布津为10．2pg,扑海因为2．42ng;回收率为81．0％～110％;相对标准偏差为1．5％～16．8％。方法灵敏度高,选择性好,准确度高,用于甜瓜样品中噻菌灵、甲基托布津、扑海因的测定,获得了满意的结果。     

杀菌剂抑霉唑在梨子中残留动态分析

提出了通过液-液萃取,而后用气相色谱方法测定梨中抑霉唑残留量的方法.对已报道的样品提取、纯化方法进行了改进.本试验以丙酮作提取剂,经乙酸乙酯萃取,用高灵敏度气相色谱μ-ECD检测器测定.方法检出限为0.01 mg/kg,平均回收率为80.5%～111.8%,相对标准偏差为0.3%～3.3%.该法可用于梨肉和梨皮中抑霉唑残留量的测定.同时,还对抑霉唑由梨皮向梨肉的迁移,在梨体上的降解等动态进行了测定.     

荔枝中抑霉唑和嘧霉胺残留量的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定荔枝中抑霉唑和嘧霉胺的方法,对提取试剂、流动相、质谱条件进行了研究,并对抑霉唑和嘧霉胺可能的断裂机理进行了推测。待测样品直接用乙腈提取,采用电喷雾离子源(ESI)、多反应监测正离子模式扫描,外标法定量。抑霉唑、嘧霉胺的质量浓度在1.00～20.0μg/L范围内与峰面积呈良好线性,方法的检出限为0.005mg/kg;添加水平为0.005、0.010、0.020mg/kg时抑霉唑和嘧霉胺的平均回收率分别为91%～96%和83%～90%,相对标准偏差分别为6.5%～8.4%和9.5%～11.1%。该方法快速、简便、准确,可用于荔枝中抑霉唑和嘧霉胺残留量的定性与定量检测。     

杀菌剂中抑霉唑含量的离子对高效液相色谱分析

选用庚烷磺酸钠作离子对试剂 ,拟定了杀菌剂中抑霉唑及其硫酸盐的反相离子对HPLC测定方法。讨论了离子对的形成过程 ,pH值对离子对形成的影响 ,推导了流动相pH值计算公式 ,估算了流动相的pH值范围 ,确定了色谱柱为EclipseXDB C815 0mm× 4 .6mm ,流动相为甲醇 :含 12mmol/L庚烷磺酸钠的 2 5mmol/L磷酸盐缓冲溶液 (pH≈ 2 .8) =6 2∶38(V/V) ,测定波长为 2 2 5nm的分析条件。方法的检出限为 7.1× 10 -4μg ;线性范围为 8.0× 10 -3 ～ 4 .0 μg ,实验结果线性关系良好 ;相关系数r =0 .9998。方法用于杀菌剂样中抑霉唑及其硫酸盐的测定 ,回收率 99.7% ,结果满意     

气相色谱质谱联用法同时测定果蔬中5种防腐杀菌剂

建立了果蔬中5种防腐杀菌荆(噻苯咪唑、邻苯基苯酚、联苯胺、抑霉唑、联苯)同时测定的气相色谱质谱联用法.样品用V(丙酮):V(乙酸乙酯)=50:50超声萃取,脱水,浓缩定容,经GC/MS分析.5种防腐杀菌剂分离良好并排除了样品中杂质峰的干扰,加标平均回收率为96.7%～104.7%之间,相对标准偏差为1.5%～4.25%.检出限0.5～1.5μg/L.     

离心破乳-气相色谱法测定黑米中残留抑霉唑的研究

报道了离心破乳-气相色谱法测定黑米中残留抑霉唑的方法. 考察了不同离心速率、不同离心时间的破乳效率. 试样以V(正己烷):V(乙酸乙酯)＝1:1提取, 经毛细管气相色谱柱HP-5 (30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm)分离, μ-ECD检测器测定. 方法检出限为1.0×10-3 mg/kg (S/N=3). 在添标水平0.05、 0.25和0.50 mg/kg时的平均回收率为92.3%～104.3%, 相对标准偏差为6.9%～9.3%. 线性范围为0.02～1.0 mg/L (r2=0.9994). 方法适合黑米中残留抑霉唑的测定.     

PSA分散固相萃取和离子对液相色谱测定蔬菜中苯并咪唑类残留的研究

建立了蔬菜中多菌灵、甲基硫菌灵、噻菌灵3种苯并眯唑类杀菌剂及其有毒代谢物2-氨基苯并咪唑残留的离子对液相色谱测定方法.样品用乙腈提取和无水硫酸镁盐析后,上层乙腈经PSA和无水硫酸镁混合振荡离心除去杂质和乙腈层中残余水分,再加入离子对试剂,用反相离子对高效液相色谱分离测定.多菌灵、甲基硫菌灵、噻菌灵的添标回收率在80%～110%之间,2.氨基苯并咪唑的回收率在70%～85%之间.多菌灵、甲基硫菌灵、噻菌灵和2-氨基苯并咪唑在实际样品中的检出限分别为0.07、0.09、0.05、0.10 mg/kg.     

柱前衍生—反相高效液相色谱法测定钢铁及合金中铌

建立了反相液相色谱法测定钢铁及合金中铌的分析方法。采用HNO3 HF H2 SO4 溶解样品 ,用酒石酸络合铌 ,以 2 (5 溴 2 吡啶偶氮 ) 5 二乙基氨基酚为柱前衍生试剂 ,在C18柱上用甲醇 水 (体积比为 5 6∶4 4 )为流动相 ,其中含 0 .0 1mol·L- 1pH为 3.5的HOAc NaOAc缓冲液。在60 0nm处测定了铌的配合物 ,方法检出限为 1.5 μg·g- 1。应用此法直接测定了合金铸铁和中低合金钢样品中铌 ,其加标回收率为 96.8%～ 10 3.2 %     

高效液相色谱法测定硝基涂料中的增塑剂邻苯二甲酸酯类

建立了用高效液相色谱法测定硝基涂料中的邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物的方法。样品待挥发性有机物挥发后,用乙醇提取其中的邻苯二甲酸酯类,直接用HPLC分析,外标法定量。该方法的精密度为2 05%～4 93%,回收率为79 5%～106 0%,检出限为DMP0 14ng,DEP0 22ng,DBP0.61ng。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.     

Copper-catalyzed multicomponent reactions of 2-iodoanilines,benzylamines, and elemental sulfur toward 2-arylbenzothiazoles

A relatively cheap copper salt-catalyzed, three-component approach providing 2-arylbenzothiazoles in good to excellent yields from readily available 2-iodoanilines, benzylamines, and sulfur powder is reported. This methodology allows preparation of various classes of 2-arylbenzothiazoles and provides a general, reliable approach.