AM1法研究乙烯与环己－1，3－二烯热加成反应

用ＡＭ１方法（采用非限制的Ｈａｒｔｒｅｅ－ＦｏｃｋＵＨＦ计算）研究乙烯与环己－１，３－二烯的热Ｄｉｅｌｓ－Ａｌｄｅｒ反应。结果表明反应是放热的且存在两条竞争的路径；协同反应的活化能以及双自由反应速度控制步骤的活化能分别为１１２．６６７ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ和７８．４０６ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。     

Pt／NM,Pd／NM催化剂上甲苯深度氧化反应动力学

在氧气过量的条件下，考察了Ｐｔ／ＮＭ、Ｐｄ／ＮＭ催化剂上甲苯深度氧化反应动力学及反应活性。Ｐｔ／ＮＭ催化剂对甲苯的氢化活性高于Ｐｄ／ＮＭ，深度氧化反应服从反应物强吸附双分子反应Ｌｔａｎｇｍｕｉｒ－Ｈｉｎｓｈｅｌｗｏｏｄ机理，其动力学方程为：相应的动力学参数，Ｐｔ／ＮＭ为：活化能△Ｅ＝４９．９ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ，吸附热Ｑ＝－２９．６ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ；Ｐｄ／ＮＭ为：△Ｅ＝９４．２ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ，Ｑ＝－１９．１ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ．     

HTPB／TDI,HDI聚合反应动力学研究

对端羟基聚丁二烯／甲苯二异氰酸酯，端羟基聚丁二烯／己二异氰酸酯甲苯溶液体系进行了反应动力学研究，用基团分析方法计算了相应体系的活化能，并对无催化剂和有催化剂的体系作了比较。结果表明，二丁基二月桂酸象对上述体系有强的催化作用，使体系的活化能降低，反应速度加快。对于对端差基聚丁二烯／甲苯二异氰酸酯体系，无催化剂时前后期反应活化能分别为２９．１ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ、３７．４ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ，有催化剂时前后期反应活化     

在（TPA）2O—Na2O—SiO2—H2O系统中MFI型硅沸石的结晶行为（I）：结…

以四丙基溴化铵作模板剂，以白炭黑（Ｉ）、硅溶胶（Ⅱ）和水玻璃（Ⅲ）为不同硅源在１４０￣１８０℃合成ＭＦＩ型硅沸石。反应物配比相同，其结晶动力学曲线有明显差异。从它们的成核诱导期及生长速度计算出各体系硅沸石晶核形成活化能与生长活化能，在体系（Ｉ）中为４６／７６ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ，体系（Ⅱ）中为４１／４３ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ，体系（Ⅲ）中为３８／７９ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。产物结晶粒径的大小由各体系成核活化能与生长活化能的差     

电化学氧化法合成茴香醛（Ⅲ）──茴香脑合成茴香醛的反应动力学

报道了茴香脑电氧化合成茴香醛的表现活化能（约２３ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ）、反应控制步骤和反应历程，导出了符合一级反应的速率方程。     

煤-焦炉气共热解半焦燃烧动力学特性研究──燃烧模型的建立及其表观活化能动态描述

采用热重分析方法（ＴＧＡ）对煤－焦炉气共热解半焦燃烧动力学特性进行研究,建立了半焦燃烧动力学模型,采用新的数学处理方法,实现了表观活化能在半焦燃烧过程中的动态描述及平均表观活化能的求取。分析结果表明,表观活化能在半焦燃烧过程中呈“两头高、中间低”的“钟”型动态分布,其变化范围为：４７～９５ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ,其中主要燃烧失重阶段（转化率为２０％～８０％）的表观活化能较低且变化幅度较小,约为４７～６０ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ,在燃烧转化率为４０％左右出现最低活化能约４７ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。同一半焦燃烧过程中,表观活化能与燃烧速率动态分布具有良好的对应关系,即较大燃烧速率对应着较低表观活化能,这说明表观活化能的大小直接体现了半焦燃烧反应活性的高低     

一种估算置换反应活化能的简便方法

提出一种估算自由基—分子置换反应活化能的简便方法，将活化能归结为参加反应的各基团的全部贡献。通过对５０个反应的考察发现，标准偏差为４０８ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ，可与其它一些估算方法相比拟。     

非绝热电子转移动力学模型及O_2O_2~－→O_2~－O_2研究

描述非绝热电子转移的半经典模型，揭示了对称双势阱非绝热电子转移的过渡态能垒与Ａｒｒｈｅｎｉｕｓ活化能关系的一些新特征。在４－３１Ｇ加负离子ｓｐ弥散函数水平上优化了共线反应的反应物、络合物和过渡态的构型，成功地进行了电子定域ＵＨＦ诱导自洽场计算，获得电子转移矩阵元ＶＡＢ为７．ＯｋＪ／ｍｏｌ，活化能垒Ｅｃ为２８．４ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ，３００Ｋ时反应速率常数ｋ为９．２×１０８／ｓ，讨论了理论模型及计算结果。     

硅橡胶热降解动力学的研究

用恒温热失重方法，研究了甲基硅橡胶（Ｓｉ—Ｏ—１），用氢氧化钾催化聚合的甲基硅橡胶（Ｓｉ—Ｏ—２），主链含环二硅氮烷的硅氮橡胶（Ｓｉ—Ｎ—１）以及它与Ｓｉ—Ｏ—１的共混物Ｓｉ—Ｏ—３和与Ｓｉ—Ｏ—２的共混物Ｓｉ—Ｏ—４的热降解反应动力学．结果表明Ｓｉ—Ｎ—１有最高的热稳定性，在氮气下，其降解反应活化能为３４４ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ．并且发现它分别与Ｓｉ—Ｏ—１和Ｓｉ—Ｏ—２的共混物的热稳定性大幅度提高．Ｓｉ—Ｏ—３在氮气下的降解活化能由未加入Ｓｉ—Ｎ—１前的１５２ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ提高到２３０ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ；Ｓｉ─Ｏ─４则由未混入Ｓｉ─Ｎ─１前的６１ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ提高到１４４ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ．我们认为这种作用机理是由于硅氮橡胶除去了微量吸附水和硅羟基并导致催化剂的离子对难于分离的结果．     

在N—甲基吡咯烷酮中聚苯硫醚合成的宏观动力学

研究了无水硫化钠与对二氯苯（以Ｎ－甲基吡咯烷酮为溶剂）合成聚苯硫醚反应的宏观动力学，该反应是一个小分子缩合串联自缩聚的过程，通过测定不同反应聚合体系中氯化钠的徨成率和硫化内的转化率，建立了该反应的宏观动力学方程：１／（１－ＰＮａＣｌ＋ＰＮａ２ｓ）＝Ｃ０Ｋｔ＋１；并计算得到２２０、２５０℃的表观反应速率为４．５×１０＾－４和３．０×１０＾－３ｋｇ／（ｍｏｌ．ｓ），表观活化能为１３４ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.     

Copper-catalyzed multicomponent reactions of 2-iodoanilines,benzylamines, and elemental sulfur toward 2-arylbenzothiazoles

A relatively cheap copper salt-catalyzed, three-component approach providing 2-arylbenzothiazoles in good to excellent yields from readily available 2-iodoanilines, benzylamines, and sulfur powder is reported. This methodology allows preparation of various classes of 2-arylbenzothiazoles and provides a general, reliable approach.