双柱固相萃取净化-液相色谱-串联质谱法测定牛奶和奶粉中链霉素和双氢链霉素残留量

建立了双柱固相萃取净化-液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)测定牛奶和奶粉中链霉素和双氢链霉素残留量的分析方法。样品用H3PO4溶液提取,三氯乙酸沉淀蛋白,苯磺酸型和羧酸型固相萃取柱净化,经Atlantis C18色谱柱分离,以电喷雾离子源在正离子多反应监测(MRM)模式下进行测定。牛奶中链霉素和双氢链霉素的方法检出限均为4μg/kg,定量限均为10μg/kg,奶粉中链霉素和双氢链霉素的方法检出限均为30μg/kg,定量限均为80μg/kg,方法回收率为80%~86%,相对标准偏差为5.9%~11.5%。本方法适用于牛奶和奶粉中链霉素和双氢链霉素残留量的测定。     

奶粉中链霉素与双氢链霉素残留量的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定

建立了奶粉样品中链霉素与双氢链霉素残留量的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定方法。样品用ED-TA-Na2缓冲溶液提取,弱阳离子交换树脂固相萃取柱(WCX)净化后,采用HILIC色谱柱(50 mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm)分离,以乙腈和含0.3%甲酸的100 mmol/L甲酸铵溶液梯度洗脱,多反应监测模式测定,外标法定量。在优化实验条件下,链霉素和双氢链霉素在2.0~50.0μg/L质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,检出限均为0.01 mg/kg,方法的回收率为74%~110%,相对标准偏差均不大于9.4%。该方法简便、快速、实用、准确,能够满足奶粉中链霉素和双氢链霉素残留量的检测要求。     

蜂蜜中链霉素与双氢链霉素残留量的液相色谱串联质谱法测定

建立了液相色谱串联质谱（HPLC-MS/MS）同时对蜂蜜中链霉素和双氢链霉素残留量进行分析的方法。采用磷酸溶液提取,苯磺酸固相萃取柱和C18固相萃取柱串联净化,液相色谱串联质谱测定。链霉素的检出限为0.002 mg/kg,线性范围为0.005～0.100 mg/kg,相关系数为0.9992;双氢链霉素检出限为0.001mg/kg,线性范围为0.002～0.050 mg/kg,相关系数为0.9924。方法回收率为78%～95%,相对标准偏差为2.6%～4.9%。该法实用、准确、快捷,可应用于蜂蜜样品中链霉素和双氢链霉素的同时检测。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定鳗鱼中链霉素和双氢链霉素残留量

建立了不使用离子对试剂,液质联用技术检测鳗鱼中链霉素和双氢链霉素残留量的检测方法。样品经三氯乙酸溶液提取,碱性氧化铝快速净化,弱阳离子交换柱固相萃取,CAPCELL PAK ST柱分离。链霉素和双氢链霉素检出限为1.5μg/kg,在10.0~500 ng/m L质量浓度范围内链霉素和双氢链霉素呈线性相关,相关系数为0.9999和0.9994,回收率在78.3%~105.9%之间,相对标准偏差在3.1%~6.6%之间。方法采用碱性氧化铝基质分散固相萃取,除去样液中油脂同时也降低样液中酸的浓度,进而降低固相萃取上样液中碱金属离子强度,提高了链霉素和双氢链霉素残留检测的绝对回收率。     

亲水作用色谱-串联质谱法测定蜂蜜中链霉素和双氢链霉素残留

建立了亲水作用色谱-串联质谱（HILIC-MS/MS）测定蜂蜜中链霉素和双氢链霉素的分析方法。样品中链霉素和双氢链霉素经20 g/L三氯乙酸水溶液（含50 mmol/L磷酸盐，pH 6.8）提取，HLB固相萃取柱净化，采用HILIC-MS/MS对目标物进行定性和定量分析。采用SIELC Obelisc R色谱柱，以0.5%（体积分数）甲酸水溶液和乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱分离，在正离子模式下检测，外标法定量。该方法在2.5~100 μg/L范围内线性关系良好（r>0.99），检出限（LOD）为2.0 μg/kg，定量限（LOQ）为5.0 μg/kg。在空白蜂蜜样品中进行5.0、20.0、100.0 μg/kg 3个水平的加标回收试验，方法的平均回收率为86.9%~113.2%，精密度在10%以下。该方法简单、快速、灵敏，重复性好，可用于蜂蜜中链霉素和双氢链霉素的定量测定。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定葡萄中链霉素和双氢链霉素

研究系统地优化了样品前处理过程及仪器分析中影响链霉素和双氢链霉素残留分析准确度与响应灵敏度的各主要因素,建立了葡萄中链霉素和双氢链霉素残留的快速精准定量分析方法。葡萄样品经磷酸溶液(pH=2)超声提取、Oasis HLB单固相萃取柱富集净化后,采用Waters HSS T3色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.8 μm)分离,柱温35 ℃,进样量2 μL,以0.1%甲酸水溶液-甲醇溶液(60∶40, v/v)为流动相进行等度洗脱,在正离子、电喷雾电离源多反应监测模式下测定,外标法定量。链霉素和双氢链霉素在2~400 μg/L质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(R²)分别为0.9991和0.9997;在5、10、20和40 μg/kg 4个添加水平下的平均回收率为76.8%~91.9%,相对标准偏差为0.4%~10.2%;链霉素和双氢链霉素的检出限(LOD)为1 μg/L,定量限(LOQ)为5 μg/kg。为验证该方法的适用性,将方法适用于无籽红提、新郁葡萄、夏黑葡萄等实际样品中进行添加回收实验,链霉素和双氢链霉素的平均回收率分别为77.2%~83.9%和70.8%~78.9%, RSD为3.0%~15.6%。该法的准确度和精密度均符合葡萄中链霉素和双氢链霉素分析要求,且操作简便、准确,灵敏度高,适用于葡萄中链霉素和双氢链霉素残留量的检测分析。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定花粉中的链霉素和双氢链霉素

建立了花粉中链霉素(streptomycin,STR)与双氢链霉素(dihydrostreptomycin,DHS)的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)检测方法。样品经提取液提取、三氯甲烷沉淀蛋白后,用C18固相萃取柱进行富集净化,采用HPLC-MS/MS对目标物进行定性确证和定量分析。在Protemix WCX-NP5色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,5μm)上以5%(v/v)甲酸、20 mmol/L醋酸铵和甲醇为流动相进行梯度洗脱分离;质谱采集模式为电喷雾正离子监测模式。链霉素和双氢链霉素的检出限(以信噪比(S/N)=3计)均为5μg/kg,定量限(以S/N=10计)均为10μg/kg;在10~200μg/L的质量浓度范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数(r)大于0.99。本底空白的松花粉、玉米花粉、茶花粉、葵花粉、油菜花粉、杂花粉等6种基质中10、20、50μg/kg添加水平下的加标回收率范围为76.8%~100.3%,精密度范围为3.70%~12.6%。该方法无需使用对LC-MS联用仪容易造成污染的七氟正丁酸,且方法准确可靠,适用于大部分花粉基质的测定。     

混合型离子交换液相色谱-串联质谱法测定蜂蜜中5种氨基糖苷类抗生素残留

建立了混合型离子交换液相色谱-串联质谱测定蜂蜜中链霉素、双氢链霉素、壮观霉素、卡那霉素和阿米卡星等5种氨基糖苷类抗生素的方法。蜂蜜样品采用磷酸盐缓冲溶液提取，分子印迹固相萃取柱富集净化，Obelisc R色谱柱分离，以0.1%（v/v）甲酸水溶液和乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱，采用电喷雾电离、正离子模式扫描，多反应监测模式检测，外标法定量。实验结果表明，链霉素和双氢链霉素在5~100 μg/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系，定量限为5 μg/kg；壮观霉素、卡那霉素和阿米卡星在20~500 μg/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系，定量限为20 μg/kg。在空白蜂蜜样品中添加1倍、2倍和5倍定量限水平的5种氨基糖苷类药物，其平均回收率为75.1%~92.3%，相对标准偏差为4.5%~10.7%。该法不添加离子对试剂，可减少对质谱仪的污染，并具有较高的灵敏度，适用于蜂蜜中5种氨基糖苷类抗生素的同时检测。     

固相萃取/高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定植物性食品中链霉素与双氢链霉素

建立了植物性食品(苹果、芹菜、甜椒、干扁豆)中链霉素(Streptomycin,STR)和双氢链霉素(Dihydrostreptomycin,DHS)的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)检测方法。样品经磷酸盐缓冲溶液提取,借助WCX固相萃取柱富集净化后,采用Atlantis Hilic Silica亲水作用色谱柱(100 mm×3.0 mm,3μm)分离,乙腈-0.1 mol/L甲酸铵和0.1%甲酸溶液等度洗脱,以电喷雾电离串联质谱多反应监测(MRM)正离子模式进行检测,外标法定量。结果显示,链霉素和双氢链霉素在10～120μg/L质量浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数(r)均大于0.999,定量下限均为125μg/kg。本底空白的4种样品基质在3个添加水平(125、250、500μg/kg)下的平均回收率为83.6%～101%,相对标准偏差为2.3%～7.8%。该方法无需使用对LC-MS联用仪造成污染的离子对试剂,且方法操作简便、快速、可靠、稳定,能满足大部分植物性食品中链霉素和双氢链霉素的检测需要。     

串联双柱固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱法测定番茄酱中链霉素和双氢链霉素残留量

建立了同时测定番茄酱中链霉素和双氢链霉素残留量的串联双柱净化-液相色谱-串联质谱方法。样品中的残留物用磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 4)提取,经分散固相萃取净化和串联双柱固相萃取净化后,用极性色谱柱在梯度洗脱条件下分离待测物,采用正离子电喷雾离子源(ESI+)在多反应监测(MRM)扫描模式下进行测定,外标法定量。链霉素和双氢链霉素在0.01～0.2 mg/L质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r)大于0.999。链霉素和双氢链霉素的定量限均为0.02 mg/kg,回收率为71%～101%,相对标准偏差为2.3%～15%。该方法操作简便,净化效果好,灵敏,准确,适用于检测和分析番茄酱及其制品中链霉素和双氢链霉素残留量。     

Determination and study on residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil

A QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method for the determination of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been developed in this study. The residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil were determined with the developed method. The half-lives of benazolin-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 3.7–5.1 days and 14.3–26.3 days, respectively. The half-lives of quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 5.0-6.1 days and 0.3–9.7 days, respectively. The residue of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rapeseed and soil were below the detection limit (i.e., 0.5?mg?kg^?1, the maximum residue level of European Union for quizalofop-p-ethyl).     

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能李悦生，丁孟贤，徐纪平（浙江大学高分子科学与工程研究所，杭州，３１００２７）（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所）关键词聚醚酰亚胺，聚酯酰亚胺，膜，透气性通常的聚酰亚胺加工性能较差，在芳环二酐的苯环间引入醚键等柔性基团后，其...     

微量元素与疾病诊断治疗的研究现状及展望

对国内外微量元素与疾病的关系及其诊断治疗的研究现状及研究动向进行了综述，包括：微量元素与地方病、癌肿、心血管病、糖尿病、眼病、神经系统病等。参考文献72篇。     

Ferrocene and ferrocenium modified clays and their styrene and EVA composites

In this work, ferrocene- and ferrocenium-containing salts were employed to modify montmorillonite. X-ray measurements show an increase in the interlayer spacing upon clay modification, which means that the larger and more organophilic cations were inserted into the gallery space of montmorillonite. Attempts to prepare nanocomposites of polystyrene and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers lead to immiscible systems; the morphology of these systems was elucidated with TEM, XRD and cone calorimetry. The thermal stability of the composites is greater than that of the virgin polymer.     

Conformations and steric and stacking interactions of trisubstituted ureas and thioureas with alkyl and phenyl groups

The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of various trisubstituted ureas of the R₂UPh type and -thioureas of the R₂TUPh type have been studied. The trans—out isomerism in the former and the trans—out—cis isomerism in the latter are discussed from the point of view of steric effect. The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of RPhUPh and RPhTUPh are also examined. The single band appearing in the spectrum of both ureas is characteristic of the cis form; this suggests the existence of phenyl—phenyl interaction (the stacking interaction proposed by Galabov et al. [10]). Behavior of ν(N—H) vibrations at several concentrations is shown to be clearly different in the three forms (trans, out and cis). The presence of the cis form is confirmed by solvent effect experiments.     

Synthesis and Optical and Redox Properties of Symmetric and Asymmetric BODIPYs

Herein, we present the synthetic route and the photophysical, electrochemical as well as laser properties of novel red‐emitting boron‐dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) bearing arylethyne moieties. Such functionality is added along the main axis of the chromophore leading to single‐ and double‐substituted derivatives. The relationship between the dye structure and the lasing properties is studied in detail with the help of the photophysical and electrochemical properties as well as quantum mechanical simulations. The asymmetric substitution of the parent dye induces inhomogeneities in the charge distribution, which leads to an overall loss of the fluorescence capacity, mainly in polar media. Such non‐radiative deactivation processes can be softened by decreasing the electron‐donor ability of the substituent or even avoided by symmetrical substitution. Thus, grafting of the arylethyne moieties at the longitudinal axis of the indacene core results in an effective strategy to develop red‐edge BODIPYs with highly efficient and photostable laser emission.     

Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的物相结构与组分优化设计

Ti-V基储氢合金在室温、常压下即可表现出良好的储氢特性,且质量储氢容量明显高于传统AB₅型储氢合金,从而在氢气的精制和回收、运输和储存及热泵等方面有较早的应用。 此外,在混合气体分离、核反应堆中处理氢的同位素、镍氢电池及燃料电池负极材料等方面也得到了广泛的研究与关注。 基于目前Ti-V基储氢合金的研究现状,概述了该类合金的优势、限制性因素(包括成因)及改性手段。 此外,为了进一步理解Ti-V基合金储氢机理、构建合金组分与储氢特性之间的对应关系,本工作重点围绕Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的结构、组分优化设计展开综述,并对其未来研究方向做出展望。     

钒与糖代谢及糖尿病

微量元素钒作为生物体内必需元素，经证实有很重要的生理学功能，与机体糖代谢有十分密切的关系，且能降低糖尿病动物模型的高血糖，极有可能被开发为治疗糖尿病的药物。     

含茂基苯并三氮唑基镧系有机配合物的合成及表征

三茂基镧系化合物和苯并三氮唑在四氢呋喃中反应,合成了7个未见文献报道的含茂基苯并三氮唑基镧系有机配合物,经元素分析、IR和MS测定,从有关数据推测了这类配合物的可能结构。