甲烷部分氧化制甲醛催化剂MoO_3／SiO_2及MoO-3·MxOy／SiO_2的程序升温还原研究

利用程序升温还原（ＴＰＲ）方法，研究了甲烷部分氧化制甲醛催化剂ＭｏＯ３／ＳｉＯ２及添加金属氧化物的ＭｏＯ３·ＭｘＯｙ／ＳｉＯ２（Ｍ＝Ｖ、Ｆｅ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｒ、Ｃｕ）催化剂上，活性组分在载体上的分散及ＭｏＯ３与ＭｘＯｙ的相互作用．发现钼含量的提高不利于ＭｏＯ３在ＳｉＯ２上的分散，催化剂表面晶相ＭｏＯ３随钼含量的提高而增多．ＳｉＯ２上担载的活性组分有一个最佳值，对应于最佳催化活性．ＭｏＯ３·ＭｘＯｙ／ＳｉＯ２催化剂中ＭｏＯ３与ＭｘＯｙ发生了不同的相互作用，影响催化剂表面的活性氧物种，导致它们对甲烷氧化活性和甲醛选择性的不同．ＭｏＯ３·Ｖ２Ｏ５／ＳｉＯ２是比较好的催化剂，且Ｖ２Ｏ５添加量有最佳值，对应甲烷氧化制甲醛也有较高的活性和选择性．     

氧化铈在非贵金属氧化物催化剂中的作用：Ⅵ.Cu—Fe—Ce—O催化剂的结 …

采用ＸＲＤ,顺磁共振（ＥＳＲ）,Ｍｏｓｓｂａｕｅｒ和或温还原（ＴＰＲ）技术对负截型Ｃｕ－Ｆｅ－Ｏ（Ⅰ）,Ｃｕ－Ｆｅ－Ｃｏ－Ｏ（Ⅱ）催化剂的固相结构及热稳定性进行了研究。结果发现,（Ⅰ）中主要存在Ｆｅ２ＣｕＯ４,ＣｕＯ和颗粒度小于１３ｎｍ的Ｆｅ２Ｏ３相。随着焙烧温度的升高,ＣｕＯ晶相逐渐消失,Ｆｅ２ＣｕＯ４的晶相长大。（Ⅱ）中Ｃｅ的存在,能提高Ｃｕ＾２＋的浓度,抑制ＣｕＯ和Ｆｅ２ＣｕＯ４晶相的生成,     

NaCl和B2O3在修饰FeOχ催化剂中的协同作用

应用连续催化反应，ＸＰＳ，ＸＲＤ，Ｈ２－ＴＰＲ，Ｏ２－ＴＰＤ和Ｉｎ－ｓｉｔｕ Ｍｏｓｓｂａｕｅｒ谱等方法表征了一系列组成不同的ＮａＣｌ／Ｂ２Ｏ３／Ｆｅ２Ｏ３催化剂。结果表明ＮａＣｌ与Ｂ２Ｏ３在修饰ＦｅＯｘ催化剂上存在明显的协同作用，Ｂ２Ｏ３调变了ＦｅＯｘ的还原能力，ＮａＣｌ修饰了Ｂ２Ｏ３／ＦｅＯｘ使之具有很高的还原速度与晶格氧气化速度。催化剂的催化性能同这种协同作用密切相关。     

F-T合成非负载型Fe-Mn催化剂的晶相结构与反应性能

Ｆｅ－Ｍｎ催化剂前驱体在焙烧时生成α（Ｆｅ１－ｙＭｎｙ）２Ｏ３、γ－（Ｍｎ,Ｆｅ）３Ｏ４和β-（Ｍｎ,Ｆｅ）２Ｏ３。焙烧过的前驱体在氢气氛中还原时生成（Ｆｅ１－ｘ、Ｍｎｘ）３Ｏ４、（Ｍｎ,Ｆｅ）３Ｏ４、Ｆｅ１－ｚＭｎｚＯ、（Ｍｎ,Ｆｅ）Ｏ和Ｆｅ０。当还原处理过的前驱体被置于合成气中时,随着反应环境的变化Ｆｅ０转变为碳化铁、Ｆｅ１－ｚＭｎ２Ｏ,最终成为（Ｆｅ１－ｘＭｎｘ）３Ｏ４。锰在催化剂中起着电子及结构双重作用。在催化过程中,所有的晶相均表现出一氧化碳加氢活性。然而,它们的催化性能与反应环境密切相关。     

Preparation and Crystal Structures of LaCl_3（12－crown－4）（MeOH）and［LaCl_3（phen）_2（H_2O）］·MeOH

Ｐｒｅｐａｒａｔｉｏｎ　ａｎｄ　Ｃｒｙｓｔａｌ　Ｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｓ　ｏｆ　ＬａＣｌ_３（１２－ｃｒｏｗｎ－４）（ＭｅＯＨ）ａｎｄ［ＬａＣｌ_３（ｐｈｅｎ）_２（Ｈ_２Ｏ）］·ＭｅＯＨＭａｏＪｉａｎｇ－Ｇａｏ（ＦｕｊｉａｎＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＲｅｓｅａ...     

SO^2—4／TiO2和SO^2—4／Fe2O3固体超强酸研究

用ＸＲＤ、ＴＧ－ＤＴＧ、ＳＥＭ和化学分析等手段研究了浸渍Ｈ２ＳＯ４的无定形ＴｉＯ２和Ｆｅ２Ｏ３在焙烧过程中的晶化、相变、失水及失硫情况，总结出ＳＯ＾２－４／ＭｘＯｙ型固体超强酸具有与ＳＯ＾２－４／ＺｒＯ２体系相同的形成规律。用ＩＲ光谱和常温正戊烷异构化反应对ＳＯ＾２－４／ＴｉＯ２／Ｆｅ２Ｏ３的超强酸性进行了表征，表明它们与ＳＯ＾２－４／ＺｒＯ２体系具有相似的表面酸位结构，无水状态主要为Ｌ酸位，吸水     

铁基高温变换催化剂制备的穆斯堡尔谱研究──I．铁氧化物前驱态的相变过程

用穆斯堡尔诺及ＸＲＤ技术对不同铁氧化物前驱态的相变过程进行了研究．ＦｅＣＯ３沉淀在空气中老化时被氧化分解生成ＦｅＯ（ＯＨ），经干燥、煅烧后全部转化为α－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３Ｆｅ（ＯＨ）２沉淀物在空气中老化时则转化为ＦｅａＯ４·２Ｈ２Ｏ和ＦｅＯＯＨ，并且两者的相对含量受Ｆｅ２＋的迁移速度和Ｆｅ（ＯＨ）２的氧化速度的影响．干燥、煅烧后，Ｆｅ３Ｏ４·２Ｈ２Ｏ转化生成γ－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３，ＦｅＯＯＨ则转化生成α－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３，由此所得铁氧化物的晶型是可以调节的．     

（四甲基二硅撑）双（3－三甲硅基环戊二烯基）－四羰基二铁的反应性

标题化合物（Ｍｅ_２ＳｉＳｉＭｅ_２）［η￣５－（３－Ｍｅ_３ＳｉＣ_５Ｈ_３）Ｆｅ（ＣＯ）_２］_２／（μ－ＣＯ）_２（Ａ）分子中的Ｆｅ－Ｆｅ键被钠汞齐还原断裂，生成相应的双铁负离子，分别与ＭｅＣＯＣｌ、ＰｈＣＯＣｌ、ＰｈＣＨ_２Ｃｌ、ＣｌＣＨ_２ＣＯＯＣ_２Ｈ_５和Ｐｈ_３ＳｎＣｌ进行亲核取代反应，生成在铁原子上引入相应取代基的产物（Ｍｅ_２ＳｉＳｉＭｅ_２）［η￣５－（３－Ｍｅ_３ＳｉＣ_５Ｈ_３）Ｆｅ（ＣＯ）_２Ｒ］_２（Ｒ：ＭｅＣＯ（１），ＰｈＣＯ（２），ＰｈＣＨ_２（３），ＣＨ_２ＣＯＯＣ_２Ｈ_５（４），Ｐｈ_３Ｓｎ（５），Ｉ（６））。Ａ在氯仿中与碘反应，得到Ｆｅ－Ｆｅ断裂的双铁碘化物，但在苯中与过量碘反应，则得到Ｆｅ－Ｉ－Ｆｅ桥联的离子型化合物（Ｍｅ_２ＳｉＳｉＭｅ_２）［η￣５－（３－Ｍｅ_３ＳｉＣ_５Ｈ_３）Ｆｅ（ＣＯ）_２］_２Ｉ·Ｉ（７）。化合物６的晶体和分子结构经Ｘ射线衍射测定，６属单斜晶系，Ｐ２１／ｃ空间群，ａ＝１．７２１７（４）ｎｍ，ｂ＝０．７７５３（２）ｎｍ，Ｃ＝１．３６２９（７）ｎｍ，β＝１０３．８０（３）°，Ｖ＝１．７６７（２）ｎｍ３，Ｚ＝４，Ｄｃ＝１．６２９９·ｃｍ－１，最终偏差因子Ｒ＝０．０５４。     

α-Fe_2O_3掺杂对In_2O_3电导和气敏性能的影响

用化学共沉淀法制备了α－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３掺杂的Ｉｎ２Ｏ３纳米晶微粉,研究了α－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３掺杂对Ｉｎ２Ｏ３电导和气敏性能的影响．结果表明,α－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３和 Ｉｎ２Ｏ３间可形成有限固溶体Ｉｎ２－ｘＦｅｘＯ３（０≤ｘ≤０．４０）;Ｆｅ３＋对 Ｉｎ２Ｏ３晶格中Ｉｎ３＋格位的部分取代,大大增强了阴阳离子间的结合力,导致材料中氧空位Ｖｏｘ数骤降、自由电子的浓度变稀和电导下降．ｎ（Ｆｅ３＋）：ｎ（Ｉｎ３＋）＝５：５的共沉淀粉于 ８００℃下灼烧 ４ ｈ所得的 α－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３掺杂Ｉｎ２Ｏ３传感器元件,对 ４５μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１Ｃ２Ｈ５ＯＨ的灵敏度达５４．０,为相同浓度干扰气体汽油的８倍多．     

制备高碳醇用Cu－Fe系催化剂的活性相

用共沉淀法制备了Ｃｕ－Ｆｅ系催化剂，它是由脂肪酸甲酯加氢制备高碳醇的新催化体系．催化剂经焙烧后的物相为ＣｕＯ，γ－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３和ＭｇＯ，形成了活性相的结构前驱．在反应条件下，ＣｕＯ首先被还原为金属态的Ｃｕ０，然后γ－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３被还原为Ｆｅ３Ｏ４；Ｃｕ０和Ｆｅ３Ｏ４共同参与催化该反应．本文用ＸＲＤ，ＴＧ－ＤＴＡ和Ｍｏｓｓｂａｕｅｒ谱等手段，结合催化剂的活性测定，确定了催化剂的活性相为Ｃｕ０和Ｆｅ３Ｏ４；ＭｇＯ可改变催化剂的电子结构和几何构型，起到重要的助催化作用     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.     

Synthesis of N-substituted carbazolones from α-iodo enaminones via Pd(0)-catalyzed intramolecular coupling under microwave irradiation

A variety of N-aryl and N-alkyl carbazolones were conveniently achieved in good to high yields via Pd₂(dba)₃-mediated intramolecular coupling of N-substituted α-iodo enaminones under microwave irradiation. The Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization was found to proceed favorably with the more electron-deficient phenyl ring during the reactions involving unsymmetrical N,N-diaryl α-iodo enaminones. This unique property enables the construction of carbazolone skeleton containing nitro substituted benzenoid ring.     

Synthesis of substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles by intramolecular nitrilimine cycloaddition

Both substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles have been synthesized by the 3+2 intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition of nitrilimines to alkynes. This cyclization has been extended to more versatile 3-bromo derivatives by the use of alkynylbromides as dipolarophiles.     

Catalyst free,visible-light promoted photoaddition reactions between C60 and N-trimethylsilylmethyl-substituted tertiary amines for synthesis of aminomethyl-1,2-dihydrofullerenes

An efficient and benign method for the preparation of aminomethyl-substituted fullerenes has been developed. The process, involving catalyst free, visible-light irradiation of 10% EtOH-toluene solutions containing fullerene C₆₀ and N-trimethylsilylmethyl-substituted amines by using a 20 W compact fluorescent lamp, leads to formation of aminomethyl-substituted fullerene adducts in a highly efficient manner. The photoaddition reaction takes place via a pathway initiated by visible light absorption by C₆₀, followed by SET from the amine to the triplet excited state of C₆₀. Ethanol-promoted desilylation of the resulting a minimum radical then generates the corresponding α-amino radical which couples with the C₆₀ radical anion to form the anion precursor of the fullerene adducts. The new approach using visible-light takes place under mild conditions and it does not require the use of photocatalysts. Thus, the method developed in this effort could broadens the range of functionalized fullerene derivatives that can be readily prepared.     

Highly efficient and stereoselective cycloaddition of nitrones to indolyl- and pyrrolylacrylates

The reactions of various nitrones with indolyl- and pyrrolylacrylates proceeds regioselectively with high diastereoselectivity in the case of aldonitrones, and represents an effective method for obtaining new indolyl- and pyrrolyl-substituted isoxazolidine carboxylates stabilized by weak (CH?O) and moderate (NH?N) strength intramolecular hydrogen bonding. The resulting cycloadducts exhibit promising in vitro anti-influenza activities.     

Transition metal-free direct amination of benzoxazoles using formamides as nitrogen sources

A transition metal-free method for the direct amination of benzoxazoles using formamides as nitrogen sources is reported, which was mediated by an inexpensive and environmentally friendly tetrabutylammonium iodide/tert-butyl hydroperoxide system and gave the 2-aminobenzoxazole derivatives with moderate to good yields.     

l-Proline-catalyzed five-component domino reaction leading to multifunctionalized 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyridines

Multifunctionalized 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyridines are concisely synthesized in good yields via l-proline-catalyzed or l-proline/FeCl₃-cocatalyzed one-pot multicomponent reactions (MCRs). The MCRs involve a domino hydroamination/prins reaction/Mannich-type reaction/intramolecular dehydration-cyclization process. The molecular structure of 5baa, one of multifunctionalized 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyridines, was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.     

Exploring the scope of the Gewald reaction: Expansion to a four-component process

An efficient four-component reaction was developed to take advantage of the reactivity of the 2-aminothiophene-3-carbonitrile functionality, which is obtained during the classical three-component Gewald reaction. Various α-methylene bearing ketones were reacted with malononitrile, elemental sulfur, and aryl/heteroarylnitrile derivatives in t-BuOH/NaOH to afford 2-arylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amines in high yields. Preliminary studies revealed the photophysical properties of the products and their potential for use as metal sensors.