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1.
以乙二醇/十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(EG/DTAB)为共模板剂,一步制得BiOCl/Br的固溶体光催化剂,利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、N2吸附-脱附仪和紫外-可见漫反射光谱仪进行了表征.结果表明,与采用溶剂热法制得的BiOCl分级微球相比,采用EG/DTAB共模板法制得的BiOCl/Br固溶体具有更明显的分层结构,呈绣球状.同时,DTAB的Br-插入到BiOCl的晶格中,形成固溶体,减小了禁带宽度.绣球状BiOCl/Br固溶体具有比商用P25、二维BiOCl纳米片和三维BiOCl分级微球更优异的可见光间接敏化降解染料性能,当nDTAB/nKCl=0.75时,制得的BiOCl/Br固溶体8 min内在可见光下对罗丹明B(Rh B)的降解率达到97.2%;1 h后在可见光下对甲基橙(MO)的降解率达到83.6%. 相似文献
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采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理的方法, 对Au掺杂[100]方向氢钝化硅纳米线(SiNWs)不同位置的形成能、能带结构、态密度及磁性进行了计算, 考虑了Au占据硅纳米线的替代、四面体间隙和六角形间隙的不同位置. 结果表明: Au偏爱硅纳米线中心的替代位置. Au掺杂后的硅纳米线引入了杂质能级, 禁带宽度变窄. 对于Au替代掺杂, 杂质能级主要来源于Au的d、p态和Si的p态, 由于Au的d态和Si的p态的耦合, Au掺杂硅纳米线具有铁磁性. 对于间隙掺杂, 杂质能级主要来源于Au的s态, 是非磁性的. 另外, 根据原子轨道和电子填充模型分析了其电子结构和磁性. 相似文献
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氯氧化铋(BiOCl)较大的禁带宽度使得其只能对紫外光产生响应,严重制约了其进一步光催化应用。为实现BiOCl对可见光的利用,以In2S3为可见光光敏剂,并基于高效实用的机械研磨手段构建BiOCl/In2S3复合可见光催化剂。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(EDS)、X射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FT-IR)和紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)等方法对催化剂的形貌和结构进行表征。选择盐酸四环素(TC)可见光催化降解为评价模型,系统研究了BiOCl/In2S3复合比例对光催化活性的影响。结果表明两者复合比例为1:1时具有最佳的光催化活性,在可见光照射下对TC的降解效率高达91.4%,且经3次循环降解效率仍保持在87.3%。机理研究表明,In2S3被可见光激发产生电子注入BiOCl的导带(CB),能有效提升载流子的分离效率,而h+和?O2-是光降解过程中的主要活性物质。该项研究工作充分表明了In2S3对BiOCl的高效光敏活性,展示了物理复合法在新型高效可见光催化体系构建中的重要意义。 相似文献
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In离子掺杂二氧化钛纳米管可见光催化活性的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用两步预掺杂方法制备出In离子掺杂二氧化钛纳米管可见光催化剂. 可见光催化降解对氯苯酚实验证明: 掺杂In离子量为3%的TiO2纳米管可见光活性最高, 是纯TiO2纳米管的2倍以上. X射线衍射(XRD), X光电子能谱(XPS)和表面光电压谱(SPS)结果表明: 当In离子掺杂浓度较小时, In离子取代晶格Ti的位置形成InxTi1-xO2取代式掺杂结构. In离子的掺杂能级与Ti离子的3d轨道形成混合价带, 使禁带宽度变窄, 增强了可见光响应. 随着In离子掺杂浓度的增加, 同时在InxTi1-xO2纳米管表面生成In2O3, 形成InxTi1-xO2/In2O3纳米管复合结构. 该复合结构有效地增加可见光响应, 促进了光生载流子的分离, 提高了光生载流子在固/液界面参加光催化反应的利用率, 使纳米管催化剂可见光催化活性显著提高. 相似文献
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密度泛函理论(DFT)计算对掺杂体系新型环境光催化剂设计开发具有指导意义.基于DFT框架下的第一性原理平面波超软赝势方法(USPP),对α、β、γ、δ-Bi2O3晶体几何结构分别进行了优化计算,从理论上得到了Bi2O3的总体态密度(TDOS)和Bi、O原子的分波态密度(PDOS).在此基础上对Bi2O3超晶胞进行Ti(IV)的掺杂计算,讨论了Ti(IV)掺杂对各种Bi2O3的电子结构和光吸收特性的影响.结果表明Ti(IV)掺杂Bi2O3晶体后,Ti(IV)的3d轨道进入禁带并与O2p、Bi6p轨道作用,使禁带宽度(Eg)变小,Bi2O3的吸收边红移,从而有助于Bi2O3光催化活性的改善.通过水热合成法制备的Ti(IV)掺杂Bi2O3样品的紫外-可见光漫反射光谱验证了计算的结果.在光催化降解有机染料结晶紫的实验中,光催化剂活性的改善进一步得到证实. 相似文献
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利用水热法和溶剂热法制备了BiOCl、BiOBr和BiOI三种光催化剂,通过XRD、SEM、光电流密度与UV-vis DRS表征了光催化剂的晶体结构、表面形貌与光电性能,DFT计算结果表明,随着卤素原子序数升高,光催化剂导带附近的费米能级的分散度降低,禁带宽度变小.在可见光照射下,通过水溶液中罗丹明B的降解效果来评价光催化剂的光催化活性,BiOI具有最好的光催化活性,60 min内,罗丹明B的降解效率达到100%,同时通过自由基捕获实验探究了卤氧化铋光催化降解过程的主要活性基团. 相似文献
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采用基于密度泛函理论框架下的第一性原理平面波超软雁势方法, 对ZnSe闪锌矿结构本体、掺入p型杂质Cu(Zn0.875Cu0.125Se)及Zn空位(Zn0.875Se)超晶胞进行结构优化处理. 计算并详细分析了缺陷体系的形成能和三种体系下ZnSe材料的态密度、能带结构、集居数、介电和吸收光谱. 结果表明: 在Zn空位与Cu掺杂ZnSe体系中, 由于空位及杂质能级的引入, 禁带宽度有所减小, 吸收光谱产生红移; 单空位缺陷结构不易形成, Zn0.875Se结构不稳定, Cu掺杂ZnSe结构相对更稳定. 相似文献
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采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理平面波超软赝势计算方法, 研究了In、Sc p型掺杂对SrTiO3母体化合物稳定性、电子结构和光学性质的影响. 计算结果表明:掺杂后, SrIn0.125Ti0.875O3和SrSc0.125Ti0.875O3的稳定性降低, 体系显示p型简并半导体特征, 掺杂仅引起杂质原子近邻区域的几何结构发生变化. 同时, SrIn0.125Ti0.875O3和SrSc0.125Ti0.875O3体系的光学带隙分别展宽0.35、0.30 eV, 光学吸收边发生蓝移, 在1.25-2.00 eV的能量区间出现新的吸收峰, 该吸收峰与体系Drude型自由载流子的激发相关. 此外, SrIn0.125Ti0.875O3和SrSc0.125Ti0.875O3体系的可见光透过率有了明显的提高, 在350-625 nm波长范围透过率高于85%. 掺杂原子在费米能级处低的电子态密度限制了跃迁概率和光吸收. 大的禁带宽度、小的跃迁概率和弱的光吸收是SrIn0.125Ti0.875O3和SrSc0.125Ti0.875O3体系具有较高光学透明度的原因. 相似文献
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采用密度泛函理论(DFT)研究卤素(F2,Cl2,Br2,I2,ICl)掺杂聚甲基苯基硅烷(PMPSi)的电子结构.在BH&HLYP/6-31G*水平上优化PMPSi,交错构象为最稳定构象.在此构象上优化卤素掺杂PMPSi并比较结构变化,进一步探讨复合物的前线轨道能量、吸收光谱等性质.结果表明,最高占据轨道(HOMO)的能量几乎保持不变,而最低空轨道(LUMO)的能量降低,能隙按Cl2>F2>ICl>Br2>I2顺序减小.以致电子由HOMO-1→LUMO跃迁,使复合物在吸收光谱中发生红移,在可见光区有较强的吸收峰.自然键轨道(NBO)理论分析表明电荷从主链向卤素转移.所有复合物经基组叠加误差(BSSE)校正后的相互作用能为-0.61~-3.20 kcal/mol,且掺杂剂的极性越大,复合物的相互作用能越大.并讨论掺杂剂位置对复合物的能隙和相互作用能的影响.该研究为PMPSi的相关研究提供理论线索和依据. 相似文献
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An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions. 相似文献
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An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction. 相似文献
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The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H4C4B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed. 相似文献
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Xi-Liu YunWen-Ying Bi Jian-Hui HuangYu Liu Daisy Zhang-NegrerieYun-Fei Du Kang Zhao 《Tetrahedron letters》2012,53(38):5076-5080
A variety of N-aryl and N-alkyl carbazolones were conveniently achieved in good to high yields via Pd2(dba)3-mediated intramolecular coupling of N-substituted α-iodo enaminones under microwave irradiation. The Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization was found to proceed favorably with the more electron-deficient phenyl ring during the reactions involving unsymmetrical N,N-diaryl α-iodo enaminones. This unique property enables the construction of carbazolone skeleton containing nitro substituted benzenoid ring. 相似文献
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Both substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles have been synthesized by the 3+2 intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition of nitrilimines to alkynes. This cyclization has been extended to more versatile 3-bromo derivatives by the use of alkynylbromides as dipolarophiles. 相似文献
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An efficient and benign method for the preparation of aminomethyl-substituted fullerenes has been developed. The process, involving catalyst free, visible-light irradiation of 10% EtOH-toluene solutions containing fullerene C60 and N-trimethylsilylmethyl-substituted amines by using a 20 W compact fluorescent lamp, leads to formation of aminomethyl-substituted fullerene adducts in a highly efficient manner. The photoaddition reaction takes place via a pathway initiated by visible light absorption by C60, followed by SET from the amine to the triplet excited state of C60. Ethanol-promoted desilylation of the resulting a minimum radical then generates the corresponding α-amino radical which couples with the C60 radical anion to form the anion precursor of the fullerene adducts. The new approach using visible-light takes place under mild conditions and it does not require the use of photocatalysts. Thus, the method developed in this effort could broadens the range of functionalized fullerene derivatives that can be readily prepared. 相似文献
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Viktor A. Dmitriev Mariia M. Efremova Alexander S. Novikov Vladimir V. Zarubaev Alexander V. Slita Anastasia V. Galochkina Galina L. Starova Andrey V. Ivanov Alexander P. Molchanov 《Tetrahedron letters》2018,59(24):2327-2331
The reactions of various nitrones with indolyl- and pyrrolylacrylates proceeds regioselectively with high diastereoselectivity in the case of aldonitrones, and represents an effective method for obtaining new indolyl- and pyrrolyl-substituted isoxazolidine carboxylates stabilized by weak (CH?O) and moderate (NH?N) strength intramolecular hydrogen bonding. The resulting cycloadducts exhibit promising in vitro anti-influenza activities. 相似文献
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A transition metal-free method for the direct amination of benzoxazoles using formamides as nitrogen sources is reported, which was mediated by an inexpensive and environmentally friendly tetrabutylammonium iodide/tert-butyl hydroperoxide system and gave the 2-aminobenzoxazole derivatives with moderate to good yields. 相似文献
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Multifunctionalized 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyridines are concisely synthesized in good yields via l-proline-catalyzed or l-proline/FeCl3-cocatalyzed one-pot multicomponent reactions (MCRs). The MCRs involve a domino hydroamination/prins reaction/Mannich-type reaction/intramolecular dehydration-cyclization process. The molecular structure of 5baa, one of multifunctionalized 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyridines, was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. 相似文献
20.
M. Saeed Abaee Atefeh Hadizadeh Mohammad M. Mojtahedi Mohammad R. Halvagar 《Tetrahedron letters》2017,58(14):1408-1412
An efficient four-component reaction was developed to take advantage of the reactivity of the 2-aminothiophene-3-carbonitrile functionality, which is obtained during the classical three-component Gewald reaction. Various α-methylene bearing ketones were reacted with malononitrile, elemental sulfur, and aryl/heteroarylnitrile derivatives in t-BuOH/NaOH to afford 2-arylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amines in high yields. Preliminary studies revealed the photophysical properties of the products and their potential for use as metal sensors. 相似文献