Gaussian 03软件在染料化学教学中的应用

讨论了Gaussian 03在染整课程中的具体应用,尤其对结构的稳定性、振动频率、染料颜色和结构的关系、分子的电荷布局在化学反应中的应用进行具体介绍.这些应用极大的丰富了课堂教学内容,提高教学质量.     

纳米材料修饰电极在电化学分析中的应用研究进展

综述了纳米材料修饰电极在电化学分析中的应用研究.主要总结了国内外纳米金属材料、纳米金属氧化物材料、碳纳米管与碳纳米管复合物以及其他纳米材料在电化学分析中的应用研究,并指出了纳米材料修饰电极在电化学分析应用中存在的问题.     

近两年国内气相色谱的应用进展(Ⅲ)

对近两年国内各个领域的学者在气相色谱方面的研究和应用作了综述,本综述分3部分叙述,本篇为第 部分,包括:8.气相色谱在食品功效成分和其他成分分析中的应用,9.气相色谱酒分析中的应用,1 0 .气相色谱在污染物分析中的应用,1 1 .气相色谱在石油、石油化工分析中的应用,1 2 .气相色谱在化学品生产分析中的应用     

近年国内固相萃取-色谱分析的进展

对近两年国内各个领域的学者在使用固相萃取做样品前处理的色谱分析方面的研究和应用作了综述, 这一综述包括10个部分: 1. 国内近两年有关固相萃取的综述报告;2. 固相萃取-色谱分析在水质分析中的应用;3. 固相萃取-色谱分析在奶制品和肉类食品分析中的应用;4. 固相萃取-色谱用于蔬菜和水果中有害物质分析的应用;5. 固相萃取-色谱用于粮食和其他食品中有害物质分析的应用;6. 固相萃取-色谱在血药浓度、体液及组织中有害物质分析中的应用;7. 固相萃取-色谱在药物分析中的应用;8. 固相萃取-色谱在其他使用色谱分析中的应用;9. 基质固相分散在色谱分析中的应用;10. 分子印迹SPE在样品前处理中的应用.     

阳极氰化反应的研究进展

本文综述了近30年来阳极氰化反应在有机电合成中的应用,主要回顾了阳极氰化胺、阳极氰化杂环化合物和阳极氰化芳香化合物的研究.此外,还报道了乳化技术在阳极氰化反应中的应用.     

毛细管电泳技术在氨基酸分析中的研究进展

对毛细管电泳技术在氨基酸分析中的研究进展进行了综述,分析了直接法和衍生法对氨基酸进行分析的优缺点,详细叙述了毛细管电泳中的紫外、激光诱导荧光、电化学及质谱等检测方法在氨基酸分析中的应用,并重点总结了毛细管电泳在手性氨基酸分离中的应用.     

模式识别在食品质量控制方面的应用进展

本文介绍了食品质量研究中常用的一些化学模式识别方法的基本原理,并介绍了模式识别结合红外、原子吸收、原子发射、气相色谱、液相色谱、质谱、电子鼻传感器等检测技术在食品质量控制中的应用.对化学计量学在食品质量控制中的应用前景作了展望.     

环糊精衍生物在液相有机合成中的应用

综述了环糊精(包括α-环糊精、β-环糊精和y-环糊精)衍生物在液相有机合成中的应用,主要包括其作为人工合成酶、超分子光学手性源、亲偶极体和微通道反应器在氧化、水解、还原、光催化异构化、1,3-偶极环加成等反应中的应用.其中环糊精衍生物作为人工合成酶应用最广,该催化剂中起催化作用的为环糊精衍生物的修饰基团.与环糊精母体相比,修饰基团的引入增加了环糊精分子中官能团的种类和数量,拓展了环糊精在液相有机合成中的应用,并提高了催化反应的催化活性和选择性.     

基于免疫胶体金标记技术的检测研究及其在堆肥中的应用展望

金纳米颗粒作为一种性能优异的标记物应用广泛.随后发展出来的免疫胶体金标记技术作为一种灵敏度高、操作步骤简便、检测快速的免疫反应检测技术得到广泛关注.本文介绍了免疫胶体金标记技术的基本原理、制备方法并详述了近年来该技术的新发展.此外,结合免疫胶体金标记技术在免疫检测与环境检测实际工作中的应用,展望了其在堆肥环境检测中的应用潜力和发展前景.     

离子液体在生物柴油合成中的应用进展

介绍了合成生物柴油常用的酯交换方法以及离子液体的定义、结构、性质和制备方法, 简单描述了酸性离子液体作为催化剂在酯化反应中的应用, 综述了离子液体在生物柴油合成中的应用进展并展望了其应用前景.     

Synthesis and Steric Structure of 1, 5-Benzothiazepine-Phenyl-β-Lactams

l,5-BenzothiazepinesIpossesspotentialbiologicalactivitives.'-'Cycloadditionreactionsofthecompoundswithacidhandespermittheconstructionofnewcyclicsystemf0-lactamring.The0-lactammoietymaymodifythebiologicalactivityofi,5-benzothiazepinesormaybringneweffe...     

新型含巴比妥酸的芳香酰腙类化合物的合成、晶体结构及抑菌活性

在微波辅助下,1,3-二甲基-5-醛基巴比妥酸与芳氧基/芳胺基乙酰肼及含氮杂环乙酰肼缩合制备新型酰腙化合物,并对其抑菌活性进行评价的研究。新化合物的结构经过元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振谱、质谱和X射线单晶衍射等技术手段确认。体外的抑菌活性实验显示,部分目标化合物呈现出优于环丙沙星的抑菌活性。经过构效关系分析表明,当芳基为含氮杂环时,所形成的化合物抗菌活性与芳基为苯环时相比明显较强,抑菌活性最强的酰腙化合物2t对金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)值为0.8 g/L,对大肠杆菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)值为1.6 g/L。     

Detection of 28 neurotransmitters and related compounds in biological fluids by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry

This work presents two liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) acquisition modes: multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) and neutral loss scan (NL), for the analysis of 28 compounds in a mixture. This mixture includes 21 compounds related to the metabolism of three amino acids: tyrosine, tryptophan and glutamic acid, two pterins and five deuterated compounds used as internal standards. The identification of compounds is achieved using the retention times (RT) and the characteristic fragmentations of ionized compounds. The acquisition modes used for the detection of characteristic ions turned out to be complementary: the identification of expected compounds only is feasible by MRM while expected and unexpected compounds are detected by NL. In the first part of this work, the fragmentations characterizing each molecule of interest are described. These fragmentations are used in the second part for the detection by MRM and NL of selected compounds in mixture with and without biological fluids. Any preliminary extraction precedes the analysis of compounds in biological fluids.     

The Analysis of Sulfur Compounds by Solid Adsorbent Tenax GR Preconcentration and Gas Chromatography with Flameless Sulfur Chemiluminescence Detection

Gas chromatography using flameless sulfur chemiluminescence detection was applied to the analysis of sulfur compounds in air. A trap employing the solid adsorbent Tenax GR was used to enrich ambient levels of volatile sulfur compounds. The sulfur gases were then thermally released according to programmed temperature from the adsorbent trap and re-collected in a column cooled with liquid nitrogen. The sulfur compounds were revolatilized and directly transferred to the system of PLOT-column gas chromatograph/flameless sulfur chemiluminescence detector for analysis. The PTV injector has been used as a thermal resorption chamber for analysis of sulfur compounds. The sulfur gaseous compounds known to cause nuisance odors in the air from sewerage treatment works were determined.     

Fast analysis of volatile organic compounds and disinfection by-products in drinking water using solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry

A fast method was developed for the extraction and analysis of volatile organic compounds, including disinfection by-products (DBPs), with headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) techniques. A GC/time-of-flight (TOF)-MS instrument, which had fast acquisition rates and powerful deconvolution software, was used. Under optimum conditions total runtime was 45s. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including purgeable A and B compounds (listed in US Environmental Protection Agency method 624), were identified in standard water samples. Extraction times were 1min for more volatile compounds and 2min for less volatile compounds. The method was applied to the analysis of water samples treated under different disinfection processes and the results were compared with those from a liquid-liquid extraction method.     

Characterization of gingerol-related compounds in ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

This study sought to determine the utility of liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS) coupled with diode array detection in identifying gingerol-related compounds from crude extracts of ginger rhizome. The fragmentation behaviors of compounds in both (-)- and (+)ESI-MS/MS were used to infer and confirm the chemical structures of several groups of compounds, including the gingerols, methylgingerols, gingerol acetates, shogaols, paradols, gingerdiols, mono- and diacetyl gingerdiols, and dehydrogingerdiones. Diode array detection at different wavelengths was used to confirm MS/MS-based identification. In total, 31 gingerol-related compounds were identified from the methanolic crude extracts of fresh ginger rhizome in this study. Three of these compounds were found to be new compounds. This study demonstrated that LC/ESI-MS/MS is a powerful on-line tool for identification of gingerol-related compounds, especially for thermally labile compounds that cannot be readily detected by GC/MS analysis.     

Das Verhalten der Alkalimetalle zu den Metallen der Gruppe III B

The following binary systems have been investigated by thermal analysis: Li/Ga, Rb/Ga, Cs/Ga, Li/In, Na/In, K/In, Rb/In, Cs/In, K/Tl, Rb/Tl, Cs/Tl. The intermetallic compounds found by thermal analysis have been confirmed by measurements of the atomic volumes. Furthermore use was made of X—ray powder diagrams; These showed too many reflexes so that an evaluation was not possible. The compounds are listed in “Inhaltsübersicht”. The underlined phases are melting congruently; the other ones are formed by peritectic reactions; as usual the composition of these compounds is not certain. Finally a survey is given of the systems of the alkaline metals with Al and the elements of the IIIB group.     

Synthesis and bioactivity of novel 3-(1-hydroxyethylidene)-5-substituted-pyrrolidine-2,4-dione derivatives

Ten novel 5-substituted derivatives of 3-(l-hydroxyethylidene)pyrrolidine-2,4-dione were synthesized.The compounds were confirmed by IR,:H NMR,MS and elemental analysis.The bioassay indicated that these compounds showed noticeable herbicidal activities,and compounds 6f and 6j exhibited excellent inhibitory activities against the stalk of Echinochloa crusgalli,with EC50 values of 94.4 and 72.7 mg/L,respectively.     

Use of liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry to identify diarylheptanoids in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) rhizome

LC-ESI-MS/MS coupled to DAD analysis was used as an on-line tool for identification of diarylheptanoids in fresh turmeric rhizome extracts. Based on their mass spectra, from both negative and positive mode LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis, and supported by their DAD spectra, 19 diarylheptanoids were identified. Among these 19 compounds, curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin were identified by comparing their chromatographic and spectral data with those of authentic standard compounds. The other diarylheptanoid compounds were identified or tentatively identified based on comparison to the three curcuminoids and each other. Twelve of the identified diarylheptanoids have not been previously reported from turmeric and six of these are new compounds.     

Synthesis and biological evaluation of 4-methyl-1,2,3- thiadiazole-5-carboxaldehyde benzoyl hydrazone derivatives

To find new lead compounds with high biological activity,a series of novel 4-methyl-1,2,3-thiadiazole-5-carboxaldehyde benzoyl hydrazone derivatives were designed and synthesized.Their structures were confirmed by ~1H NMR,~(13)C NMR,IR spectrum and elemental analysis.Preliminary bioassay indicated that the title compounds exhibited moderate to strong fungicidal activity against six fungi in vitro at50 μg/mL.Moreover,some of the title compounds exhibited good curative activity against TMV in vivo at500 μg/mL.The structure-activity relationship analysis of compounds against Valsa mali showed that compounds containing halogen at the para position on phenyl exhibited the best activity.Especially compound 8k showed broad spectrum fungicidal activities against Valsa mali,Botrytis cinerea,Pythium aphamdermatum,Rhizoctonia solani,Fusarium moniliforme and Altemaria solani with the EC_(50) values of8.20,24.42,15.80,40.53,41.48,and 34.16 μg/mL,respectively.