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1.
本文以十二烷基硫酸钠与磺酸盐型醇醚阴非离子表面活性剂FP1688作为发泡剂,钠基膨润土和钙基膨润土作为稳泡剂进行泡沫性能测试实验。研究结果表明,磺酸盐型醇醚阴非离子表面活性剂FP1688的发泡性能优于十二烷基硫酸钠,钠基膨润土的稳泡性能优于钙基膨润土。当FP1688的浓度为0. 40%、钠基膨润土的浓度为5%时,稳泡时间大于6000s,发泡体积高于800mL。膨润土对泡沫稳定性影响研究对膨润土稳定泡沫配方体系的研制提供了有益的技术指导,对在低油价下推广应用泡沫驱技术意义重大。  相似文献   

2.
针对部分低压产水气井温度高、矿化度高以及含高浓度H_2S气体的特点,通过合成特殊梳状结构的Gemini阴离子表面活性剂,并将其作为起泡剂分子,再加入改性后的一定尺寸、疏水程度的纳米粒子充当固态稳泡剂,制备出高效泡排剂。该高效泡排剂一方面利用特殊梳状结构的Gemini阴离子表面活性剂可以在气液界面形成致密排列的结构,增强泡膜的稳定性;另一方面固态稳泡剂——纳米粒子可以吸附在气水界面形成稳定的空间壁垒,从而阻止气泡的聚并和歧化;该体系极大程度的发挥了表面活性剂和纳米粒子之间的协同作用从而达到提高泡沫稳定性的作用。室内实验研究结果表明:该泡排剂在温度为150℃、矿化度为250000ppm、H_2S浓度为400ppm下起泡性、稳泡性优良,而压力的增加则会提高泡沫稳定性,可以满足高温、高矿化度及含酸性腐蚀气体产水气井的泡排施工要求。  相似文献   

3.
于涛  史雷城  丁伟  曲广淼  栾和鑫  刘小军 《应用化学》2012,29(11):1302-1308
合成了3种具有不同疏水基团的新型磺基甜菜碱两性表面活性剂,通过红外光谱对它们的结构进行了表征.用滴体积法测定表面活性剂水溶液在25℃下的表面张力,从而确定其临界胶束浓度(cmc)及临界胶束浓度下的表面张力(γcmc);采用罗氏泡沫仪考察了浓度、温度对其泡沫性能的影响;采用分水时间法考察了其乳化性能.结果表明,随着芳环在烷基链中的体积增大,cmc以及γcmc增大,饱和吸附面积Amin增大,而饱和吸附量Tmax减小.3种表面活性剂的起泡性随浓度增大而增加,到一定值后趋于稳定;泡沫稳定性随浓度增大逐渐增强;起泡性随着温度的升高而显著增加,泡沫稳定性随温度升高而显著降低.3种表面活性剂的乳化能力随浓度增大而逐渐增强然后趋于稳定.  相似文献   

4.
Gemini型磺基琥珀酸酯钠表面活性剂的结构与性能的关系   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
以不同的醇为原料,合成了不同的Gemini型磺基琥珀酸酯钠阴离子表面活性剂,对它们的表面化学性能和应用性能进行了测定,并将其性质与其结构的关系进行关联。结果表明:其活性高于相应单基表面活性剂,且联结基、憎水链长度对其活性有影响。联结基长度增加,产物的临界胶束浓度(CMC)降低,对应的表面张力增加,其乳化性、起泡性、稳泡性、渗透力降低,增溶性提高;憎水链长度增加,CMC降低,对应的表面张力先减后增,其乳化性、稳泡性、增溶性提高,起泡性先增后减,渗透力减弱。  相似文献   

5.
为了有效控制液相中H+向岩石表面的扩散,降低酸-岩反应速率,进而达到深度酸化刻蚀的目的,通过对纳米颗粒、稳泡剂与表面活性剂协同增效作用的研究,制备了一种泡沫稳定、耐温性能及缓速性能优异的泡沫缓速酸。室内通过对比不同纳米材料在酸液中的分散性能及纳米颗粒粒径对泡沫缓速酸性能的影响,优选出d=25 nm的亲水型Si O2纳米材料。采用自制的两性表面活性剂(MAC)作为起泡剂,并加入自制的酸液稠化剂(SY-1)作为稳泡剂以达到稳泡作用。当w(Si O2)=1.5%、w(MAC)=1.0%、w(SY-1)=0.08%时,所形成的泡沫也更加致密,液膜厚度增强,泡沫稳定性提高,半衰期延长,从7 min增长到69 min;并且SY-1的加入提高了泡沫的耐高温性能,使体系在90℃时半衰期仍然能达到29 min。通过测定不同条件下酸岩反应速率并进行比较,结果表明,20%HCl基液的平均酸岩反应速率为1.148×10-3 mg/(cm2·s),而实验室自制泡沫缓速酸液体系的平均酸-岩反应速率降至7....  相似文献   

6.
本文考察了非离子型表面活性剂烷基糖苷(APG)和两性表面活性剂十二烷基甜菜碱(BS-12)之间的复配性能,测定了不同摩尔比的APG和BS-12复配体系的表面张力、泡沫和乳化性能,并且研究了无机盐对复配体系表面活性的影响情况。研究结果表明,APG和BS-12复配体系与单独任一表面活性剂体系相比具有较好的表面活性,两者具有明显的协同增效作用,且在摩尔比为3:7时,复配体系的表面活性最高、起泡性能最好、形成的泡沫和乳状液最稳定,协同增效作用最显著。此外,无机盐的加入提高了复配体系的表面活性,当NaCl浓度为0.0  相似文献   

7.
董彬  张珍仙  刘亚飞  张彰 《化学研究》2014,25(6):627-631
合成了一类含季铵基和磺酸基结构的非对称Gemini两性离子表面活性剂;利用红外光谱、质谱、离子定性试验验证了合成产物的分子结构,并测定了其表面性质.结果表明,目标产物的分子结构符合设计预期;五种非对称Gemini两性离子表面活性剂的表面张力在30mN/m左右,临界胶束浓度达到10-4~10-5数量级.此外,虽然非对称Gemini两性离子表面活性剂的起泡性能比相应单链型表面活性剂的稍差,但其稳泡性明显优于后者.  相似文献   

8.
前文[1]报导了合成双烃链表面活性剂──双(月桂酸)三乙醇胺酯在酸性溶液中形成囊泡及其稳定性的规律.结果表明,当PH值小于4.2时,囊泡才能形成,其稳定性在PH值2~3范围内达到最佳效果.本工作应用DSC、荧光探针技术及起泡性实验研究PH对囊泡相变和微环境性质及溶液起泡性  相似文献   

9.
新型孪尾Gemini两性离子表面活性剂应用性能   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
分别采用改进的Ross-Miles法及分水时间法,对3种新型孪尾Gemini两性离子表面活性剂(C8C8L3Sz、C8C8L4Sz和C10C8L3Sz)的泡沫性能及乳化性能进行了研究,并考察了表面活性剂浓度、分子结构和温度等对其的影响。结果表明,该系列表面活性剂具有较好的泡沫性能,且随其浓度的增加,泡沫最大高度和半衰期均存在一个稳定值,疏水链越长,其起泡性能越差,泡沫稳定性越好;温度升高,起泡性能变好,泡沫稳定性变差;当表面活性剂浓度一定时,体系中加入低浓度的短链醇及无机盐均能提高泡沫的稳定性;C8C8L3Sz、C8C8L4Sz和C10C8L3Sz作乳化剂的最适宜的用量分别为6×10-4、6×10-4和4×10-4mol/L,疏水基越长,乳化性能越好,而连接基对其影响较小;温度升高,乳化性能变差;当油相烷烃碳数相同时,环烷烃要比直连烷烃更易达到最佳乳化效果,但二者的乳状液稳定时间相当;对于油相烷烃碳数不同时,烷烃的碳链越长,乳状液的稳定性越差,乳化效果越不好。  相似文献   

10.
系列磺丁基甜菜碱的表征及表面活性   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
用FT-IR、1H NMR和元素分析对自制的3种磺丁基甜菜碱(SBm-4)的结构进行了表征,研究了它们的表面性能、泡沫性能和乳化性能。 获得SB12-4的cmc为2.20×10-3 mol/L,γcmc为31.48 mN/m;SB14-4的cmc为2.80×10-4 mol/L,γcmc为29.68 mN/m;SB16-4的cmc为2.30×10-5 mol/L,γcmc为32.06 mN/m。 3种磺丁基甜菜碱的cmc值随着烷基链长增加逐渐减小,γcmc先减小后增加,三者的起泡性随浓度增加而增加,到一定值后保持不变;泡沫稳定性随浓度增加逐渐增强,起泡性随着温度的增加有缓慢增加趋势,泡沫稳定性随温度增加逐渐降低。 3种表面活性剂的乳化能力随浓度增加先增加后降低。  相似文献   

11.
The changes of cloud points and surface tensions of a nonionic surfactant dodecyl polyoxycthylene(5) polyoxypropylene(4) ether (LS54) in aqueous solutions with added polyvinylpyrrolide (PVP-K90) were determined in order to evaluate polymer-surfactant interactions in the bulk solutions. A new model, corona-shaped intra-chain micelles, was applied lo these phenomena and the thermodynamic parameters of micellization were determined.  相似文献   

12.
Effects of various additives, including electrolytes, alcohols and organic acids, polymers, and ionic and nonionic surfactants, on the cloud point of dodecyl polyoxyethylene (5) polyoxypropylene (4) ether nonionic surfactant aqueous solutions are investigated. The salting-out electrolytes decrease the cloud point while salting-in electrolytes increase it. Most alcohols and organic acids can lower the cloud point except for methanol and ethanol. The polymers form complexes with the surfactant and decrease the cloud point. The added surfactants can be inserted into the micelles of the nonionic surfactant and form mixed micelles, thus raising the cloud point.  相似文献   

13.
We investigated the structure and stability of dodecane-in-water emulsions stabilised by partially hydrophobised silica particles after dilution of the emulsions in solutions of sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium chloride. The emulsions were stable to coalescence on dilution in salt solutions, but did cream over time. The rate and extent of creaming gradually decreased as the salt concentration in the diluted emulsion increased. Dilution in low concentrations of the anionic surfactant did not affect the emulsion stability to coalescence or alter the creaming behaviour of the emulsion. At surfactant concentrations above the critical micelle concentration, however, the rate and extent of creaming and flocculation of the drops were enhanced.  相似文献   

14.
The enthalpy of benzylalcohol (BzOH) solution has been determined as a function of alcohol concentration in aqueous trimethyltetradecylammonium bromide (TTAB) solutions in the presence of sodium sulfite or sodium sulfate up to high salt concentration. The electrolytes studied do not seem to induce TTAB sphere-torod transition at least up to 0.6 mol/kg of salt. Comparison with the enthalpic behavior of BzOH in sodium dodecylsulfate solutions and with that of 1-pentanol in both cationic and anionic micellar solutions suggests that the solubilization of BzOH in TTAB solutions is specifically favored by intramolecular interactions between alcohol molecules within the cationic micelles. The replacement of the bromide counterions by the sulfite or sulfate ions has been studied using potentiometry with an ionselective electrode in the case of trimethylhexadecylammonium bromide (CTAB). No difference could be detected between the effects of either divalent anions on the rate of change of the bromide ion-condensation with the salt/surfactant concentration ratioR. The degree of counter-ion condensation on micellar surface depends not only on theR values, but also on the total surfactant concentration.  相似文献   

15.
Aqueous solutions of ionic surfactants with strongly binding counterions exhibit wormlike or network properties. The properties of anionic micelles of sodium dodecyltrioxyethylene sulfate (AES) in the presence of multivalent counterion Al3+ were investigated by dynamic rheological methods. The steady-shear viscosity and stress, the zero-shear viscosity, the complex viscosity, and the dynamic shear modulus have been determined as a function of the surfactant and salt concentrations. Some interesting and noticeable results have been obtained, which can express the micellar growth and structure. The formation of wormlike micelles or network structure in surfactant solutions becomes much easier with increasing surfactant and salt concentrations. The Cox-Merz rule and the Cole-Cole plot are not applicable perfectly to the systems studied. The nonlinear viscoelasticity and non-Newtonian behavior can be found in all solutions according to the comparison with the simple Maxwell model. The technique of freeze-fracture transmission electron microscopy (FF-TEM) was also applied to confirm the formation of these interesting structures.  相似文献   

16.
We report our investigations into the self-assembly of sodium oleate (NaOA) in the presence of a binding salt (triethylammonium chloride, Et(3)NHCl) simple salt (potassium chloride, KCl). Both salts promote the growth of long, wormlike micelles in NaOA solutions, thereby increasing the fluid viscosity. The significant difference with the Et(3)NHCl salt is that it also modifies the phase behavior of NaOA solutions. Specifically, NaOA/Et(3)NHCl solutions display cloud points upon heating, followed by phase separation into two liquid phases. Such cloud point behavior is rarely observed in ionic surfactant systems, although it is common in nonionic surfactant solutions. Interestingly, while cloud points are not observed with KCl, the addition of KCl to NaOA/Et(3)NHCl solutions further lowers the cloud point temperature. Also, in the case of tetraethylammonium halide salt, neither a cloud point nor an increase in viscosity is observed. The clouding in the case of Et(3)NHCl is attributed to the temperature-induced aggregation of anionic micelles whose surface is covered by bound counterions.  相似文献   

17.
Viscosity measurements on aqueous micellar solutions of cationic surfactants containing phenol with and without sodium bromide were made to study the sphere‐to‐rod transitions. Effect of surfactant structure (nonpolar tail, polar head group sizes and counterion), temperature, and phenol and sodium bromide concentration on the viscosity behavior of the surfactant solution is discussed. The sphere‐to‐rod transition is usually indicated by a marked increase in viscosity. While low temperature, high surfactant concentration, presence of salt, and hydrophobic nature of surfactant all favor the formation of rod‐like micelles, the presence of phenol showed peculiar behavior. Initial additions of phenol (up to about 2.5 wt%) showed a marked increase in viscosity, independent of the nature and concentration of surfactant and temperature; lower viscosities were observed at higher phenol concentration. Conductance and sound velocity results support the viscosity results.  相似文献   

18.
We have found that both electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions are involved in the ability of the protein alpha-lactalbumin (alpha-LA) to affect the self-assembly of the anionic surfactant sodium bis(ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT, 3.5 wt %) in equivolume mixtures of organic and aqueous solutions. The composition and size of AOT phase structures that form in the presence of 0.35 wt % protein were evaluated as a function of pH and ionic strength. In the absence of protein, AOT forms water-in-oil microemulsion droplets for all pH and salt concentrations studied here. The presence of the protein in the water-in-oil microemulsion phase boosts water solubilization and droplet size, as the spontaneous curvature of the surfactant interface becomes less negative. Aggregates of protein, surfactant, and oil also form in the water-continuous phase. The size and composition of structures in both phases can be tuned in the presence of protein by varying the pH and ionic strength. alpha-LA induces the appearance of an anisotropic surfactant phase at pH <5.8. At intermediate salt concentrations, a third isotropic, viscous aqueous phase appears that contains 55-60% of the protein, 10-14% of the surfactant, and significant amounts of oil. Circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy indicate that the protein contains enhanced alpha-helical secondary structure when self-assembling with surfactant, and has a loosened tertiary structure. The protein does not interact with the surfactant as an unfolded random coil. Although the conformation of alpha-LA in aqueous salt solutions is known to depend on pH, when self-assembling with AOT the protein adopts a structure whose features are quite pH insensitive, and likely reflect an intrinsic interaction with the interface.  相似文献   

19.
高稳定的囊泡广泛用于制作生物模型、药物输送以及合成纳米材料的模板。获得高稳定囊泡结构的重要方法之一是用聚合反应固定囊泡结构。作为可聚合囊泡制备的前期基础工作,研究了一种可聚合的囊泡体系:1-丙烯基-2,2,二甲基-十二烷基溴化胺(ADDB)和ADDB与十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)的等摩尔比混合体系。该囊泡体系即使在高浓度盐水中也能够自发地形成均相的囊泡溶液。在聚合之前,采用动态激光光散射(DLS)、冷冻蚀刻透射电镜(FF-TEM)技术研究了可聚合囊泡的盐效应。DLS测试发现没有盐存在时,囊泡大小为83 nm,盐的浓度增加到250 mmol/L时,囊泡尺寸增大到250 nm。然而继续增大盐浓度到1000 mmol/L, 囊泡尺寸减小到180nm. FF-TEM结果发现盐浓度小于150 mM时, 单个囊泡为70 nm左右,然而明显存在囊泡的絮凝与融合;当盐浓度增加到400 mM时,单个囊泡尺寸减小到20 nm. 因此DLS 观测到囊泡尺寸增大的原因是由于囊泡的絮凝与融合;而尺寸减小的原因是由于在高盐浓度下,盐屏蔽了带电颗粒之间的静电相互作用,在熵增的驱使下,大囊泡变成小囊泡。  相似文献   

20.
The salt effect of sodium salicylate (NaS) on the micellization and micellar solubilization of sodium dodecylsulfate (NaDS) has been studied. The experimental and theoretical conditions for the determination of the thermodynamic partition coefficient P of 1-pentanol between the micellar pseudo-phase and water in presence of added salt is discussed in the case of a precise gas-chromatographic method. In Particular, it is shown that P decreases with solute concentration in aqueous NaDS and sodium perfluorooctanoate surfactant solutions in opposition to the classical behavior in water-organic immiscible phases. As a reference salt effect, it is shown that P is constant with added NaCl in a large salt concentration domain where NaDS micelles are known to undergo dranatic structural changes. In the case of added NaS, P decreases slightly at very high salt concentration. It is suggested that this behavior might be the consequence of partial mixed micelle formation between the salicylate ion and NaDS micelles.  相似文献   

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