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1.
快速气相色谱法测定蔬菜中菊酯类农药残留量   总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19  
王兆基  李伟安 《分析化学》1998,26(10):1247-1250
采用一种较快速,简单的方法测定蔬菜中菊酯类农药残留物。样本中农残经乙酸酯萃取,凝胶渗透色谱及固相提取净化后,用气相色谱-电子捕获检测器测定,色谱柱为HP-5小口长石英毛细管柱。本法对6种常用菊酯类农药的回收率范围为89.6%-99.7%,检测限为0.04mg/kg。对同一批普施用菊酯类农药的白菜样本进行化验,本法跟美国食物及药品管理局农药残留标准测定方法所得结果非常吻合。  相似文献   

2.
毛细管气相色谱法测定牛奶中有机氯和有机磷农药残留量   总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18  
王兆基 《分析化学》1998,26(2):158-161
采用一个较快速、简单的方法测定牛血中有机氯和有机磷农药残留物。牛奶中农残经氯仿萃取和固相提取净化后,分别用气相色谱-电子捕获检测器和气相色谱-火焰光度检测器直接测定,色谱柱为HP-1接HP-5、DB17大口径石英毛细管柱。本法对17种有机氯农残的回收效率范围为71.2% ̄99.7%,检测限为0.5 ̄9μg/kg。而11种有机磷农残的回收率范围为70.1% ̄96.1%,检测限则为0.01 ̄0.04m  相似文献   

3.
洋葱中含有许多对人类有用的成分包括:水分、蛋白、脂肪、膳食纤维、碳水化合物、胡萝卜素、视黄醇、硫胺素、核黄素、抗坏血酸、维生素总E、K、Na、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Zn等[1].近来的许多研究表明,洋葱具有消炎抑菌,预防心血管疾病、糖尿病等生物活性[2].由于洋葱的医疗价值和保健作用,洋葱现在已经成为人们喜爱的蔬菜,受到人们的重视,尤其在欧美,洋葱被称为"蔬菜皇后".目前,国内外对洋葱的研究越来越多,但是主要集中在研究它的生物活性和成分上[2-4].由于洋葱中合有油类物质,因此给农药残留分析带来许多困难.至今,对洋葱中的农药残留分析还未有成熟的方法.目前,用气相色谱分析多组分农药残留的报道已经有了很多[5,6],关于用双检测器分析多组分农药残留的研究,已越来越引起研究人员的关注[7-9].Jatiender Kumar Dubey等[7]用GC-NPD和GC-ECD检测了食品中乙烯基硫脲的含量.Jiménez等[8]利用GC-NPD和GC-ECD分析了蜂蜜中的农药残留.但是用GC-FPD和GC-ECD分析洋葱中的农药残留还未见报道.本文报道了一种简便、快速的洋葱中多种有机磷和菊酯类农药残留的提取净化及其双柱双检测器测定方法.采用乙睛提取洋葱中的农药,二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯(20:1,V:V)为淋洗剂,经过Florisil和活性炭净化后,用气相色谱-火焰光度检测器和气相色谱-电子捕获检测器分别直接测定各种农药残留含量.结果表明,采用程序升温,所测定的有机磷和菊酯类农药在DB-1701和BPX608弹性石英毛细管柱上得到了很好的分离,且方法快速、灵敏,完全符合实际应用需要.各种农药的加标回收率范围为86.3~103%,变异系数范围为0.67~4.6%,最低检测浓度范围为0.001~0.005 mg/kg.  相似文献   

4.
建立快速测定儿童驱蚊扣中菊酯类残留的气相色谱法。以甲醇为萃取溶剂,萃取液经中性氧化铝固相萃取小柱净化,以乙酸乙酯为洗脱溶剂,洗脱液经旋转蒸发浓缩后,用电子捕获检测器检测,外标法定量。8种菊酯类化合物的质量浓度在0.05~1.00 mg/L范围内与色谱峰面积成良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.998,检出限为0.48~2.90μg/L。3个加标水平样品的平均回收率为93.8%~119.7%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.88%~6.43%(n=5)。该方法样品前处理简便,准确度和精密度良好,可用于驱蚊扣产品中菊酯类物质的检测。  相似文献   

5.
采用柱前衍生-气相色谱法测定橡皮擦中的甲醛。样品经粉碎,过0.180mm筛后,称取2.000 0g,用20mL水于70℃浸提20min,冷却后再超声提取30min,离心。10.0mL提取液中加入2,4-二硝基苯肼0.5mL,于70℃衍生反应15min,冷却后用5mL甲苯萃取2次,萃取液经DB-5色谱柱分离,采用电子捕获检测器对甲醛衍生物进行检测。甲醛的线性范围为0.105~10.5mg·L~(-1),检出限(3S/N)为0.01mg·L~(-1),加标回收率在88.6%~92.4%之间。测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为2.1%。应用该方法测得32种橡皮擦样品中的甲醛的质量比在0.135~48.5mg·kg~(-1)之间。  相似文献   

6.
环境空气中痕量硝基苯测定方法研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
建立了Tenax富集-气相色谱仪测定环境空气中痕量硝基苯的方法。用Tenax采样管吸附环境空气中的痕量硝基苯,用1.0mL石油醚淋洗解析吸附的硝基苯,用气相色谱-电子捕获检测器进行检测,外标法定量,线性相关系数为0.9992,平均回收率为95.9%~97.1%,RSD不大于5.2%(n=5)。按采样10L计算,检出限为0.0002mg/m3,经实际样品测定完全能满足环境空气中痕量硝基苯监测的要求。  相似文献   

7.
建立分散固相萃取-气相色谱法测定中药材桔梗中11种有机氯农药的残留量的测定方法。采用Agilent Sampliq QuEChERS分散固相萃取包进行样品处理。色谱条件为:HP-1701弹性石英毛细管色谱柱(30 m×0.32mm,25μm),进样口温度为250℃,检测器为Ni63电子捕获检测器,检测器温度为300℃,不分流进样,程序升温,高纯氮气为载气。8种有机氯农药在0.02~0.2 mg/L范围内与色谱峰面积线性关系良好(r0.999),其检出限范围为0.0015~0.0098 mg/kg,该方法的回收率为82.3%~104.1%,相对标准偏差不大于2.5%(n=5)。  相似文献   

8.
蜂蜜中氟胺氰菊酯残留量的测定   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
蜂蜜样品经过碱解、溶剂提取、固相萃取净化处理后 ,用配有双柱双电子捕获检测器的气相色谱仪测定其中氟胺氰菊酯的残留量。利用气相色谱 -质谱联用仪验证了氟胺氰菊酯的两个旋光异构体的存在。通过 0 .0 1、0 .1和 0 .2mg/kg 3个水平的添加实验 ,在HP - 5 0 + 和HP - 1色谱柱上测定 ,回收率分别为 86 .3% 95 .37%、82 .83% 91.4 % ,检出限分别为 0 .0 0 7、0 .0 0 3mg/kg ,RSD <5 % (n =3)。  相似文献   

9.
气相色谱法测定食品包装材料中微量甲醛   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
建立了食品包装材料中微量甲醛的气相色谱检测方法.样品浸泡液经2,4-二硝基苯肼(DNPH)衍生,正己烷萃取衍生反应物后,气相色谱-电子捕获检测器法测定.采用乙腈多次重结晶法提纯衍生剂(DNPH),以降低DNPH中含有的甲醛衍生产物,避免影响测定;探讨了衍生化反应的条件以及色谱条件.甲醛的残留在0.05~50 mg/L的范围内线性关系良好,检出限为0.05 mg/kg,相对标准偏差为2.7%~5.0%,回收率范围在88.6%~98.0%之间.  相似文献   

10.
大孔径毛细管气相色谱法快速测定饮料中的氯胺酮   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
许庆琴 《化学研究》2001,12(4):45-46
采用固相萃取技术 ,以二十二烷为内标 ,FID检测器 ,建立了一种测定饮料中的氯胺酮的大孔径毛细管气相色谱新方法 .测定结果表明氯胺酮的线性范围为 0 0 2mg/L - 6 4mg/L ,其最低检测浓度为 0 0 2mg/L ,相对标准偏差为 2 6 % ,平均回收率为 85 6 % .该法简便 ,准确 ,重现性好 ,结果令人满意  相似文献   

11.
In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.  相似文献   

12.
KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.  相似文献   

13.
The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.  相似文献   

14.
Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.  相似文献   

15.
16.
A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.  相似文献   

17.
The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp3)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp2)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp2)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp3)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp3)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp2)?H insertion.  相似文献   

18.
Quercetin, the polyphenolic compound, which has the highest daily intake, is well known for its protective effects against aging diseases and has received a lot of attention for this reason. Both quercetin 3-O-β-d-glucuronide and quercetin 3′-O-β-d-glucuronide are human metabolites, which, together with their regioisomers, are required for biological as well as physical chemistry studies. We present here a novel synthetic route based on the sequential and selective protections of the hydroxyl functions of quercetin allowing selective glycosylation, followed by TEMPO-mediated oxidation to the glucuronide. This methodology enabled us to synthesize the five O-β-d-glucosides and four O-β-d-glucuronides of quercetin, including the major human metabolite, quercetin 3-O-β-d-glucuronide.  相似文献   

19.
The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.  相似文献   

20.
A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.  相似文献   

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