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1.
以碳黑为第二模板剂在氟离子体系中一步水热合成了多级结构MCM-22分子筛组装体(简称为MCM-22-FC).考察了碳黑和氟离子对MCM-22分子筛形貌和催化性能的影响.MCM-22-FC分子筛是由大量片状晶体交错生长形成的组装体结构,其中MCM-22的片层结构更薄,在其固有的微孔中存在的晶间孔呈现大孔和介孔的特征.MCM-22-FC负载Mo后得到的Mo/MCM-22-FC催化剂在甲烷无氧芳构化反应(MDA)中提高了苯收率和芳烃选择性,并且提高了催化剂的寿命.通过氨气程序升温脱附(NH3-TPD)表征,吡啶红外(Py-IR)表征,结合热重(TG)分析,得出的结论是Mo/MCM-22-FC在MDA中优越的催化性能是由于氟离子进入到分子筛骨架当中,形成具有拉电子效应的结构单元,从而提高了分子筛的Br鰊sted酸量,较多的Br鰊sted酸性位将更多的Mo物种迁移至分子筛孔道内部,形成更多的MoCx或MoOxCy活性物种以及更有利于大分子产物扩散的MCM-22薄片层的结构.少量过剩的Br鰊sted酸性位在成型后保留在Mo/HMCM-22-FC催化剂活性中心抑制了积碳的形成,也有助于改善芳烃的选择性.  相似文献   

2.
以MFI沸石前驱体作为基本结构单元组装介孔硅铝分子筛MSU-SMFI. XRD和氮气吸附数据表明MSU-SMFI具有类似MCM-41的六方排列介孔孔道结构,而且其织构参数和以传统方法合成的含铝MCM-41也大体相当.NH3-TPD显示由沸石前驱体组装的MSU-SMFI较硅铝比相同的含铝MCM-41介孔分子筛的固体酸量显著提高.MSU-SMFI上的异丙苯催化裂化转化率比含铝MCM-41提高31%, 1,3,5-三异丙苯在MSU-SMFI上也发生了更深的裂解. MSU-SMFI上萘的叔丁基化的转化率比含铝MCM-41提高了15%.以沸石前驱体作为基本结构单元是提高介孔分子筛固体酸性的有效方法.  相似文献   

3.
利用天然气生产芳烃是一个有吸引力的课题,这个过程需要具有高性能活性位点的催化剂,以活化稳定的碳氢键.在甲烷直接转化方法中,将甲烷无氧脱氢芳构化(MDA)转化为高附加值芳烃(如苯、甲苯和萘)是甲烷增值的有效途径.本研究采用MoO3纳米带作为Mo源,微孔分子筛MCM-22作为载体制备双功能Mo基催化剂,结果表明MoO3纳米带高度分散在分子筛内部,与分子筛中Br?nsted酸中心结合形成有效活性中心,改善了甲烷无氧脱氢芳构化反应的催化活性,提高了催化剂的稳定性.在甲烷无氧脱氢芳构化反应测试中,当MoO3纳米带的负载量质量分数为6%时,N-Mo-HMCM-22催化剂催化的甲烷转化率达到14.1%,苯产率可达8.2%.本研究为合成高性能、稳定的MDA催化剂提供了一种更为简易的策略.  相似文献   

4.
对不同硅铝比的MCM-22分子筛进行气相硅烷化处理,并采用X射线衍射、固体核磁、N2吸附-脱附和甲苯吸附等技术对样品进行了表征. 结果显示,原料硅铝比为50~100的MCM-22分子筛均可以利用气相硅烷化,在不脱除骨架铝的基础上,将Si(OH)2柱撑结构引入其层间超笼系统,从而使层间距增大,孔体积增加; 将密度泛函理论用于计算硅烷化前后的MCM-22分子筛的N2吸附等温线,成功得到十元环孔道和超笼体系的比表面积和孔体积,发现气相硅烷化使MCM-22分子筛超笼体系的比表面积和孔体积增大,而十元环孔道减小.另外,气相硅烷化可有效提高不同硅铝比MCM-22分子筛的甲苯平衡吸附量.  相似文献   

5.
用柠檬酸配位燃烧法合成了Mn1-x(Li,Ti)xCo2O4系列尖晶石型复合氧化物催化剂,使用FTIR和XRD方法对催化剂结构进行表征,通过程序升温氧化反应(TPO)技术对这些催化剂在模拟柴油机尾气条件下进行同时消除NOx和柴油碳黑反应的活性评价。结果表明,掺杂Li或Ti后的Mn1-x(Li,Ti)xCo2O4系列催化剂仍然保持了完整的尖晶石型复合氧化物结构,这些催化剂对同时消除柴油机尾气中的碳黑颗粒和NOx具有良好的催化性能,其中Li或Ti的掺杂量为x=0.05较佳,结合碳黑燃烧与NOx还原总的催化效果,Mn0.95Li0.05Co2O4具有最好的催化活性。  相似文献   

6.
采用沉淀法、水热法、热分解法和浸渍法制备了CoxZr1-xO2催化剂。通过热重(TG)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能量散射X射线光谱(EDS)、N2吸附/脱附测试等手段对催化剂的理化性质进行了表征。结果表明,水热法制备的催化剂CoxZr1-xO2-H(1∶1)中的钴、锆的分散性好、颗粒均匀、孔结构发达,比表面积可达到102 m2·g-1,氧化甲苯和甲醛的活性优于其他催化剂,其表观活化能为65.2和53.6 kJ·mol-1。CoxZr1-xO2-H(1∶1)的优异催化性能与物种的分散度及协同效应、比表面积和孔结构有关。控制Co-Zr催化剂的制备方法可以获得良好的物化性能。  相似文献   

7.
钛硅(TS-1)分子筛的微孔孔道严重限制了其在复杂分子催化转化中的应用,为了克服这一问题,通过酸洗脱、碱刻蚀及二者相结合的方法制备了多级孔 TS-1 分子筛,并采用等体积共浸渍法制备了相应的 NiMo 负载型催化剂;使用 X 射线衍射(XRD)、N2吸附-脱附、吡啶吸附红外光谱(Py-FTIR)、氢气程序升温还原(H2-TPR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和高分辨透射电子显微镜(HR-TEM)等方法对多级孔TS-1分子筛的理化性质进行了表征;以二苯并噻吩(DBT)为探针对催化剂的加氢脱硫(HDS)性能进行了评价。结果表明,和常规TS-1分子筛相比,多级孔TS-1分子筛保持了MFI拓扑结构,比表面积增大且具有介孔结构,分子筛表面形成了适量的Brønsted酸中心;相应催化剂上活性金属与载体间相互作用得以改善,MoS2片晶长度和堆垛层数适宜,形成了更多的 NiMoS活性相;催化剂活性和选择性均有所提升,尤其是酸洗脱获得的 NiMo/AT-TS-1催化剂的活性相较未经处理的NiMo/TS-1催化剂提升了1.2倍,直接脱硫(DDS)路径选择性提升了22%。  相似文献   

8.
采用两步水热晶化法,通过在合成体系中加入硼酸、氟化铵、氟硼酸铵,合成出了硼和氟改性的ZSM-5分子筛。利用X射线衍射、氮气吸附-脱附、29Si固体核磁共振波谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜以及NH3程序升温脱附等测试手段对样品进行了表征。结果表明:硼和氟掺杂条件下可以合成具有较高结晶度的ZSM-5分子筛,杂原子掺杂提高了分子筛的硅铝比;硼和氟掺杂可以显著降低ZSM-5分子筛的Lewis酸量,但提高了Brønsted酸量;硼和氟共同作用可以降低ZSM-5分子筛的颗粒尺寸。甲醇制丙烯评价结果显示:较低的Lewis酸量和适宜的Brønsted酸性有利于提高丙烯选择性和催化剂寿命;NH4BF4改性的ZSM-5分子筛(Z5-BF2)表现出较高的丙烯选择性和较长的催化剂寿命。  相似文献   

9.
用酸中和法制备了活性γ-Al2O3, 并在其表面负载SO3得到固体酸催化剂SO3/γ-Al2O3, 用XRD, TG-DTA, FT-IR,NMR, NH3-TPD等对其进行了结构和酸性研究. 结果表明: 在SO3/γ-Al2O3的制备过程中形成少量的Al2(SO4)3, 同时SO3与γ-Al2O3表面上的羟基反应, 形成强的Brönsted酸位, 根据1H/27Al 双共振(TRAPDOR)MAS NMR与FT-IR实验结果提出了Brönsted酸结构模型. SO3/γ-Al2O3表面存在两种不同强度的酸中心, 其酸强度大于分子筛HZSM-5, 但弱于传统的固体超强酸 /γ-Al2O3.  相似文献   

10.
FexOy/SBA-15介孔分子筛的合成以及性能研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
在酸性溶液中利用溶胶凝胶-pH值控制两步法直接合成FexOy/SBA-15介孔分子筛,同时利用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、小角度X射线衍射(Low-angle XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)以及振动样品磁强计(VSM)对制备的各种SBA-15介孔分子筛进行结构以及性能的测试、表征。结果显示FexOy均匀地分散在SBA-15的骨架中,而且会对SBA-15介孔分子筛起钉轧作用。而后着重研究了FexOy的加入对SBA-15介孔分子筛的热稳定性、催化特性以及磁学性能的影响。FexOy的引入可以增加制备的SBA-15介孔分子筛的热稳定性;FexOy的引入可以改善SBA-15介孔分子筛的催化活性,得到了开口的、石墨化程度较好的纳米碳管。FexOy的引入使SBA-15介孔分子筛具有明显的铁磁性。  相似文献   

11.
A comparison of methane dehydroaromatization (MDA) on 6Mo/MCM-22 and 6Mo/ZSM-5 was carried out using a gas mixture of 90%CH4, 2%CO2 and 8%Ar as the feed. The results indicate that the stability of 6Mo/MCM-22 is better than that of 6Mo/ZSM-5. A detailed study reveals that the ability for coke accommodation and the retention of the shape selectivity for aromatics formation is responsible for the stability of a MDA catalyst. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

12.
The acid properties of Mo/HMCM-22 catalyst, which is the precursor form of the working catalyst for methane aromatization reaction, and the synergic effect between Mo species and acid sites were studied and characterized by various characterization techniques. It is concluded that Br?nsted and Lewis acidities of HMCM-22 are modified due to the introduction of molybdenum. We suggest a monomer of Mo species is formed by the exchange of Mo species with the Br?nsted acid sites. On the other hand, coordinate unsaturated sites (CUS) are suggested to be responsible for the formation of newly detected Lewis acid sites. Computer modelling is established and coupling with experimental results, it is then speculated that the effective activation of methane is properly accomplished on Mo species accommodated in the 12 MR supercages of MCM-22 zeolite whereas the Br?nsted acid sites in the same channel system play a key role for the formation of benzene. A much more pronounced volcano-typed reactivity curve of the Mo/HMCM-22 catalysts, as compared with that of the Mo/HZSM-5, with respect to Mo loading is found and this can be well understood due to the unique channel structure of MCM-22 zeolite and synergic effect between Mo species and acid sites.  相似文献   

13.
Methane dehydroaromatization (MDA) over Mo-modified zeolite is a potential catalytic route for converting natural gas into valuable aromatics. However, the active species in this reaction are highly complex, involving diverse Mo species, acidic sites of zeolite, and organic molecules. Herein, we apply 1D 95Mo NMR and 2D 1H-95Mo heteronuclear correlation solid-state NMR spectroscopy to directly observe the active ensembles in the confined channels of Mo/ZSM-5 zeolite during the MDA reaction. We monitor the evolution of the spatial correlations of Mo species with the Brønsted acid sites and organic products (olefins and aromatics) in the zeolite channels. We identified two kinds of MoOxCy species, with the more carbidic one (MoOxCy-II) exhibiting higher activity for methane activation and benzene formation. The strong spatial interactions between the active Mo species and the organic species in the Mo/ZSM-5 pores are related to the MDA activity.  相似文献   

14.
 甲烷在Co-Mo/MCM-22催化剂上进行无氧脱氢芳构化反应的评价结果表明,Co的添加大大提高了Mo/MCM-22催化剂的催化活性和稳定性. 采用程序升温表面加氢反应、程序升温表面二氧化碳反应和热重分析等方法对催化剂表面的积碳物种进行了表征. 结果表明,反应后的催化剂表面主要存在两种积碳物种,H2主要与高温峰对应的积碳发生反应,而CO2对高温峰对应的积碳和低温峰对应的积碳都产生影响. Co的添加对高温峰对应的积碳和低温峰对应的积碳都有明显的抑制作用.  相似文献   

15.
A series of MoO3/H-ZSM-5 (Si/Al = 25) catalysts were prepared via calcination at a lower-than-usual temperature (400 °C) and subsequently evaluated in the methanol-to-hydrocarbon reaction at that same temperature. The catalytic properties of those catalysts were compared with the sample prepared at the more conventional, higher temperature of 500 °C. For the lower temperature preparations, molybdenum oxide was preferentially dispersed over the zeolite external surface, while only the higher loading level of MoO3 (7.5 wt% or higher) led to observable inner migration of the Mo species into the zeolite channels, with concomitant partial loss of the zeolite Brønsted acidity. On the MoO3 modified samples, the early-period gas yield, especially for valuable propylene and C4 products, was noticeably accelerated, and is gradually converted into an enhanced liquid aromatic formation. The 7.5 wt% MoO3/H-ZSM-5 sample prepared at 400 °C thereby achieved a balance between the zeolite surface dispersion of Mo species, their inner channel migration and the corresponding effect on the intrinsic Brønsted acidity of the acidic zeolite. That loading level also possessed the highest product selectivity (after 5 h reaction) to benzene, toluene and xylenes, as well as higher early-time valuable gas product yields in time-on-stream experiments. However, MoO3 loading levels of 7.5 wt% and above also resulted in earlier catalyst deactivation by enhanced coke accumulation at, or near, the zeolite channel openings. Our research illustrates that the careful adoption of moderate/lower temperature dispersion processes for zeolite catalyst modification gives considerable potential for tailoring and optimizing the system''s catalytic performance.  相似文献   

16.
A series of 3.0Mo/MCM-22-Al2O3 catalysts with γ-Al2O3 contents in the range of 0-100 wt% were prepared and applied in the metathesis reaction of ethene and butene-2. Addition of γ-Al2O3 did not affect the structure of MCM-22 zeolite as evidenced by XRD and N2 adsorption measurements. It was deduced from TPR experiments that γ-Al2O3 phase favored the formation of polymolybdate or multilayered Mo oxide, while more Al2(MoO4)3 species were generated over MCM-22 zeolites. Alumina content in the support was directly related to the metathesis activity of ethene and butene-2 to propene. Mo species with higher valence (Mo6+or Mo5+) contributed more to the excellent performance of catalyst than metallic Mo. The best catalyst activity and stability was obtained over 3.0Mo/(MCM-22-30%Al2O3) under the reaction condition of 1.0 MPa and 125 ℃ using N2 as the pretreatment gas.  相似文献   

17.
MCM-36分子筛的合成及其苯与丙烯烷基化性能研究   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
分别从MCM-22和MCM-49前驱体出发合成了MCM-36分子筛, 在液-固固定床反应器上对MCM-36分子筛的苯与丙烯液相烷基化反应性能进行了评价. 由MCM-22前驱体出发合成的MCM-36(A) 结晶度良好, 比MCM-22具有更高比表面积和介孔孔容, 酸量明显下降. 由MCM-49前驱体出发合成的MCM-36(B)的比表面积和介孔孔容增加, 小角XRD特征衍射峰强度低于MCM-36(A), 与MCM-49相比酸量下降幅度较小. 在苯与丙烯液相烷基化反应中MCM-36(A)的活性与MCM-22相当, 丙烯的转化率大于99.5%, 异丙苯的选择性比MCM-22提高了7%. MCM-36(B)的反应活性高于MCM-36(A), 而异丙苯的选择性低于MCM-36(A). MCM-36分子筛上苯与丙烯液相烷基化反应活性的提高归因于有效酸性位的增加,异丙苯选择性的提高则主要归因于B酸量的降低.  相似文献   

18.
Cu-Pd/MCM-22催化剂上二甲醚低温水解反应   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
 考察了分子筛的类型、硅铝比及Cu和Pd改性对分子筛催化剂上二甲醚低温水解活性的影响. 结果表明,酸性的MCM-22和HZSM-5分子筛催化剂具有较高的二甲醚水解活性,且其活性随着分子筛硅铝比的增加而降低. 这表明分子筛的类型及酸性对催化剂性能有重要影响,具有超笼结构的MCM-22分子筛上B酸中心的良好可接近性,使得该分子筛催化剂的水解活性较相同硅铝比的HZSM-5分子筛高. 与改性前相比, Cu和Pd改性后的MCM-22催化剂显示出更高的二甲醚水解活性.  相似文献   

19.
The effect of Mo/HZSM-5 pretreatment at 973 K in inert (He), oxidizing (artificial air), and carbu-rizing (CH4/He mixture) atmospheres on its performance in non-oxidative methane dehydroaroma-tization (MDA) was investigated. The effect of post-synthesis silylation on deactivation of external acid sites was also studied. Precarburization resulted in increased aromatic selectivity and im-proved catalyst stability. The benzene selectivity was the highest for the silylated Mo/HZSM-5 cata-lyst (benzene+naphthalene selectivity after 1 h on stream was close to 100%). The deactivation of precarburized zeolites was less pronounced than that of zeolites heated in air or He. During heating in air or He, larger fractions of the molybdenum oxide species diffused into the micropores than during heating in methane. Carburization of the molybdenum oxide species in the micropores dur-ing MDA resulted in the formation of molybdenum carbide particles, and these contributed to pore blocking, making the Br?nsted acid sites inaccessible. The formation of molybdenum carbides dur-ing heating in methane resulted in a less mobile Mo phase. It is argued that the presence of molyb-denum carbide particles in the micropores contributes to rapid catalyst deactivation, in addition to the formation of hard coke on the external surface.  相似文献   

20.
The activity of Lewis (Nb2O5) and Br nsted (Amberlyst 70) acid catalysts for the cyclodehydration of xylose to furfural was studied. The nature of the acidity resulted in significant changes in the reaction mechanism. Lewis acid sites promote the formation of xylulose, while Br nsted acid sites are required to further dehydrate the sugar to furfural. Amberlyst 70 in water/toluene at 175 ℃ showed lower activity but gave a higher furfural yield. Using N2 as the stripping agent considerably improved the furfural yield and product purity in the stripped stream. Catalyst stability was also studied.  相似文献   

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