“沙林“与神经性毒剂

本文从回顾沙林等神经性毒剂的历史开始，阐述了它们的作用、毒性、症状以及消毒和治疗等内容，以期读者对之有一个较全面的了解。     

一种抗癌药的新构思

本文概述了现今抗癌药物的开发现状，总结了癌症药物治疗的作用机制，以及主要的致癌因素。以众多学科基本原理为依据，并结合临床试验，阐述了安托可金──一种新的抗癌药物的设计构思及其成功性。最后指出了今后癌症治疗中需解决的主要问题。     

神经系统铅中毒

阐述了铅对人类尤其是胎儿、婴幼儿神经系统毒害的病因、发病机制、临床表现及治疗，并提出解决铅中毒的关键是易感人群的预防。     

大剂量补充微量元素治疗“胃溃疡型腺癌伴广泛转移”一例

阐述了一例胃底溃疡型腺癌伴周边器官淋巴组织广泛转移患者，行“贲门MT术”姑息治疗后，经九个月大剂量多种微量元素制剂补充达到很好的临床效果。     

低剂量长期补充微量元素治疗“多发性纤维脂肪血管瘤病”一例

阐述了一例“多发性纤维脂肪血管瘤病”患者,经十四个月以上的低剂量多种微量元素制剂治疗,达到良好的治疗效果。     

活动教学在高师生学习高中化学新课标中的应用

本文通过高师生在课堂上学习高中化学新课标的过程，阐述了进行活动教学的重要性；阐述了高师生活动教学内容、形式和方法的设计；建构了活动教学模式构架，并提出活动教学以应用性和实践性为基本特点。     

血液灌流材料研究进展

血液灌流技术以其显著的疗效和新颖的治疗方法而发展迅速,目前其应用正日趋广泛,所治疗的疾病已经从药物中毒、肝肾疾病扩展到一系列免疫性疾病。本文综述了血液灌流材料的发展和研究进展,按照种类不同对材料的性质和应用进行了阐述,为血液灌流材料的制备和应用提供参考。     

以肿瘤凋亡相关蛋白和基因为靶的小分子

细胞凋亡的调控作为治疗肿瘤的新兴手段，近年来受到广泛关注。本文对细胞凋亡途径中的重要靶点，包括Bcl-2,IAP,p53等的结构及作用机制作了较详尽的阐述，并且总结了针对上述不同靶点的对细胞凋亡进行调控的化学小分子的研究。在对这些研究现状进行分析的基础上,对该研究领域下一步的发展方向提出了我们的观点。     

土壤和水体中可溶性铝硅酸盐的形成及其环境意义

阐述了土壤环境中铝的释放，水解，单体和多聚体羟基铝，铝硅酸盐复合离子ｐｒｏｔｏ－ｉｍｏｇｏｌｉｔｅ的形成和影响因素及其生态效应。     

从诺贝尔化学奖看20世纪的化学发展

本文通过对Ｎｏｂｌｅ化学奖的分析统计，来揭示２０世纪化学发展的水准和脉络，着重阐述了２０世纪化学的发展特征和趋势。     

Review of Analytical Methods for Atmospheric Oxidants Measurements

Abstract

Instrumental and manual methods currently available for the measurement of atmospheric oxidants are surveyed. Techniques used in the United States are emphasized and their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. Commercial systems are evaluated in terms of general operating principles rather than of specific instruments. The ability of these techniques to meet the measurement requirements defined by U.S. Federal air quality oxidant criteria are discussed. Alternative chemical techniques that may have some advantages over the neutral, buffered KI procedure are discussed. Also some attractive, alternative instrumental procedures that are ozone-specific are presented. These systems are based on chemiluminescence and ultraviolet absorption photometry. Electrochemical and colorimetric methods for total oxidant measurements are compared. Finally, some data are presented on relationships of ozone and total oxidants.     

Densities,speeds of sound,excess volumes and viscosities of binary mixtures of mtbe with tetralin and decalin at 303.15 k

Measurements of densities, speeds of sound, excess volumes and viscosities of binary mixture of methyl tert-butyl ether with tetralin and decalin are reported at 303.15?K over the entire range of composition. Excess volumes are measured using batch dilatometer technique. Sound speeds are obtained using ultrasonic interferometer. Densities are computed from excess volume data. Isentropic compressibilities are derived from density and sound speed data. Speeds of sound are evaluated on the basis of Jacobson's free length theory and Schaff's collision factor theory. The predicted values are in good agreement with the experimental results. The viscosity data are analysed on the basis of corresponding states approach. Excess volumes and deviation in isentropic compressibilities are negative and deviation in viscosities are positive over the entire composition range. The experimental results are discussed in terms of possible molecular interactions between unlike molecules.     

钼、钨系过氧化物在Sharpless烯烃环氧化反应中的应用

钼、钨系过氧化物是非常重要的Sharpless烯烃环氧化催化剂,有着非常广泛的工业发展前景。本文综述了钼、钨系过氧化物的种类,结构,合成方法及催化活性,分析了各种钼、钨系过氧化物的特点以及在催化环氧化领域的发展现状。同时,本文还讨论了钼、钨系过氧化物催化烯烃环氧化反应的机理。评述了在催化环氧化领域中两种主要理论——Mimoun机理与Sharpless机理的争论焦点及发展现状,以及计算化学对两种理论中间过渡态的研究进展,并且重点分析了Sharpless机理的过渡态结构。此外,本文还综述了影响钼、钨系过氧化物催化剂反应活性的各种因素以及质子所产生的副反应。最后,本文对应用于催化环氧化领域的钼、钨系过氧化物未来的研究方向提出了建议。     

Contactless conductivity detection for microfluidics: designs and applications

Different methods for construction of contactless conductivity detectors (CCD) for microchip electrophoresis device are described in this review. This includes three main schemes of CCD for microchips, such as (i) the detection electrodes are placed along the microchannel from outside of the microchip and they are insulated from the channel by the cover lid of microchip device; (ii) the electrodes are placed across of the microchannel in the same plane and they are insulated by thin separation channel walls and (iii) electrodes are buried in widened part of microchannel and they are insulated from solution by ultrathin layer of silicon carbide. Specific issues related to the CCD on microfluidics are discussed, such as an influence of shape and magnitude of ac voltage and placement of electrodes and their insulation. Various applications for security, pharmacological, bioassays and food analysis purposes are described.     

Bioinspired Strategies for Stretchable Conductors

Stretchable conductors are indispensable components of stretchable electronic devices, such as stretchable sensors, transistors, light-emitting diode arrays, solar cells, and so on. However, most of the conductive materials are stiff with very low stretchability. Nature has evolved various strategies to realize stretchability, which give a lot of inspirations to the design and fabrication of stretchable conductors. We herein summarized the nature’s strategies to realize stretchability and revealed the underlying mechanisms. After that, the applications of these strategies in fabricating stretchable conductors are exemplified and the effects of some important parameters on the performances are discussed. Then, possible applications of these stretchable conductors are summarized. Finally, critical issues in the stretchable conductors are discussed and several prospective exploration directions are provided.     

抗生素在水环境中的光化学行为

抗生素是在水环境中广泛存在的一类新兴污染物, 近年来, 由于其“假”持久性并能引起环境菌群的抗药性而备受关注. 光化学降解是水环境中抗生素类污染物的重要消减方式. 本文总结了水环境中抗生素光化学行为研究的最新进展, 介绍了抗生素的直接、间接和自敏化光解动力学, 评述了pH和水中溶解性物质对抗生素光解的影响及典型抗生素的光降解路径与机理, 讨论了抗生素的光致毒性, 最后对抗生素在水环境中光化学行为的研究进行了展望.     

微波波谱方法与应用研究进展

综述了微波波谱法及其应用研究进展,阐述了微波波谱法的基本原理及仪器构造。对微波波谱法在分子结构及构象分析、弱相互作用体系的研究、分析化学、星际物质的探测等方面的应用进行了综述。并展望了微波波谱方法未来的发展趋势。     

纳米SiO2的表面处理及其在聚合物基纳米复合材料中的应用进展

简要介绍了纳米二氧化硅(SiO2)粒子的制备方法、结构和特性,对近年来国内外纳米SiO2的表面处理方法及聚合物/SiO2纳米复合材料的制备方法进行了阐述,并针对不同改性方法和制备方法的特点加以分析比较;讨论了SiO2粒子的分散机理和增强机理,并对未来的研究内容及方向提出展望。     

Synthesis and structure of built-up organic macromolecules containing helicene

Built-up macromolecules are acyclic molecules with molecular weights of several thousand daltons, which are synthesized by connecting small molecular units using stepwise methods. The chemical study of built-up macromolecules reveals some noteworthy properties that are different from those of conventional biological and synthetic macromolecules. A characteristic feature of built-up organic macromolecules is that their structures and properties are discontinuous at a certain molecular weight. For such macromolecules, variation in the small molecular units and the formation of cyclic structures substantially affect the structure and properties. The built-up organic macromolecules obtained by connecting helicenes with amide, acetylene, and amine groups are discussed in this paper. Some chiral built-up macromolecules are linked by covalent bonds, and the effects of linking on the structure are compared.